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Isolation and characterization of systemic acquired resistance marker gene PR1 and its promoter from Brassica juncea.

ABSTRACT: Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is an inducible defense response in plants that provides enhanced resistance against a variety of pathogens. In this regard, SAR marker gene PR1 (pathogenesis-related gene 1) was isolated from Brassica juncea and was named as BjPR1. The amino acid sequence of BjPR1 protein showed 99, 92, and 78% similarity with known PR1 proteins of Brassica rapa, Brassica napus, and Arabidopsis thaliana, respectively. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis showed increased expression of BjPR1 gene both in local (infected) and distal (non-infected) leaves of B. juncea after Alternaria brassicae infection, whereas mechanical wounding showed expression only in local (wounded) leaves but not in distal (unwounded) leaves. Moreover, BjPR1 gene was strongly induced by salicylic acid (SA), whereas no such induction was observed following jasmonic acid (JA) or abscisic acid (ABA) treatments. To further elucidate gene regulation pattern of BjPR1, 2 kb promoter region of BjPR1 was isolated and subjected to in silico analysis which identified many potential cis-regulatory elements associated with plant defense as well as signaling pathways. The transient GUS expression analysis showed strong expression of GUS gene driven by BjPR1 promoter after SA treatment, while as ABA and JA downregulates GUS gene expression compared to control. In addition, BjPR1 promoter was significantly induced by wounding at local tissues. Hence, these results highlight the multiple role of BjPR1 gene in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. In addition, the present study also reported BjPR1 promoter as stress-specific inducible promoter that can be ideal candidate for controlling the expression of biotic stress response genes in transgenic plants.

SUBMITTER: Ali S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5723574 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:Genome-wide microarray analyses revealed that during biological activation of systemic acquired resistance (SAR) in Arabidopsis, the transcript levels of several hundred plant genes were consistently up- (SAR(+) genes) or down-regulated (SAR(-) genes) in systemic, non-inoculated leaf tissue. This transcriptional reprogramming fully depended on the SAR regulator FLAVIN-DEPENDENT MONOOXYGENASE1 (FMO1). Functional gene categorization showed that genes associated with salicylic acid (SA)-associated defenses, signal transduction, transport, and the secretory machinery are overrepresented in the group of SAR(+) genes, and that the group of SAR(-) genes is enriched in genes activated via the jasmonate (JA)/ethylene (ET)-defense pathway, as well as in genes associated with cell wall remodeling and biosynthesis of constitutively produced secondary metabolites. This suggests that SAR-induced plants reallocate part of their physiological activity from vegetative growth towards SA-related defense activation. Alignment of the SAR expression data with other microarray information allowed us to define three clusters of SAR(+) genes. Cluster I consists of genes tightly regulated by SA. Cluster II genes can be expressed independently of SA, and this group is moderately enriched in H2O2- and abscisic acid (ABA)-responsive genes. The expression of the cluster III SAR(+) genes is partly SA-dependent. We propose that SA-independent signaling events in early stages of SAR activation enable the biosynthesis of SA and thus initiate SA-dependent SAR signaling. Both SA-independent and SA-dependent events tightly co-operate to realize SAR. SAR(+) genes function in the establishment of diverse resistance layers, in the direct execution of resistance against different (hemi-)biotrophic pathogen types, in suppression of the JA- and ABA-signaling pathways, in redox homeostasis, and in the containment of defense response activation. Our data further indicated that SAR-associated defense priming can be realized by partial pre-activation of particular defense pathways.

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Isolation and characterization of systemic acquired resistance marker gene PR1 and its promoter from Brassica juncea.

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