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De-novo emergence of SINE retroposons during the early evolution of passerine birds.


ABSTRACT: Background:Passeriformes ("perching birds" or passerines) make up more than half of all extant bird species. The genome of the zebra finch, a passerine model organism for vocal learning, was noted previously to contain thousands of short interspersed elements (SINEs), a group of retroposons that is abundant in mammalian genomes but considered largely inactive in avian genomes. Results:Here we resolve the deep phylogenetic relationships of passerines using presence/absence patterns of SINEs. The resultant retroposon-based phylogeny provides a powerful and independent corroboration of previous sequence-based analyses. Notably, SINE activity began in the common ancestor of Eupasseres (passerines excluding the New Zealand wrens Acanthisittidae) and ceased before the rapid diversification of oscine passerines (suborder Passeri - songbirds). Furthermore, we find evidence for very recent SINE activity within suboscine passerines (suborder Tyranni), following the emergence of a SINE via acquisition of a different tRNA head as we suggest through template switching. Conclusions:We propose that the early evolution of passerines was unusual among birds in that it was accompanied by de-novo emergence and activity of SINEs. Their genomic and transcriptomic impact warrants further study in the light of the massive diversification of passerines.

SUBMITTER: Suh A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5729268 | biostudies-literature | 2017

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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<i>De-novo</i> emergence of SINE retroposons during the early evolution of passerine birds.

Suh Alexander A   Bachg Sandra S   Donnellan Stephen S   Joseph Leo L   Brosius Jürgen J   Kriegs Jan Ole JO   Schmitz Jürgen J  

Mobile DNA 20171214


<h4>Background</h4>Passeriformes ("perching birds" or passerines) make up more than half of all extant bird species. The genome of the zebra finch, a passerine model organism for vocal learning, was noted previously to contain thousands of short interspersed elements (SINEs), a group of retroposons that is abundant in mammalian genomes but considered largely inactive in avian genomes.<h4>Results</h4>Here we resolve the deep phylogenetic relationships of passerines using presence/absence patterns  ...[more]

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