Dataset Information

Variation in the Sweet Taste Receptor Gene and Dietary Intake in a Swedish Middle-Aged Population.

ABSTRACT: The preference for sweet taste is partially genetically determined. The major allele of the single nucleotide polymorphism rs12033832 in the sweet taste receptor (TAS1R2) has previously been associated with lower sugar sensitivity and higher sugar intake among overweight individuals. The aim of the present study was to examine the association between dietary intake and the TAS1R2 genotype in lean and overweight individuals in the population-based Malmö Diet and Cancer (MDC) cohort using dietary intake data with a high validity.In total, 3,602 participants (46-68?years old) from the MDC cohort who underwent baseline examinations between 1991 and 1994, who were non-smokers without diabetes, and for whom information regarding TAS1R2 rs7534618 (a proxy for rs12033832) was available were included in this study. After excluding individuals with potentially misreported and unstable food habits, 2,204 individuals were retained. A modified dietary history method, including a 7-day food diary of prepared meals, which was specifically designed for the MDC study was used.Only modest associations were observed between dietary intake and the TAS1R2 genotype. We observed slightly stronger associations after excluding individuals with potentially misreported and unstable food habits. Among the participants with a BMI ?25, the major (T) allele carriers consumed more carbohydrates [TT?=?45.2 percentage of energy intake (E%); TG?=?45.2E%; GG?=?43.7E%; p?=?0.01] and less fat (p?=?0.03), but these participants did not consume more sucrose than the G-allele carriers. No association was observed between the genotype and dietary intake among the participants with a BMI <25.Although the higher carbohydrate intake among the major allele carriers was consistent with that reported in a previous study, the magnitudes of the associations were substantially smaller. Because we observed no association with sucrose, this allele is unlikely to be useful as a marker of sugar intake in the MDC population.

SUBMITTER: Habberstad C

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5733356 | biostudies-literature | 2017

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Variation in the Sweet Taste Receptor Gene and Dietary Intake in a Swedish Middle-Aged Population.

Habberstad Caroline C Drake Isabel I Sonestedt Emily E

Frontiers in endocrinology 20171213

<h4>Background</h4>The preference for sweet taste is partially genetically determined. The major allele of the single nucleotide polymorphism rs12033832 in the sweet taste receptor (<i>TAS1R2</i>) has previously been associated with lower sugar sensitivity and higher sugar intake among overweight individuals. The aim of the present study was to examine the association between dietary intake and the <i>TAS1R2</i> genotype in lean and overweight individuals in the population-based Malmö Diet and C ...[more]

PMID: 29326656

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Project description:The relationship between the variants of bitter taste receptor gene TAS2R4, dietary intake, and incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains unclear. Hence, we aimed to examine the association of TAS2R4 rs2233998 variants with T2DM incidence in middle-aged and older Korean adults to understand if their association was modulated by dietary intake. Data of the Ansan-Ansung cohort from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study were used in this study. A total of 4552 Korean adults aged 40-69 years with no history of T2DM or cancer at baseline were followed-up for 16 years. Dietary intake was assessed using a 103-item food frequency questionnaire, and new T2DM cases were defined based on the World Health Organization and International Diabetes Federation criteria. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for T2DM incidence. During the mean follow-up period of 11.97 years, 1082 (23.77%) new T2DM cases were identified. Women carrying the TT genotype of TAS2R4 rs2233998 exhibited 1.48 times higher incidence of T2DM (HR: 1.48; 95 CI: 1.13-1.93) than those carrying the CC genotype. TAS2R4 rs2233998 variants were positively associated with the incidence of T2DM among Korean women with high intakes of carbohydrates or sugars and low intakes of fruits or vegetables. TT carrier women in the highest tertile of carbohydrate or sugar intake exhibited an increased incidence of T2DM (HR: 2.08, 95% CI: 1.33-3.27 for carbohydrates; HR: 2.31, 95% CI: 1.53-3.51 for sugars) than CC carrier women. Women carrying the TT genotype in the lowest tertile exhibited an increased incidence of T2DM (HR: 1.55, 95% CI: 1.02-2.37 for vegetables; HR: 1.62, 95% CI: 1.06-2.48 for fruits) than women carrying the CC genotype in the highest tertile of vegetable or fruit consumption. However, no association was observed between TAS2R4 rs2233998 variants and dietary intake with T2DM incidence in Korean men. Our findings suggest that variants of TAS2R4 rs2233998 are associated with T2DM incidence, and their associations are strengthened by excessive intake of carbohydrates or sugars and inadequate intake of fruits or vegetables. Diet encompassing optimal intake of carbohydrates or sugars and high intake of fruits or vegetables may minimize the risk of developing T2DM.

Project description:Taste is a fundamental determinant of food selection, and inter-individual variations in taste perception may be important risk factors for poor eating habits and obesity. Characterizing differences in taste perception and their influences on dietary intake may lead to an improved understanding of obesity risk and a potential to develop personalized nutrition recommendations. This study explored associations between 93 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in sweet, fat, bitter, salt, sour, and umami taste receptors and psychophysical measures of taste. Forty-four families from the Guelph Family Health Study participated, including 60 children and 65 adults. Saliva was collected for genetic analysis and parents completed a three-day food record for their children. Parents underwent a test for suprathreshold sensitivity (ST) and taste preference (PR) for sweet, fat, salt, umami, and sour as well as a phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) taste status test. Children underwent PR tests and a PTC taste status test. Analysis of SNPs and psychophysical measures of taste yielded 23 significant associations in parents and 11 in children. After adjusting for multiple hypothesis testing, the rs713598 in the TAS2R38 bitter taste receptor gene and rs236514 in the KCNJ2 sour taste-associated gene remained significantly associated with PTC ST and sour PR in parents, respectively. In children, rs173135 in KCNJ2 and rs4790522 in the TRPV1 salt taste-associated gene remained significantly associated with sour and salt taste PRs, respectively. A multiple trait analysis of PR and nutrient composition of diet in the children revealed that rs9701796 in the TAS1R2 sweet taste receptor gene was associated with both sweet PR and percent energy from added sugar in the diet. These findings provide evidence that for bitter, sour, salt, and sweet taste, certain genetic variants are associated with taste function and may be implicated in eating patterns. (Support was provided by the Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food, and Rural Affairs).

Dataset Information

Variation in the Sweet Taste Receptor Gene and Dietary Intake in a Swedish Middle-Aged Population.

Publications

Variation in the Sweet Taste Receptor Gene and Dietary Intake in a Swedish Middle-Aged Population.

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