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A longitudinal study of the associations of children's body mass index and physical activity with blood pressure.

ABSTRACT: Childhood blood pressure is a marker of cardiovascular disease risk in later life. We examined how body mass index (BMI) and physical activity, and changes in these, are associated with blood pressure in primary school-aged children. Data are from 1223 children aged 9 years (Year 4) in Bristol, UK, 685 of whom had been assessed at 6 years (Year 1). Child height and weight were measured, and children wore accelerometers for five days, from which average counts per minute, and moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity and sedentary minutes per day were derived. At age 9 years, blood pressure was measured. Multiple imputation of missing data and adjusted linear regression models were used to examine associations. Child BMI at 9 years was cross-sectionally associated with higher systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure (mean difference [95% CI]: 1.10 [0.34, 1.87] mmHg and 0.86 [0.13, 1.60] mmHg, respectively, per SD of BMI). Prospective associations of BMI at age 6 with blood pressure at age 9 were consistent with these cross-sectional associations. However, change in BMI between 6 and 9 years was not strongly associated with subsequent SBP or DBP (0.68 [-0.61, 1.98] mmHg and 1.23 [-0.09, 2.54] mmHg, respectively). There was little evidence that physical activity or sedentary time were associated with blood pressure in either cross-sectional or prospective analyses. Greater childhood BMI is associated with higher blood pressure, and this association persists over several years. Prevention of excessive bodyweight from early childhood may be important in stemming the development of cardiovascular risk.

SUBMITTER: Macdonald-Wallis C

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5736182 | biostudies-literature | 2017

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A longitudinal study of the associations of children's body mass index and physical activity with blood pressure.

Macdonald-Wallis Corrie C Solomon-Moore Emma E Solomon-Moore Emma E Sebire Simon J SJ Thompson Janice L JL Lawlor Deborah A DA Jago Russell R

PloS one 20171219 12

Childhood blood pressure is a marker of cardiovascular disease risk in later life. We examined how body mass index (BMI) and physical activity, and changes in these, are associated with blood pressure in primary school-aged children. Data are from 1223 children aged 9 years (Year 4) in Bristol, UK, 685 of whom had been assessed at 6 years (Year 1). Child height and weight were measured, and children wore accelerometers for five days, from which average counts per minute, and moderate-to-vigorous ...[more]

PMID: 29261666

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Project description:BackgroundThe majority of obese children lives in developing countries. The ten-fold increase in obesity during the last four decades necessitates the implementation of interventions to mitigate the longterm effect of obesity into adulthood. The study aimed to determine the impact of physical activity and nutrition intervention on the body mass index (BMI), blood pressure and selected biochemical factors of overweight and obese children aged 13.0 to 16.1 years from eThekweni, South Africa.MethodsParticipants (N = 41) with a BMI >85th percentile were included in the 10-week controlled trial of physical activity and nutrition education intervention. Baseline and end measurements included BMI, blood pressure, and fasting biochemical variables (glucose, cholesterol, insulin resistance and alanine aminotransferase). BMI was classified according to the WHO BMI z-scores. The 10-week intervention entailed combined aerobic and resistance exercises supervised twice a week together with a once a week nutrition intervention. Participants performed additional unsupervised aerobic exercises three times a week.FindingsElevated systolic blood pressure (52%), low-density lipoprotein levels (29%), insulin (17%) and insulin resistance values (15%) were identified. The 10-week intervention programme significantly decreased BMI (30.8 ± 5.4 kg/m2 to 29.8 ± 5.7 kg/m2; p < 0.01), systolic blood pressure (125.9 ± 15.7 mmHg to 115.2 ± 12.4 mmHg; p < 0.05), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (2.63 mmol/L to 2.37 mmol/L; p < 0.05). Controlling for pre-testing variables as covariates, additional ANCOVA analysis highlighted significantly lower BMI (M = 28.33, F = 7.88, p < 0.05) and BMI z-scores (M = 2.08, F = 4.99, p < 0.05) in the intervention group post-testing.ConclusionA 10-week physical activity and nutrition education intervention in overweight and obese adolescents significantly reduced BMI and showed trends of a decrease in blood pressure and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.

Dataset Information

A longitudinal study of the associations of children's body mass index and physical activity with blood pressure.

Publications

A longitudinal study of the associations of children's body mass index and physical activity with blood pressure.

Similar Datasets

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