Rain-fed agriculture thrived despite climate degradation in the pre-Hispanic arid Andes.

ABSTRACT: Archaeological research suggests significant human occupation in the arid Andean highlands during the 13th to 15th centuries, whereas paleoclimatic studies reveal prolonged drier and colder conditions during that period. Which subsistence strategy supported local societies in this harsh environment? Our field and aerial surveys of archaeological dwelling sites, granaries, and croplands provide the first evidence of extended pre-Hispanic agriculture supporting dense human populations in the arid Andes of Bolivia. This unique agricultural system associated with quinoa cultivation was unirrigated, consisting of simple yet extensive landscape modifications. It relied on highly specific environmental knowledge and a set of water-saving practices, including microterracing and biennial fallowing.

SUBMITTER: Cruz P 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5738230 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature