Gene × Environment Determinants of Stress- and Anxiety-Related Disorders.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Sharma S
PROVIDER: S-EPMC5739029 | biostudies-literature | 2016
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
Gene × Environment Determinants of Stress- and Anxiety-Related Disorders.
Sharma Sumeet S Powers Abigail A Bradley Bekh B Ressler Kerry J KJ
Annual review of psychology 20151006
The burgeoning field of gene-by-environment (G×E) interactions has revealed fascinating biological insights, particularly in the realm of stress-, anxiety-, and depression-related disorders. In this review we present an integrated view of the study of G×E interactions in stress and anxiety disorders, including the evolution of genetic association studies from genetic epidemiology to contemporary large-scale genome-wide association studies and G×E studies. We convey the importance of consortia ef ...[more]
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Project description:BackgroundThe general understanding of the 'vulnerability-stress model' of mental disorders neglects the modifying impact of resilience-increasing factors such as coping ability.AimsProbing a conceptual framework integrating both adverse events and coping factors in an extended 'vulnerability-stress-coping model' of mental disorders, the effects of functional neuropeptide S receptor gene (NPSR1) variation (G), early adversity (E) and coping factors (C) on anxiety were addressed in a three-dimensional G × E × C model.MethodIn two independent samples of healthy probands (discovery: n = 1403; replication: n = 630), the interaction of NPSR1 rs324981, childhood trauma (Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, CTQ) and general self-efficacy as a measure of coping ability (General Self-Efficacy Scale, GSE) on trait anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory) was investigated via hierarchical multiple regression analyses.ResultsIn both samples, trait anxiety differed as a function of NPSR1 genotype, CTQ and GSE score (discovery: β = 0.129, P = 3.938 × 10-8; replication: β = 0.102, P = 0.020). In A allele carriers, the relationship between childhood trauma and anxiety was moderated by general self-efficacy: higher self-efficacy and childhood trauma resulted in low anxiety scores, and lower self-efficacy and childhood trauma in higher anxiety levels. In turn, TT homozygotes displayed increased anxiety as a function of childhood adversity unaffected by general self-efficacy.ConclusionsFunctional NPSR1 variation and childhood trauma are suggested as prime moderators in the vulnerability-stress model of anxiety, further modified by the protective effect of self-efficacy. This G × E × C approach - introducing coping as an additional dimension further shaping a G × E risk constellation, thus suggesting a three-dimensional 'vulnerability-stress-coping model' of mental disorders - might inform targeted preventive or therapeutic interventions strengthening coping ability to promote resilient functioning.
| S-EPMC7589989 | biostudies-literature