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Predicting substituent effects on activation energy changes by static catalytic fields.

ABSTRACT: Catalytic fields illustrate topology of the optimal charge distribution of a molecular environment reducing the activation energy for any process involving barrier crossing, like chemical reaction, bond rotation etc. Until now, this technique has been successfully applied to predict catalytic effects resulting from intermolecular interactions with individual water molecules constituting the first hydration shell, aminoacid mutations in enzymes or Si?Al substitutions in zeolites. In this contribution, hydrogen to fluorine (H?F) substitution effects for two model reactions have been examined indicating qualitative applicability of the catalytic field concept in the case of systems involving intramolecular interactions. Graphical abstract Hydrogen to fluorine (H?F) substitution effects on activation energy in [kcal/mol].

SUBMITTER: Chojnacka M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5741779 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Predicting substituent effects on activation energy changes by static catalytic fields.

Chojnacka Martyna M Feliks Mikolaj M Beker Wiktor W Sokalski W Andrzej WA

Journal of molecular modeling 20171222 1

Catalytic fields illustrate topology of the optimal charge distribution of a molecular environment reducing the activation energy for any process involving barrier crossing, like chemical reaction, bond rotation etc. Until now, this technique has been successfully applied to predict catalytic effects resulting from intermolecular interactions with individual water molecules constituting the first hydration shell, aminoacid mutations in enzymes or Si→Al substitutions in zeolites. In this contribu ...[more]

PMID: 29274012

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Project description:Drug permeability is often a limiting step in drug action, requiring chemical optimization of a drug candidate to improve this property. Such optimization is typically performed in the context of a congeneric series, where substituents are varied to optimize the target property. Motivated by this need the present work examines the influence of chemical substituents on passive permeability (log P pass) across parallel artificial membranes (PAMPA) undertaken for three congeneric series of compounds; benzoic acids, pyridines and quinolines. PAMPA showed pyridine and quinoline to have high permeability and chemical substituents to typically reduce the permeability. On the contrary, benzoic acid showed poor permeability and chemical substituents typically increased the permeability. To quantitate these effects with respect to physical properties, models were built to explain and predict the permeability of these classes of compounds based on computed molecular descriptors. Models for the benzoic acid series in the ionized state indicated the solvent accessible surface area, cavity dispersion and the free energy of solvation in hexane as well as in water to dominate permeability. However, when the acid group is treated as neutral, the free energy of solvation in water, the fraction polar surface area, the polar surface area and difference in the free energy of solvation between hexane and water were important; these terms, among others, were also important for the neutral pyridine-quinoline series. Considering that the permeability of the benzoic acid series is about 2 orders of magnitude lower than the pyridines and quinolines and that a shift of approximately two pH units in the p K a of the acid group of benzoic acid will allow for the neutral species of the molecule to dominate under experimental conditions (pH = 6.5), these results suggest that the additional energy barrier associated with permeation of the benzoic acid series is associated with the need to protonate the acidic group, thereby forming the neutral species which may then cross the hydrophobic region of the membrane.

Dataset Information

Predicting substituent effects on activation energy changes by static catalytic fields.

Publications

Predicting substituent effects on activation energy changes by static catalytic fields.

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