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Regionally variant collagen alignment correlates with viscoelastic properties of the disc of the human temporomandibular joint.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE:To determine the regionally variant quality of collagen alignment in human TMJ discs and its statistical correlation with viscoelastic properties. DESIGN:For quantitative analysis of the quality of collagen alignment, horizontal sections of human TMJ discs with Pricrosirius Red staining were imaged under circularly polarized microscopy. Mean angle and angular deviation of collagen fibers in each region were analyzed using a well-established automated image-processing for angular gradient. Instantaneous and relaxation moduli of each disc region were measured under stress-relaxation test both in tensile and compression. Then Spearman correlation analysis was performed between the angular deviation and the moduli. To understand the effect of glycosaminoglycans on the correlation, TMJ disc samples were treated by chondroitinase ABC (C-ABC). RESULTS:Our imaging processing analysis showed the region-variant direction of collagen alignment, consistently with previous findings. Interestingly, the quality of collagen alignment, not only the directions, was significantly different in between the regions. The angular deviation of fiber alignment in the anterior and intermediate regions were significantly smaller than the posterior region. Medial and lateral regions showed significantly bigger angular deviation than all the other regions. The regionally variant angular deviation values showed statistically significant correlation with the tensile instantaneous modulus and the relaxation modulus, partially dependent on C-ABC treatment. CONCLUSION:Our findings suggest the region-variant degree of collagen fiber alignment is likely attributed to the heterogeneous viscoelastic properties of TMJ disc that may have significant implications in development of regenerative therapy for TMJ disc.

SUBMITTER: Gutman S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5745264 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Regionally variant collagen alignment correlates with viscoelastic properties of the disc of the human temporomandibular joint.

Gutman Shawn S Kim Daniel D Tarafder Solaiman S Velez Sergio S Jeong Julia J Lee Chang H CH

Archives of oral biology 20171108

<h4>Objective</h4>To determine the regionally variant quality of collagen alignment in human TMJ discs and its statistical correlation with viscoelastic properties.<h4>Design</h4>For quantitative analysis of the quality of collagen alignment, horizontal sections of human TMJ discs with Pricrosirius Red staining were imaged under circularly polarized microscopy. Mean angle and angular deviation of collagen fibers in each region were analyzed using a well-established automated image-processing for ...[more]

PMID: 29128675

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Project description:For many years there has been a keen interest in developing regenerative treatment for temporomandibular joint-osteoarthritis (TMJ-OA). Currently, there is no consensus treatment due to the limited self-healing ability of articular cartilage and lack of understanding of the complex mechanisms regulating cartilage development in the TMJ. Endochondral ossification, the process of subchondral bone formation through chondrocyte differentiation, is critical for TMJ growth and development, and is tightly regulated by the composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Type VI collagen is a highly expressed ECM component in the TMJ cartilage, yet its specific functions are largely unknown. In this study, we investigated α2(VI)-deficient (Col6a2-knockout [KO]) mice, which are unable to secret or incorporate type VI collagen into their ECM. Compared with wild-type (WT) mice, the TMJ condyles of Col6a2-KO mice exhibit decreased bone volume/tissue volume (BV/TV) and a larger bone marrow space, suggesting the α2(VI)-deficient condyles have a failure in endochondral ossification. Differentiating chondrocytes are the main source of bone cells during endochondral ossification. Our study shows there is an increased number of chondrocytes in the proliferative zone and decreased Col10-expressing chondrocytes in Col6a2-KO cartilage, all pointing to abnormal chondrocyte differentiation and maturation. In addition, RNA sequencing (RNAseq) analysis identified distinct gene expression profiles related to cell cycle and ECM organization that were altered in the mutant condyles. These data also suggest that bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) activity was deregulated during chondrocyte differentiation. Immunohistochemical analysis indicated an upregulation of Col2 and Acan expression in Col6a2-KO cartilage. Moreover, the expression of pSmad1/5/8 and Runx2 was decreased in the Col6a2-KO cartilage compared with WT controls. Taken together, our data indicate that type VI collagen expressed in the TMJ cartilage is important for endochondral ossification, possibly by modulating the ECM and altering/disrupting signaling pathways important for TMJ chondrocyte differentiation. Published 2022. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

Project description:Temporomandibular dysfunction involving anterior disc derangement with or without reduction, secondary to posterior ligament insufficiency is typically managed conservatively with success in a majority of patients. When conservative management fails, the next step in the continuum of care is unclear. Platelet-rich plasma injection combined with a 3-week immobilization period may be effective in treating posterior ligament insufficiency following a period of physical therapy. The result of this case was exceptionally successful, with the patient reporting 100% improvement 6 months post-injection. Prior to this case, we predicted a 20% success rate based on her inability to maintain the effects of conservative management over the long term.A 33-year-old white woman presented with temporomandibular dysfunction, which responded to an initial course of physical therapy aimed at restoring the mechanics of her temporomandibular joint, exercise management, and education on self-management strategies. She returned 20 months later and responded well to another course of physical therapy. Despite improvement in pain, range of motion, and mechanics, she continued to present with a reduction click at the end range of opening. The crisp and loud nature of the reduction click indicated a viable posterior ligament and reduction of the anteriorly displaced disc. She opted for platelet-rich plasma injection, provided by a chronic pain specialist with the assistance of a physical therapist. She was immobilized for 3 weeks, followed by a weaning period with reduced posterior support for an additional 5 weeks. Follow-up appointments with a physical therapist occurred at 3 weeks, 8 weeks, and 6 months post-injection.At 6 months, she reported 100% improvement. Objectively, there was no indication that the disc condyle relationship was disrupted. At 6 months post-platelet-rich plasma injection, preceded by a period of conservative physical therapy management, and followed with appropriate physical therapy follow-up, this individual had complete resolution of her anterior disc derangement with reduction.

Dataset Information

Regionally variant collagen alignment correlates with viscoelastic properties of the disc of the human temporomandibular joint.

Publications

Regionally variant collagen alignment correlates with viscoelastic properties of the disc of the human temporomandibular joint.

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