Dataset Information

A Proteomic Approach to Investigate the Drought Response in the Orphan Crop Eragrostis tef.

ABSTRACT: The orphan crop, Eragrostis tef, was subjected to controlled drought conditions to observe the physiological parameters and proteins changing in response to dehydration stress. Physiological measurements involving electrolyte leakage, chlorophyll fluorescence and ultra-structural analysis showed tef plants tolerated water loss to 50% relative water content (RWC) before adverse effects in leaf tissues were observed. Proteomic analysis using isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) mass spectrometry and appropriate database searching enabled the detection of 5727 proteins, of which 211 proteins, including a number of spliced variants, were found to be differentially regulated with the imposed stress conditions. Validation of the iTRAQ dataset was done with selected stress-related proteins, fructose-bisphosphate aldolase (FBA) and the protective antioxidant proteins, monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR) and peroxidase (POX). Western blot analyses confirmed protein presence and showed increased protein abundance levels during water deficit while enzymatic activity for FBA, MDHAR and POX increased at selected RWC points. Gene ontology (GO)-term enrichment and analysis revealed terms involved in biotic and abiotic stress response, signaling, transport, cellular homeostasis and pentose metabolic processes, to be enriched in tef upregulated proteins, while terms linked to reactive oxygen species (ROS)-producing processes under water-deficit, such as photosynthesis and associated light harvesting reactions, manganese transport and homeostasis, the synthesis of sugars and cell wall catabolism and modification, to be enriched in tef downregulated proteins.

SUBMITTER: Kamies R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5748567 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A Proteomic Approach to Investigate the Drought Response in the Orphan Crop Eragrostis tef.

Kamies Rizqah R Farrant Jill M JM Tadele Zerihun Z Cannarozzi Gina G Rafudeen Mohammed Suhail MS

Proteomes 20171115 4

The orphan crop, <i>Eragrostis tef</i>, was subjected to controlled drought conditions to observe the physiological parameters and proteins changing in response to dehydration stress. Physiological measurements involving electrolyte leakage, chlorophyll fluorescence and ultra-structural analysis showed tef plants tolerated water loss to 50% relative water content (RWC) before adverse effects in leaf tissues were observed. Proteomic analysis using isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantifica ...[more]

PMID: 29140297

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Project description:Silicon (Si) is one of the beneficial plant mineral nutrients which is known to improve biotic and abiotic stress resilience and productivity in several crops. However, its beneficial role in underutilized or "orphan" crop such as tef [Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter] has never been studied before. In this study, we investigated the effect of Si application on tef plant performance. Plants were grown in soil with or without exogenous application of Na2SiO3 (0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, and 5.0 mM), and biomass and grain yield, mineral content, chlorophyll content, plant height, and expression patterns of putative Si transporter genes were studied. Silicon application significantly increased grain yield (100%) at 3.0 mM Si, and aboveground biomass yield by 45% at 5.0 mM Si, while it had no effect on plant height. The observed increase in grain yield appears to be due to enhanced stress resilience and increased total chlorophyll content. Increasing the level of Si increased shoot Si and Na content while it significantly decreased the content of other minerals including K, Ca, Mg, P, S, Fe, and Mn in the shoot, which is likely due to the use of Na containing Si amendment. A slight decrease in grain Ca, P, S, and Mn was also observed with increasing Si treatment. The increase in Si content with increasing Si levels prompted us to analyze the expression of Si transporter genes. The tef genome contains seven putative Si transporters which showed high homology with influx and efflux Lsi transporters reported in various plant species including rice. The tef Lsi homologs were deferentially expressed between tissues (roots, leaves, nodes, and inflorescences) and in response to Si, suggesting that they may play a role in Si uptake and/or translocation. Taken together, these results show that Si application improves stress resilience and yield and regulates the expression of putative Si transporter genes. However, further study is needed to determine the physiological function of the putative Si transporters, and to study the effect of field application of Si on tef productivity.

Project description:Tef (Eragrostis tef) is an orphan crop that is widely grown in East Africa, primarily in Ethiopia as a staple crop. It is becoming popular in the Western world owing to its nutritious and gluten-free grains and the forage quality of its biomass. Tef is also considered to have a high antioxidant capacity based on cell-free studies. However, the antioxidant activity of tef has never been validated using a physiologically relevant cell model. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antioxidant capacity of tef grain extracts using a mammalian cell model. We hypothesized that the tef grain extracts are capable of modulating the cellular antioxidant response via the modulation of glutathione (GSH) biosynthetic pathways. Therefore, we evaluated the antioxidant activity of purified tef grain extracts in the human acute monocytic leukemia (THP-1) cell line. Our findings revealed that the organic fraction of grain extracts increased the cellular GSH level, which was more evident for brown-colored tef than the ivory variety. Moreover, a brown-tef fraction increased the expressions of GSH-pathway genes, including γ-glutamate cysteine ligase catalytic (GCLC) and modifier (GCLM) subunits and glutathione reductase (GR), an enzyme that plays a key role in GSH biosynthesis, suggesting that tef extracts may modulate GSH metabolism. Several compounds were uniquely identified via mass spectrometry (MS) in GSH-modulating brown-tef samples, including 4-oxo-β-apo-13-carotenone, γ-linolenic acid (methyl ester), 4,4′-(2,3-dimethyl-1,4-butanediyl)bis-phenol (also referred to as 8,8′-lignan-4,4′-diol), and (3β)-3-[[2-[4-(Acetylamino)phenoxy]acetyl]oxy]olean-12-en-28-oic acid. Tef possesses antioxidant activity due to the presence of phytochemicals that can act as direct antioxidants, as well as modulators of antioxidant-response genes, indicating its potential role in alleviating diseases triggered by oxidative stresses. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report revealing the antioxidant ability of tef extracts in a physiologically relevant human cell model.

Dataset Information

A Proteomic Approach to Investigate the Drought Response in the Orphan Crop Eragrostis tef.

Publications

A Proteomic Approach to Investigate the Drought Response in the Orphan Crop Eragrostis tef.

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