Differences in carbon source usage by dental plaque in children with and without early childhood caries
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Zhao Y
PROVIDER: S-EPMC5750455 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Dec
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Similar Datasets
Project description:Increasing lines of evidence indicate that while microbial profile might vary, community-level metabolic potential is often more stably correlated with healthy and diseased states. Here, we investigated the community-level metabolic diversity of dental plaque microbiota from caries-free (CF) and caries-affected (CA) children by measuring their sole carbon source utilization using a Biolog assay. The dietary habits of 32 CF and 31 CA children were recorded by a questionnaire. Supragingival plaque samples were collected and inoculated into Biolog AN Microplates to assess the metabolism of sole carbon sources by plaque bacteria. The results revealed significant differences in dietary habits between CF and CA children. Meanwhile, Biolog assay showed consistently higher, albeit not statistically significant, overall metabolic activity as measured by average well color development (AWCD) value in the plaque microbiota from CA group than CF group. Most importantly, the CA group had more than twice as many core-positive carbon sources (defined as being utilized by >90% of plaque microbiota from subjects within the group) as that of the CF group (31 vs. 14), including CA group-specific, cariogenic core-positive carbon sources such as sucrose, glucose and raffinose. Furthermore, CF and CA groups could be well distinguished by cluster and principle component analyses based on the types of sole carbon sources significantly differentially utilized by the two groups. Our results indicate that plaque communities associated with caries state are more metabolically versatile than those associated with healthy state, which could contribute to differential clinical caries states. Meanwhile, Biolog could be an effective tool in revealing the community-level physiological profiles of microbiota associated with different caries states.
| S-EPMC7100615 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundSevere early childhood caries (S-ECC) is mainly caused by the interaction of microbiota and environmental factors. However, the metabolic profiles of S-ECC microbial communities and the community-level microbial responses to carbohydrates and amino acids are poorly understood.MethodsWe collected supragingival plaques from 15 caries-free (CF) and 14 S-ECC children. Cultivation on Biolog AN microplates together with next-generation sequencing was used to analyze sole carbon source utilization patterns and microbial responses to sucrose, lactose and phenylalanine.ResultsS-ECC plaques had greater overall metabolic activity than those of CF ones. Comparing with CF, S-ECC plaques utilized more sucrose and lactose but less phenylalanine and then had greater response to carbohydrates. A remarkable increase of non-mutans Streptococci was observed in sucrose and lactose consumption. Lactose led to less differently distributed taxa than sucrose in both CF and S-ECC groups. Sucrose made the originally different S-ECC and CF communities eventually became similar to each other, but they remained dissimilar in lactose.ConclusionS-ECC plaques had more active interaction with cariogenic carbohydrates like sucrose and lactose than healthy plaques. We supported lactose has less cariogenicity compared with sucrose from microbial community structural aspect. Phenylalanine may have a potentially inhibitory effect on caries development.
| S-EPMC7482870 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The study aims to assess gene expression in plaque samples collected from twin pairs that are both concordant and discordant with respect to dental Caries diagnosis. File Naming Conventions are as follows: Patient ID : 4 digit identifier Diagnosis : Caries Negative(CN) or Caries Positive(CP) Type of Twin: Monozygotic(MZ)or Dizygotic(DZ) Pair to xxxx: 4 digit twin identifier maps to the Patient ID E.g: 2126_CP_MZ_PairTo_2125_fastqc - 2126 is a caries positive patient and pairs to monozygotic twin pair 2125. Plaque samples from twin pairs that are both concordant and discordant with respect to dental Caries diagnosis are enriched for bacterial messenger RNA to study the gene expression differences in the samples. RNA was extracted from RNAprotect (Qiagen, In c.) treated dental plaque scrapings from 38 patients. Amplified cDNA was created and rRNA sequence was removed by subtractive hybridization. Individual patient samples were run on a single lane of an Illumina Genome Analyzer.
2011-09-26 | E-GEOD-31439 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The study aims to assess gene expression in plaque samples collected from twin pairs that are both concordant and discordant with respect to dental Caries diagnosis. File Naming Conventions are as follows: Patient ID : 4 digit identifier Diagnosis : Caries Negative(CN) or Caries Positive(CP) Type of Twin: Monozygotic(MZ)or Dizygotic(DZ) Pair to xxxx: 4 digit twin identifier maps to the Patient ID E.g: 2126_CP_MZ_PairTo_2125_fastqc - 2126 is a caries positive patient and pairs to monozygotic twin pair 2125. Plaque samples from twin pairs that are both concordant and discordant with respect to dental Caries diagnosis are enriched for bacterial messenger RNA to study the gene expression differences in the samples.
2011-09-26 | GSE31439 | GEO
Project description:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Bacterial invasion into pulps of primary teeth can lead to infection and premature tooth loss in children. This pilot study aimed to explore whether the microbiota of carious exposures of dental pulps resembles that of carious dentin or that of infected root canals. DESIGN:Children with severe early childhood caries were studied. Children were consented and extent of caries, plaque, and gingivitis measured. Bacteria were sampled from carious lesion biofilms and vital carious exposures of pulps, and processed by anaerobic culture. Isolates were characterized from partial sequences of the 16S rRNA gene and identified by comparison with taxa in the Human Oral Microbiome Database (http://www.HOMD.org). The microbiotas of carious lesions and dental pulps were compared using univariate and multivariate approaches. RESULTS:The microbiota of cariously exposed pulps was similar in composition to that of carious lesion biofilms except that fewer species/taxa were identified from pulps. The major taxa identified belonged to the phyla Firmicutes (mainly streptococci) and Actinobacteria (mainly Actinomyces species). Actinomyces and Selenomonas species were associated with carious lesions whereas Veillonella species, particularly Veillonella dispar was associated with pulps. Other bacteria detected in pulps included Streptococcus mutans, Parascardovia denticolens, Bifidobacterium longum, and several Lactobacillus and Actinomyces species. By principal, component analysis pulp microbiotas grouped together, whereas those in caries biofilms were widely dispersed. CONCLUSIONS:We conclude that the microbiota of cariously exposed vital primary pulps is composed of a subset of species associated with carious lesions. Vital primary pulps had a dominant Firmicutes and Actinobacteria microbiota which contrasts with reports of endodontic infections which can harbor a gram-negative microbiota. The microbiota of exposed primary pulps may provide insight into bacterial species at the forefront of caries invasion in dentinal lesions that can invade into the pulp and the nature of species that need suppressing for successful pulp therapy.
| S-EPMC4317471 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND:The aim of this longitudinal study was to evaluate the oral microbiota in children from age 3 months to 3 years, and to determine the association of the presence of caries at 3 years of age. METHODS AND FINDINGS:Oral biofilms and saliva were sampled from children at 3 months (n = 207) and 3 years (n = 155) of age, and dental caries was scored at 3 years of age. Oral microbiota was assessed by culturing of total lactobacilli and mutans streptococci, PCR detection of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus, 454 pyrosequencing and HOMIM (Human Oral Microbe Identification Microarray) microarray detection of more then 300 species/ phylotypes. Species richness and taxa diversity significantly increased from 3 months to 3 years. Three bacterial genera, present in all the 3-month-old infants, persisted at 3 years of age, whereas three other genera had disappeared by this age. A large number of new taxa were also observed in the 3-year-olds. The microbiota at 3 months of age, except for lactobacilli, was unrelated to caries development at a later age. In contrast, several taxa in the oral biofilms of the 3-year-olds were linked with the presence or absence of caries. The main species/phylotypes associated with caries in 3-year-olds belonged to the Actinobaculum, Atopobium, Aggregatibacter, and Streptococcus genera, whereas those influencing the absence of caries belonged to the Actinomyces, Bergeyella, Campylobacter, Granulicatella, Kingella, Leptotrichia, and Streptococcus genera. CONCLUSIONS:Thus, during the first years of life, species richness and taxa diversity in the mouth increase significantly. Besides the more prevalent colonization of lactobacilli, the composition of the overall microbiota at 3 months of age was unrelated to caries development at a later age. Several taxa within the oral biofilms of the 3-year-olds could be linked to the presence or absence of caries.
| S-EPMC4447273 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Dental caries are one of the chronic diseases caused by organic acids made from oral microbes. However, there was a lack of knowledge about the oral microbiome of Korean children. The aim of this study was to analyze the metagenome data of the oral microbiome obtained from Korean children and to discover bacteria highly related to dental caries with machine learning models. Saliva and plaque samples from 120 Korean children aged below 12 years were collected. Bacterial composition was identified using Illumina HiSeq sequencing based on the V3-V4 hypervariable region of the 16S rRNA gene. Ten major genera accounted for approximately 70% of the samples on average, including Streptococcus, Neisseria, Corynebacterium, and Fusobacterium. Differential abundant analyses revealed that Scardovia wiggsiae and Leptotrichia wadei were enriched in the caries samples, while Neisseria oralis was abundant in the non-caries samples of children aged below 6 years. The caries and non-caries samples of children aged 6-12 years were enriched in Streptococcus mutans and Corynebacterium durum, respectively. The machine learning models based on these differentially enriched taxa showed accuracies of up to 83%. These results confirmed significant alterations in the oral microbiome according to dental caries and age, and these differences can be used as diagnostic biomarkers.
| S-EPMC8393408 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Due to the complex microecology and microenvironment of dental plaque, novel caries prevention strategies require modulating the microbial communities ecologically and reducing the cariogenic properties effectively. Antimicrobial peptide GH12 reduced the lactic acid production and exopolysaccharide (EPS) synthesis of a Streptococcus mutans biofilm and a three-species biofilm in vitro in previous studies. However, the anticaries effects and microecological effects of GH12 remained to be investigated in a complex biofilm model in vitro and an animal caries model in vivo In the present study, GH12 at 64?mg/liter showed the most effective inhibition of lactic acid production, EPS synthesis, pH decline, and biofilm integrity of human dental plaque-derived multispecies biofilms in vitro, and GH12 at 64?mg/liter was therefore chosen for use in subsequent in vitro and in vivo assays. When treated with 64-mg/liter GH12, the dental plaque-derived multispecies biofilms sampled from healthy volunteers maintained its microbial diversity and showed a microbial community structure similar to that of the control group. In the rat caries model with a caries-promoting diet, 64-mg/liter GH12 regulated the microbiota of dental plaque, in which the abundance of caries-associated bacteria was decreased and the abundance of commensal bacteria was increased. In addition, 64-mg/liter GH12 significantly reduced the caries scores of sulcal and smooth surface caries in all locations. In conclusion, GH12 inhibited the cariogenic properties of dental plaque without perturbing the dental plaque microbiota of healthy individuals and GH12 regulated the dysbiotic microbial ecology and arrested caries development under cariogenic conditions.IMPORTANCE The anticaries effects and microecological regulation effects of the antimicrobial peptide GH12 were evaluated systematically in vitro and in vivo GH12 inhibited the cariogenic virulence of dental plaque without overintervening in the microbial ecology of healthy individuals in vitro GH12 regulated the microbial ecology of dental plaque to a certain extent in vivo under cariogenic conditions, increased the proportion of commensal bacteria, and decreased the abundance of caries-associated bacteria. GH12 significantly suppressed the incidence and severity of dental caries in vivo This study thus describes an alternative antimicrobial therapy for dental caries.
| S-EPMC7357485 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectivesDental caries is a highly prevalent infectious disease that causes tooth decay. While no single bacterial species is causative of dental caries, the role of the oral microbiome in oral health and caries is gaining interest. The purpose of this study is to compare the major species present in whole saliva samples from caries-free and caries-active children using the IBIS Universal Biosensor.Material and methodsThe abundant microbial species in ninety-five whole saliva samples from caries-free and caries-active subjects were characterized using the IBIS Universal Biosensor.ResultsTwenty-four genera and sixty-five species were detected. Candida and Streptococcus were common across samples, and often the dominant genus. While we did not observe a strong association between the most abundant species and oral health, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron and Rothia mucilaginosa were enriched in children with active caries; while, Staphylococcus epidermidis was enriched in caries-free children.ConclusionsThese study trends observed suggest that microbial markers in saliva may serve as predictors of oral health and thus aid in diagnosis and treatments for prevention of caries. Consistent with competitive interactions, we also observed negative associations between Streptococcus pneumoniae and other streptococcal species, Staphylococcus aureus and S. epidermidis, Candida and Neisseria, and Saccharomyces and Streptococcus.
| S-EPMC6704248 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Caries is one of the most prevalent infectious diseases worldwide and is driven by the dysbiosis of dental biofilms adhering to tooth surfaces. The pits and fissured surfaces are the most susceptible sites of caries. However, information on the taxonomic composition and functional characteristics of the plaque microbiota in the pit and fissure sites is very limited. This study aimed to use metagenomic sequencing analyses to investigate the relationship between the plaque microbiome in the pit and fissure site and caries in adolescents. A total of 20 adolescents with active pit and fissure surface caries were involved as well as 20 age-matched, caries-free teenagers for control tests. Plaque samples were collected from the pit and fissure site and were subjected to metagenomic analyses, in which the microbial communities were investigated. Our results showed that the microbiota diversity was similar between those two groups. At the species level, the relative abundances of A. gerencseriae, P. acidifaciens, P. multisaccharivorax, S. oralis, S. mutans, and P. denticolens were higher in the caries-active group. N. elongata, C. hominis, and A. johnsonii were relatively more abundant in the caries-free groups. Functional analysis suggested that the metabolic pathway was the most abundant pathway, and the functional traits of the level 2 pathways included amino acid metabolism, metabolism of cofactors, and vitamins and carbohydrate metabolism. Our results also revealed that the caries group displayed several alterations in metabolic pathways, including enriched functions in carbohydrate digestion and absorption. This study suggested that in addition to the specific anatomical structures of the pit and fissured surfaces, the fundamental differences in the plaque microbiome may also be related to the susceptibility of pit and fissure caries.
| S-EPMC8579706 | biostudies-literature