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Fucoxanthin and Its Metabolite Fucoxanthinol Do Not Induce Browning in Human Adipocytes.

ABSTRACT: Rodent studies suggest that the antiobesity effects of fucoxanthin relate to activation of brown fat and conversion of white adipocytes to the brown phenotype. To evaluate the browning effect in human adipocytes, we investigated the genes involved in browning and measured the oxygen consumption rate (OCR). Data were analyzed by one way ANOVA. Relative to control, fucoxanthinol (1 ?M, 0.1 ?M, 0.01 ?M, 1 nM, 0.1 nM), the metabolite present in human plasma, stimulated lipolysis acutely (mean ± SEM: 4.2 ± 0.8, 3.1 ± 0.6, 4.1 ± 0.9, 3.8 ± 0.7, 3.8 ± 0.7, respectively, p < 0.01). There was no effect on OCR or the mRNA expression of UCP1, CPT-1?, and GLUT4, the genes associated with browning of adipose tissue, when human adipocytes were treated with fucoxanthin or fucoxanthinol. -mRNA expression of PGC-1?, PPAR?, PPAR?, PDK4, FAS, and the lipolytic enzymes was not significantly altered by fucoxanthinol treatment (p > 0.05). Thus, in human adipocytes, fucoxanthin and its metabolite do not stimulate conversion of white adipocytes to the brown phenotype.

SUBMITTER: Rebello CJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5751931 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Fucoxanthin and Its Metabolite Fucoxanthinol Do Not Induce Browning in Human Adipocytes.

Rebello Candida J CJ Greenway Frank L FL Johnson William D WD Ribnicky David D Poulev Alexander A Stadler Krisztian K Coulter Ann A AA

Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 20171208 50

Rodent studies suggest that the antiobesity effects of fucoxanthin relate to activation of brown fat and conversion of white adipocytes to the brown phenotype. To evaluate the browning effect in human adipocytes, we investigated the genes involved in browning and measured the oxygen consumption rate (OCR). Data were analyzed by one way ANOVA. Relative to control, fucoxanthinol (1 μM, 0.1 μM, 0.01 μM, 1 nM, 0.1 nM), the metabolite present in human plasma, stimulated lipolysis acutely (mean ± SEM: ...[more]

PMID: 29172481

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Project description:Dysfunctional adipose tissue (AT) is known to contribute to the pathophysiology of metabolic disease, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This dysfunction may occur, in part, as a consequence of gut-derived endotoxaemia inducing changes in adipocyte mitochondrial function and reducing the proportion of BRITE (brown-in-white) adipocytes. Therefore, the present study investigated whether endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide; LPS) directly contributes to impaired human adipocyte mitochondrial function and browning in human adipocytes, and the relevant impact of obesity status pre and post bariatric surgery. Human differentiated abdominal subcutaneous (AbdSc) adipocytes from participants with obesity and normal-weight participants were treated with endotoxin to assess in vitro changes in mitochondrial function and BRITE phenotype. Ex vivo human AbdSc AT from different groups of participants (normal-weight, obesity, pre- and 6 months post-bariatric surgery) were assessed for similar analyses including circulating endotoxin levels. Ex vivo AT analysis (lean & obese, weight loss post-bariatric surgery) identified that systemic endotoxin negatively correlated with BAT gene expression (p < 0.05). In vitro endotoxin treatment of AbdSc adipocytes (lean & obese) reduced mitochondrial dynamics (74.6% reduction; p < 0.0001), biogenesis (81.2% reduction; p < 0.0001) and the BRITE phenotype (93.8% reduction; p < 0.0001). Lean AbdSc adipocytes were more responsive to adrenergic signalling than obese AbdSc adipocytes; although endotoxin mitigated this response (92.6% reduction; p < 0.0001). Taken together, these data suggest that systemic gut-derived endotoxaemia contributes to both individual adipocyte dysfunction and reduced browning capacity of the adipocyte cell population, exacerbating metabolic consequences. As bariatric surgery reduces endotoxin levels and is associated with improving adipocyte functionality, this may provide further evidence regarding the metabolic benefits of such surgical interventions.

Dataset Information

Fucoxanthin and Its Metabolite Fucoxanthinol Do Not Induce Browning in Human Adipocytes.

Publications

Fucoxanthin and Its Metabolite Fucoxanthinol Do Not Induce Browning in Human Adipocytes.

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