Dataset Information

Evaluating authentication options for mobile health applications in younger and older adults.

ABSTRACT: Apps promoting patient self-management may improve health outcomes. However, methods to secure stored information on mobile devices may adversely affect usability. We tested the reliability and usability of common user authentication techniques in younger and older adults.Usability testing was conducted in two age groups, 18 to 30 years and 50 years and older. After completing a demographic questionnaire, each participant tested four authentication options in random order: four-digit personal identification number (PIN), graphical password (GRAPHICAL), Android pattern-lock (PATTERN), and a swipe-style Android fingerprint scanner (FINGERPRINT). Participants rated each option using the Systems Usability Scale (SUS).A total of 59 older and 43 younger participants completed the study. Overall, PATTERN was the fastest option (3.44s), and PIN had the fewest errors per attempt (0.02). Participants were able to login using PIN, PATTERN, and GRAPHICAL at least 98% of the time. FINGERPRINT was the slowest (26.97s), had an average of 1.46 errors per attempt, and had a successful login rate of 85%. Overall, PIN and PATTERN had higher SUS scores than FINGERPRINT and GRAPHICAL. Compared to younger participants, older participants were also less likely to find PATTERN to be tiring, annoying or time consuming and less likely to consider PIN to be time consuming. Younger participants were more likely to rate GRAPHICAL as annoying, time consuming and tiring than older participants.On mobile devices, PIN and pattern-lock outperformed graphical passwords and swipe-style fingerprints. All participants took longer to authenticate using the swipe-style fingerprint compared to other options. Older participants also took two to three seconds longer to authenticate using the PIN, pattern and graphical passwords though this did not appear to affect perceived usability.

SUBMITTER: Grindrod K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5754080 | biostudies-literature | 2018

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Evaluating authentication options for mobile health applications in younger and older adults.

Grindrod Kelly K Khan Hassan H Hengartner Urs U Ong Stephanie S Logan Alexander G AG Vogel Daniel D Gebotys Robert R Yang Jilan J

PloS one 20180104 1

<h4>Objective</h4>Apps promoting patient self-management may improve health outcomes. However, methods to secure stored information on mobile devices may adversely affect usability. We tested the reliability and usability of common user authentication techniques in younger and older adults.<h4>Methodology</h4>Usability testing was conducted in two age groups, 18 to 30 years and 50 years and older. After completing a demographic questionnaire, each participant tested four authentication options i ...[more]

PMID: 29300736

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Project description:ObjectivesThis scoping review aims to identify the level of willingness, the existing barriers, and motivators among older adults in using mobile applications to monitor and manage their health conditions. The secondary aim of this paper is to categorise these willingness, barriers and motivators using the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF).DesignScoping review.Data sourcePubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar and Science Direct (January 2009-December 2020).Study selectionStudies that describe older adults' perspectives with regard to their willingness, barriers or motivators towards the use of mobile applications in monitoring and managing their health condition were included.Data extractionTitles and abstracts were initially screened by two reviewers. Articles agreed by both reviewers were proceeded to full-text screening. One reviewer extracted the data, which were verified by a second reviewer. Findings were further classified according to the 14 TDF domains by two researchers.ResultsSix studies were included in the final scoping review. Barriers to adopting mobile applications for health-related interventions among older adults were the most common topic identified in the included studies. Barriers included being unaware of the existence of mobile health applications, lack of technological skills, lack of perceived ability and time, absence of professional involvements, and violation of trust and privacy. With regard to willingness, older adults are willing to use mobile applications if the apps incorporated features from a trusted source and have valid credentials. Motivators included continuous improvements of mobile applications' design interface and personalised features tailored to older adults' needs.ConclusionsWith the constant research for more diversified technology, the development of mobile applications to help older adults to manage and monitor health is seen as feasible, but barriers have to be addressed. The most prominent barriers linked to TDF domains were: (1) technological skills, (2) belief about consequences, and (3) memory, attention and decision process. Future interventions should use behaviour change techniques that target these three TDF domains in order to improve the ability to engage older adults with mobile technology.

Project description:INTRODUCTION:The world's older population continues to grow at an unprecedented rate. An ageing population poses a great challenge to our healthcare system that requires new tool to tackle the complexity of health services as well as the increasing expenses. Mobile health applications (mHealth app) is seen to have the potential to address these challenges, alleviating burdens on the healthcare system and enhance the quality of life for older adults. Despite the numerous benefits of mHealth apps, relatively little is known about whether older adults perceive that these apps confer such benefits. Their perspectives towards the use of mobile applications for health-related purposes have also been little studied. Therefore, in this paper, we outline our scoping review protocol to systematically review literature specific to older adults' willingness, perceived barriers and motivators towards the use of mobile applications to monitor and manage their health. METHODS AND ANALYSIS:Arksey and O'Malley's scoping review methodology framework will guide the conduct of this scoping review. The search strategy will involve electronic databases including PubMed, Excerpta Medica Database, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar and ScienceDirect, in addition to grey literature sources and hand-searching of reference lists. Two reviewers will independently screen all abstracts and full-text studies for inclusion. Data will be charted and sorted through an iterative process by the research team. The extracted data will undergo a descriptive analysis and simple quantitative analysis will be conducted using descriptive statistics. Engagement with relevant stakeholders will be carried out to gain more insights into our data from different perspectives. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION:Since the data used are from publicly available sources, this study does not require ethical approval. Results will be disseminated through academic journals, conferences and seminars. We anticipate that our findings will aid technology developers and health professionals working in the area of ageing and rehabilitation.

Project description:IntroductionA cornerstone of kidney disease management is participation in guideline-recommended health behaviors. However, the relationship of these health behaviors with outcomes, and the identification of barriers to health behavior engagement, have not been described among younger and older adults with chronic kidney disease.MethodsData from a cohort study of 5499 individuals with chronic kidney disease was used to identify health behavior patterns with latent class analysis stratified by age <65 and ≥65 years. Cox models, stratified by diabetes, assessed the association of health behavior patterns with chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression, atherosclerotic events, and death. Logistic regression was used to assess for barriers to health behavior engagement.ResultsThree health behavior patterns were identified: 1 "healthy" pattern, and 2 "less healthy" patterns comprising 1 pattern with more obesity and sedentary activity and 1 with more smoking and less obesity. Less healthy patterns were associated with an increased hazard of poor outcomes. Among participants <65 years of age, the less healthy patterns (vs. healthy pattern) was associated with an increased hazard of death in diabetic individuals (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.17, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.09-4.29; and HR = 2.50, 95% CI = 1.39-4.50) and cardiovascular events among nondiabetic individuals (HR = 1.49, 95% CI = 1.04-2.43; and HR = 2.97, 95% CI = 1.49-5.90). Individuals with the more obese/sedentary pattern had an increased risk of CKD progression in those who were diabetic (HR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.13-1.59). Among older adults, the less healthy patterns were associated with increased risk of death (HR = 2.97, 95% CI = 1.43-6.19; and HR = 3.47, 95% CI = 1.48-8.11) in those who were nondiabetic. Potential barriers to recommended health behaviors include lower health literacy and self-efficacy.ConclusionIdentifying health behavior patterns and barriers may help target high-risk groups for strategies to increase participation in health behaviors.

Project description:BackgroundDespite the great benefits of mobile health applications (mHAs) in managing non-communicable diseases (NCDs) internationally, studies have documented general challenges to broad adoption of mHAs among older age groups. By focusing on broad adoption, these studies have been limited in their evaluation of adults aged 50 and older who have high risk of NCDs and can benefit the most from the functionalities provided by mHAs.ObjectiveThis study aims to evaluate the knowledge, self-confidence, perceived benefits, and barriers of using mHAs depending on experience with mHAs among adults aged 50 and older. Furthermore, we aim to identify the factors associated with the actual use of mHAs.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional survey at a single tertiary hospital in Seoul, Korea, between May 1 and May 31, 2018. Of the 625 participants who were contacted, 323 participants were granted full inclusion to the study. We compared demographics, knowledge, self-confidence, and perceived benefits and barriers by experience with using mHAs, then performed logistic regression to identify the factors associated with mHA use.ResultsAmong the participants, 64.1% (N = 207) had experience using mHAs. Those in the experienced group were more likely to have more than college education (55.1% vs. 27.5%, P < 0.001) and to report a higher monthly income (≥ $7,000, 22.7% vs. 18.1%, P = 0.05) than their less-experienced counterparts. Although the experienced group was more likely to have higher self-confidence in using mHAs, about half of the study participants, including people with experience using mHAs, did not have appropriate knowledge of mobile technology. With adjusted logistic model, higher educated (adjusted PR (aPR) = 1.53, 95% CI, 1.26-1.80), higher perceived benefits of mHAs (aPR = 1.43, 95% CI, 1.04-1.83), and higher self-confidence using mHAs (aPR = 1.41, 95% CI, 1.12-1.70) were significant factors associated with mHA use.ConclusionsThe use of mHAs among adults aged 50 and older is becoming more common globally; nevertheless, there are still people unable to use mHAs properly because of lack of experience and knowledge. Strategies are needed to encourage the reliable usage of mHAs among those who may need it the most by improving self-confidence and better articulating benefits.

Dataset Information

Evaluating authentication options for mobile health applications in younger and older adults.

Publications

Evaluating authentication options for mobile health applications in younger and older adults.

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