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Preclinical Characterization of a Novel Monoclonal Antibody NEO-201 for the Treatment of Human Carcinomas.

ABSTRACT: NEO-201 is a novel humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody that was derived from an immunogenic preparation of tumor-associated antigens from pooled allogeneic colon tumor tissue extracts. It was found to react against a variety of cultured human carcinoma cell lines and was highly reactive against the majority of tumor tissues from many different carcinomas, including colon, pancreatic, stomach, lung, and breast cancers. NEO-201 also exhibited tumor specificity, as the majority of normal tissues were not recognized by this antibody. Functional assays revealed that treatment with NEO-201 is capable of mediating both antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) against tumor cells. Furthermore, the growth of human pancreatic xenograft tumors in vivo was largely attenuated by treatment with NEO-201 both alone and in combination with human peripheral blood mononuclear cells as an effector cell source for ADCC. In vivo biodistribution studies in human tumor xenograft-bearing mice revealed that NEO-201 preferentially accumulates in the tumor but not organ tissue. Finally, a single-dose toxicity study in non-human primates demonstrated safety and tolerability of NEO-201, as a transient decrease in circulating neutrophils was the only related adverse effect observed. These findings indicate that NEO-201 warrants clinical testing as both a novel diagnostic and therapeutic agent for the treatment of a broad variety of carcinomas.

SUBMITTER: Fantini M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5758533 | biostudies-literature | 2017

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Preclinical Characterization of a Novel Monoclonal Antibody NEO-201 for the Treatment of Human Carcinomas.

Fantini Massimo M David Justin M JM Saric Olga O Dubeykovskiy Alexander A Cui Yongzhi Y Mavroukakis Sharon A SA Bristol Andrew A Annunziata Christina M CM Tsang Kwong Y KY Arlen Philip M PM

Frontiers in immunology 20180104

NEO-201 is a novel humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody that was derived from an immunogenic preparation of tumor-associated antigens from pooled allogeneic colon tumor tissue extracts. It was found to react against a variety of cultured human carcinoma cell lines and was highly reactive against the majority of tumor tissues from many different carcinomas, including colon, pancreatic, stomach, lung, and breast cancers. NEO-201 also exhibited tumor specificity, as the majority of normal tissues wer ...[more]

PMID: 29354121

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Project description:Purpose: Despite high initial response rates with cytoreductive surgery, conventional chemotherapy and the incorporation of biologic agents, ovarian cancer patients often relapse and die from their disease. New approaches are needed to improve patient outcomes. This study was designed to evaluate the antitumor activity of NEO-201 monoclonal antibody (mAb) in preclinical models of ovarian cancer where the NEO-201 target is highly expressed. Experimental Design: Functional analysis of NEO-201 against tumor cell lines was performed by antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) assays. Binding of NEO-201 to tumor tissues and cell lines were determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and flow cytometry, respectively. Further characterization of the antigen recognized by NEO-201 was performed by mass spectrometry. Ovarian cancer models were used to evaluate the anti-tumor activity of NEO-201 in vivo. NEO-201 at a concentration of 250 g/mouse was injected intraperitoneally (IP) on days 1, 4, and 8. Human PBMCs were injected IP simultaneously as effector cells. Results: Both IHC and flow cytometry revealed that NEO-201 binds prominently to the colon, pancreatic, and mucinous ovarian cancer tissues and cell lines. Immunoprecipitation of the antigen recognized by NEO-201 was performed in human ovarian, colon, and pancreatic cancer cell lines. From these screening, carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5 (CEACAM5) and CEACAM6 were identified as the most likely targets of NEO-201. Our results confirmed that NEO-201 binds different types of cancers; the binding is highly selective for the tumor cells without cross reactivity with the surrounding healthy tissue. Functional analysis revealed that NEO-201 mediates ADCC killing against human ovarian and colorectal carcinoma cell lines in vitro. In addition, NEO-201 inhibited tumor growth in the presence of activated human PBMCs in orthotopic mouse models of both primary and metastatic ovarian cancer. Importantly, NEO-201 prolonged survival of tumor-bearing mice. Conclusions: These data suggested that NEO-201 has an antitumor activity against tumor cells expressing its antigen. Targeting an antigen expressed in tumors, but not in normal tissues, allows patient selection for optimal treatment. These findings strongly indicate that NEO-201 warrants clinical testing as both a novel therapeutic and diagnostic agent for treatment of ovarian carcinomas. A first in human clinical trial evaluating NEO-201 in adults with chemo-resistant solid tumors is ongoing at the NIH clinical Center.

Project description:BackgroundNEO201 is a humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) generated against tumor-associated antigens from patients with colorectal cancer. NEO-201 binds to core 1 or extended core 1 O-glycans expressed by its target cells. Here, we present outcomes from a phase I trial of NEO-201 in patients with advanced solid tumors that have not responded to standard treatments.MethodsThis was a single site, open label 3 + 3 dose escalation clinical trial. NEO-201 was administered intravenously every two weeks in a 28-day cycle at dose level (DL) 1 (1 mg/kg), DL 1.5 (1.5 mg/kg) and DL 2 (2 mg/kg) until dose limiting toxicity (DLT), disease progression, or patient withdrawal. Disease evaluations were conducted after every 2 cycles. The primary objective was to assess the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D) of NEO-201. The secondary objective was to assess the antitumor activity by RECIST v1.1. The exploratory objectives assessed pharmacokinetics and the effect of NEO-201 administration on immunologic parameters and their impact on clinical response.ResultsSeventeen patients (11 colorectal, 4 pancreatic and 2 breast cancers) were enrolled; 2 patients withdrew after the first dose and were not evaluable for DLT. Twelve of the 15 patients evaluable for safety discontinued due to disease progression and 3 patients discontinued due to DLT (grade 4 febrile neutropenia [1 patient] and prolonged neutropenia [1 patient] at DL 2, and grade 3 prolonged (> 72 h) febrile neutropenia [1 patient] at DL 1.5). A total of 69 doses of NEO-201 were administered (range 1-15, median 4). Common (> 10%) grade 3/4 toxicities occurred as follows: neutropenia (26/69 doses, 17/17 patients), white blood cell decrease (16/69 doses, 12/17 patients), lymphocyte decrease (8/69 doses, 6/17 patients). Thirteen patients were evaluable for disease response; the best response was stable disease (SD) in 4 patients with colorectal cancer. Analysis of soluble factors in serum revealed that a high level of soluble MICA at baseline was correlated with a downregulation of NK cell activation markers and progressive disease. Unexpectedly, flow cytometry showed that NEO-201 also binds to circulating regulatory T cells and reduction of the quantities of these cells was observed especially in patients with SD.ConclusionsNEO-201 was safe and well tolerated at the MTD of 1.5 mg/kg, with neutropenia being the most common adverse event. Furthermore, a reduction in the percentage of regulatory T cells following NEO-201 treatment supports our ongoing phase II clinical trial evaluating the efficiency of the combination of NEO-201 with the immune checkpoint inhibitor pembrolizumab in adults with treatment-resistant solid tumors.Trial registrationNCT03476681 . Registered 03/26/2018.

Dataset Information

Preclinical Characterization of a Novel Monoclonal Antibody NEO-201 for the Treatment of Human Carcinomas.

Publications

Preclinical Characterization of a Novel Monoclonal Antibody NEO-201 for the Treatment of Human Carcinomas.

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