Dataset Information

Late preterm birth has direct and indirect effects on infant gut microbiota development during the first six months of life.

ABSTRACT:

Aim

Preterm infants display aberrant gut microbial colonisation. We investigated whether the differences in gut microbiota between late preterm and full-term infants results from prematurity or external exposures.

Methods

This study comprised 43 late preterm infants (34^0/7 -36^6/7 ) and 75 full-term infants based on faecal samples collected following birth and at two to four weeks and six months of age. We assessed clinically relevant bacteria using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Logistic regression analyses were performed to determine whether the observed differences in gut microbiota were attributable to prematurity or perinatal exposure.

Results

The prevalence of bifidobacteria differed in the intestinal microbiota of the full-term and late preterm neonates. Differences in the presence of specific species were detected at the age of six months, although the microbiota alterations were most prominent following delivery. As well as prematurity, the mode of birth, intrapartum and neonatal antibiotic exposure, and the duration of breastfeeding had an additional impact on gut microbiota development.

Conclusion

The gut microbiota composition was significantly different between late preterm and full-term infants at least six months after birth. Antibiotic exposure was common in late preterm infants and modulated gut colonisation, but preterm birth also affected gut microbiota development independently.

SUBMITTER: Forsgren M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5763336 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Late preterm birth has direct and indirect effects on infant gut microbiota development during the first six months of life.

Forsgren M M Isolauri E E Salminen S S Rautava S S

Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) 20170424 7

<h4>Aim</h4>Preterm infants display aberrant gut microbial colonisation. We investigated whether the differences in gut microbiota between late preterm and full-term infants results from prematurity or external exposures.<h4>Methods</h4>This study comprised 43 late preterm infants (34<sup>0/7</sup> -36<sup>6/7</sup> ) and 75 full-term infants based on faecal samples collected following birth and at two to four weeks and six months of age. We assessed clinically relevant bacteria using quantitati ...[more]

PMID: 28316118

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Project description:BackgroundEarly-life exposure to household pets has the capacity to reduce risk for overweight and allergic disease, especially following caesarean delivery. Since there is some evidence that pets also alter the gut microbial composition of infants, changes to the gut microbiome are putative pathways by which pet exposure can reduce these risks to health. To investigate the impact of pre- and postnatal pet exposure on infant gut microbiota following various birth scenarios, this study employed a large subsample of 746 infants from the Canadian Healthy Infant Longitudinal Development Study (CHILD) cohort, whose mothers were enrolled during pregnancy between 2009 and 2012. Participating mothers were asked to report on household pet ownership at recruitment during the second or third trimester and 3 months postpartum. Infant gut microbiota were profiled with 16S rRNA sequencing from faecal samples collected at the mean age of 3.3 months. Two categories of pet exposure (i) only during pregnancy and (ii) pre- and postnatally were compared to no pet exposure under different birth scenarios.ResultsOver half of studied infants were exposed to at least one furry pet in the prenatal and/or postnatal periods, of which 8% were exposed in pregnancy alone and 46.8% had exposure during both time periods. As a common effect in all birth scenarios, pre- and postnatal pet exposure enriched the abundance of Oscillospira and/or Ruminococcus (P < 0.05) with more than a twofold greater likelihood of high abundance. Among vaginally born infants with maternal intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis exposure, Streptococcaceae were substantially and significantly reduced by pet exposure (P < 0.001, FDRp = 0.03), reflecting an 80% decreased likelihood of high abundance (OR 0.20, 95%CI, 0.06-0.70) for pet exposure during pregnancy alone and a 69% reduced likelihood (OR 0.31, 95%CI, 0.16-0.58) for exposure in the pre- and postnatal time periods. All of these associations were independent of maternal asthma/allergy status, siblingship, breastfeeding exclusivity and other home characteristics.ConclusionsThe impact of pet ownership varies under different birth scenarios; however, in common, exposure to pets increased the abundance of two bacteria, Ruminococcus and Oscillospira, which have been negatively associated with childhood atopy and obesity.

Project description:Background and aimsBirth mode and other early life factors affect a newborn's microbial colonization with potential long-term health effects. Individual variations in early life gut microbiota development, especially their effects on the functional repertoire of microbiota, are still poorly characterized. This study aims to provide new insights into the gut microbiome developmental trajectories during the first year of life.MethodsOur study comprised 78 term infants sampled at 3 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months (n = 280 total samples), and their mothers were sampled in late pregnancy (n = 50). Fecal DNA was subjected to shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Infant samples were studied for taxonomic and functional maturation, and maternal microbiota was used as a reference. Hierarchical clustering on taxonomic profiles was used to identify the main microbiota developmental trajectories in the infants, and their associations with perinatal and postnatal factors were assessed.ResultsIn line with previous studies, infant microbiota composition showed increased alpha diversity and decreased beta diversity by age, converging toward an adult-like profile. However, we did not observe an increase in functional alpha diversity, which was stable and comparable with the mother samples throughout all the sampling points. Using a de novo clustering approach, two main infant microbiota clusters driven by Bacteroidaceae and Clostridiaceae emerged at each time point. The clusters were associated with birth mode and their functions differed mainly in terms of biosynthetic and carbohydrate degradation pathways, some of which consistently differed between the clusters for all the time points. The longitudinal analysis indicated three main microbiota developmental trajectories, with the majority of the infants retaining their characteristic cluster until 1 year. As many as 40% of vaginally delivered infants were grouped with infants delivered by C-section due to their clear and persistent depletion in Bacteroides. Intrapartum antibiotics, any perinatal or postnatal factors, maternal microbiota composition, or other maternal factors did not explain the depletion in Bacteroides in the subset of vaginally born infants.ConclusionOur study provides an enhanced understanding of the compositional and functional early life gut microbiota trajectories, opening avenues for investigating elusive causes that influence non-typical microbiota development.

Dataset Information

Late preterm birth has direct and indirect effects on infant gut microbiota development during the first six months of life.

Aim

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Late preterm birth has direct and indirect effects on infant gut microbiota development during the first six months of life.

Similar Datasets

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