Dataset Information

Calcium-dependent protein kinases in cotton: insights into early plant responses to salt stress.

ABSTRACT: Soil salinization is one of the major environmental constraints to plant growth and agricultural production worldwide. Signaling components involving calcium (Ca2+) and the downstream calcium-dependent protein kinases (CPKs) play key roles in the perception and transduction of stress signals. However, the study of CPKs in cotton and their functions in response to salt stress remain unexplored.A total of 98 predicted CPKs were identified from upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. 'TM-1'), and phylogenetic analyses classified them into four groups. Gene family distribution studies have revealed the substantial impacts of the genome duplication events to the total number of GhCPKs. Transcriptome analyses showed a wide distribution of CPKs' expression among different organs. A total of 19 CPKs were selected for their rapid responses to salt stress at the transcriptional level, most of which were also incduced by the thylene-releasing chemical ethephon, suggesting a partal overlap of the salinity and ethylene responses. Silencing of 4 of the 19 CPKs (GhCPK8, GhCPK38, GhCPK54, and GhCPK55) severely compromised the basal cotton resistance to salt stress.Our genome-wide expression analysis of CPK genes from up-land cotton suggests that CPKs are involved in multiple developmental responses as well as the response to different abiotic stresses. A cluster of the cotton CPKs was shown to participate in the early signaling events in cotton responses to salt stress. Our results provide significant insights on functional analysis of CPKs in cotton, especially in the context of cotton adaptions to salt stress.

SUBMITTER: Gao W

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5772696 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Calcium-dependent protein kinases in cotton: insights into early plant responses to salt stress.

Gao Wei W Xu Fu-Chun FC Guo Dan-Dan DD Zhao Jing-Ruo JR Liu Ji J Guo Ya-Wei YW Singh Prashant Kumar PK Ma Xiao-Nan XN Long Lu L Botella Jose Ramon JR Song Chun-Peng CP

BMC plant biology 20180117 1

<h4>Background</h4>Soil salinization is one of the major environmental constraints to plant growth and agricultural production worldwide. Signaling components involving calcium (Ca<sup>2+</sup>) and the downstream calcium-dependent protein kinases (CPKs) play key roles in the perception and transduction of stress signals. However, the study of CPKs in cotton and their functions in response to salt stress remain unexplored.<h4>Results</h4>A total of 98 predicted CPKs were identified from upland c ...[more]

PMID: 29343239

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Project description:Five allotetraploid cotton species have adapted, through their transcriptional responses, to unique environments with distinct levels of inherent abiotic stresses. The transcriptional responses of leaf and root tissue in five allotetraploid cotton species (Gossypium hirsutum, G. barbadense, G. tomentosum, G. mustelinum, and G. darwinii) under salt stress have been investigated in this study using cotton long oligonucleotide microarrays. Physiological responses to salinity such as stomatal conductance, ion and osmoprotectant contents were also measured as indicators of imposed stress. Accessions from these five cotton species were hydroponically grown and gradually introduced to a NaCl treatment (15 dS m-1). The microarray results identified 2721 and 2460 differentially expressed genes under salt stress that were significant in leaf and root tissue, respectively. Many of these genes were classified under gene ontology (GO) categories that suggest abiotic stress. These allotetraploid cottons shared transcriptional responses to salinity, but also showed responses that were species-specific. No consistent differences in transcriptional response among the previously estimated phylogenetic branches were found. Stomatal conductance, ion accumulation, and betaine, trigonelline, and trehalose contents also indicated salt stress. This global assessment of transcriptional and physiological responses to salt stress of these cotton species may identify possible gene targets for crop improvement and evolutionary studies of cotton. Keywords: CEGC Cotton oligo salt stress The transcriptional responses of leaf and root tissue in five allotetraploid cotton species (Gossypium hirsutum, G. barbadense, G. tomentosum, G. mustelinum, and G. darwinii) under salt stress have been investigated in this study using cotton long oligonucleotide microarrays. Physiological responses to salinity such as stomatal conductance, ion and osmoprotectant contents were also measured as indicators of imposed stress. Accessions from these five cotton species were hydroponically grown and gradually introduced to a NaCl treatment (15 dS m-1).

Project description:As one of the pioneer crops widely planted in saline-alkaline areas, Gossypium provides daily necessities, including natural fiber, vegetable proteins, and edible oils. However, cotton fiber yield and quality are highly influenced by salt stress. Therefore, elucidating the molecular mechanisms of cotton in response to salinity stress is importance to breed new cultivars with high tolerance. In this study, we first developed a method for single-cell RNA-seq based on isolating protoplast from cotton root tips; then, we studied the impact of salinity stress on gene expression profiling and their dynamic changes using the developed high-efficiency method for protoplast dissociation suitable for single-cell RNA-seq. A total of 3391 and 2826 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in salt-treated samples before and after protoplast dissociation, respectively, which were enriched into several molecular components, including response to stimulus, response to stress, and cellular macromolecule metabolic process by gene ontology (GO) analysis. Plant hormone signal transduction, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and MAPK signaling pathway were found to be enriched via Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis. Twenty-two and nine salinity-responsive DEGs participated in plant hormone signaling and MAPK signaling in roots, before and after protoplast dissociation, respectively; six upregulated DEGs were involved in ABA signaling transduction, namely, Ga04G2111, Ga07G0142, Ga09G2061, Ga10G0262, Ga01G0063, and Ga08G1915 which indicates their potential functions on plants adapting to salt stress. Additionally, 384 and 257 transcription factors (TFs) were differentially expressed in salt-stress roots before and after protoplast dissociation, respectively, of which significantly up-regulated TFs mainly belonged to the AP2/ERF-ERF family, which implied their potential roles responding to salt stress. These results not only provide novel insights to reveal the regulatory networks in plant's root response to salt stress, but also lay the solid foundation for further exploration on cellular heterogeneity by single-cell transcriptome sequencing.

Dataset Information

Calcium-dependent protein kinases in cotton: insights into early plant responses to salt stress.

Publications

Calcium-dependent protein kinases in cotton: insights into early plant responses to salt stress.

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