Dataset Information

Complete Genome Sequence of the African Green Monkey Simian Foamy Virus Serotype 3 Strain FV2014 (SFVcae_FV2014).

ABSTRACT: The full-length sequence of simian foamy virus serotype 3 (SFV-3) strain FV2014, an African green monkey (Chlorocebus aethiops) isolate, was obtained using high-throughput sequencing. SFVcae_FV2014 consisted of 13,127 bp and had a genomic organization similar to those of other SFVs but was distinct from SFV strain LK3, isolated from the same monkey species.

SUBMITTER: Nandakumar S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5773720 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Complete Genome Sequence of the African Green Monkey Simian Foamy Virus Serotype 3 Strain FV2014 (SFVcae_FV2014).

Nandakumar Subhiksha S Bae Eunhae H EH Khan Arifa S AS

Genome announcements 20180118 3

The full-length sequence of simian foamy virus serotype 3 (SFV-3) strain FV2014, an African green monkey (<i>Chlorocebus aethiops</i>) isolate, was obtained using high-throughput sequencing. SFVcae_FV2014 consisted of 13,127 bp and had a genomic organization similar to those of other SFVs but was distinct from SFV strain LK3, isolated from the same monkey species. ...[more]

PMID: 29348335

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Project description:African green monkey (AGM) spumaretroviruses have been less well-studied than other simian foamy viruses (SFVs). We report the biological and genomic characterization of SFVcae_FV2014, which was the first foamy virus isolated from an African green monkey (AGM) and was found to be serotype 3. Infectivity studies in various cell lines from different species (mouse, dog, rhesus monkey, AGM, and human) indicated that like other SFVs, SFVcae_FV2014 had broad species and cell tropism, and in vitro cell culture infection resulted in cytopathic effect (CPE). In Mus dunni (a wild mouse fibroblast cell line), MDCK (Madin-Darby canine kidney cell line), FRhK-4 (a fetal rhesus kidney cell line), and MRC-5 (a human fetal lung cell line), SFVcae_FV2014 infection was productive resulting in CPE, and had delayed or similar replication kinetics compared with SFVmcy_FV21 and SFVmcy_FV34[RF], which are two Taiwanese macaque isolates, designated as serotypes 1 and 2, respectively. However, in Vero (AGM kidney cell line) and A549 (a human lung carcinoma cell line), the replication kinetics of SFVcae_FV2014 and the SFVmcy viruses were discordant: In Vero, SFVcae_FV2014 showed rapid replication kinetics and extensive CPE, and a persistent infection was seen in A549, with delayed, low CPE, which did not progress even upon extended culture (day 55). Nucleotide sequence analysis of the assembled SFVcae_FV2014 genome, obtained by high-throughput sequencing, indicated an overall 80-90% nucleotide sequence identity with SFVcae_LK3, the only available full-length genome sequence of an AGM SFV, and was distinct phylogenetically from other AGM spumaretroviruses, corroborating previous results based on analysis of partial env sequences. Our study confirmed that SFVcae_FV2014 and SFVcae_LK3 are genetically distinct AGM foamy virus (FV) isolates. Furthermore, comparative infectivity studies of SFVcae_FV2014 and SFVmcy isolates showed that although SFVs have a wide host range and cell tropism, regulation of virus replication is complex and depends on the virus strain and cell-specific factors.

Project description:Zoonotic transmission of simian retroviruses in Central Africa is ongoing and can result in pandemic human infection. While simian foamy virus (SFV) infection was reported in primate hunters in Cameroon and Gabon, little is known about the distribution of SFV in Africa and whether human-to-human transmission and disease occur. We screened 3,334 plasmas from persons living in rural villages in central Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) using SFV-specific EIA and Western blot (WB) tests. PCR amplification of SFV polymerase sequences from DNA extracted from buffy coats was used to measure proviral loads. Phylogenetic analysis was used to define the NHP species origin of SFV. Participants completed questionnaires to capture NHP exposure information.Sixteen (0.5%) samples were WB-positive; 12 of 16 were from women (75%, 95% confidence limits 47.6%, 92.7%). Sequence analysis detected SFV in three women originating from Angolan colobus or red-tailed monkeys; both monkeys are hunted frequently in DRC. NHP exposure varied and infected women lived in distant villages suggesting a wide and potentially diverse distribution of SFV infections across DRC. Plasmas from 22 contacts of 8 WB-positive participants were all WB negative suggesting no secondary viral transmission. Proviral loads in the three women ranged from 14 - 1,755 copies/105 cells.Our study documents SFV infection in rural DRC for the first time and identifies infections with novel SFV variants from Colobus and red-tailed monkeys. Unlike previous studies, women were not at lower risk for SFV infection in our population, providing opportunities for spread of SFV both horizontally and vertically. However, limited testing of close contacts of WB-positive persons did not identify human-to-human transmission. Combined with the broad behavioral risk and distribution of NHPs across DRC, our results suggest that SFV infection may have a wider geographic distribution within DRC. These results also reinforce the potential for an increased SFV prevalence throughout the forested regions of Africa where humans and simians co-exist. Our finding of endemic foci of SFV infection in DRC will facilitate longitudinal studies to determine the potential for person-to-person transmissibility and pathogenicity of these zoonotic retroviral infections.

Dataset Information

Complete Genome Sequence of the African Green Monkey Simian Foamy Virus Serotype 3 Strain FV2014 (SFVcae_FV2014).

Publications

Complete Genome Sequence of the African Green Monkey Simian Foamy Virus Serotype 3 Strain FV2014 (SFVcae_FV2014).

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