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Effects of a school-based stroke education program on stroke-related knowledge and behaviour modification-school class based intervention study for elementary school students and parental guardians in a Japanese rural area.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVES:This study aimed to determine the effect of a stroke education programme on elementary school students and their parental guardians in a rural area in Japan that has high stroke mortality. DESIGN:School class based intervention study. SETTING:Eleven public elementary schools in Tochigi Prefecture, Japan. PARTICIPANTS:268 students aged 11-12 years and 267 parental guardians. INTERVENTIONS:Students received lessons about stroke featuring animated cartoons and were instructed to communicate their knowledge about stroke to their parental guardians using material (comic books) distributed in the lessons. Stroke knowledge (symptoms, risk factors and attitude towards stroke) and behavioural change for risk factors were assessed at baseline, immediately after the programme and at 3 months. We also evaluated behavioural change for risk factors among parental guardians. RESULTS:The percentage of students with all correct answers for stroke symptoms, risk factors and the recommended response to stroke was significantly increased at 3 months P<0.001). We observed a significant increase in the percentage of guardians who chose all correct symptoms (P<0.001: 61.0% vs 85.4%) and risk factors (P<0.001: 41.2% vs 59.9%) at 3 months compared with baseline. The percentage of parental guardians with a high behavioural response to improving risk factors was significantly increased at 3 months compared with baseline (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS:In a rural population with high stroke mortality, stroke education can improve knowledge about stroke in elementary school students and their parental guardians. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION:We conducted the intervention as a part of compulsory education; this study was not a clinical trial. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center (M27-026).

SUBMITTER: Kato S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5778283 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Effects of a school-based stroke education program on stroke-related knowledge and behaviour modification-school class based intervention study for elementary school students and parental guardians in a Japanese rural area.

Kato Suzuka S Okamura Tomonori T Kuwabara Kazuyo K Takekawa Hidehiro H Nagao Masanori M Umesawa Mitsumasa M Sugiyama Daisuke D Miyamatsu Naomi N Hino Tenyu T Wada Shinichi S Arimizu Takuro T Takebayashi Toru T Kobashi Gen G Hirata Koichi K Yokota Chiaki C Minematsu Kazuo K

BMJ open 20171221 12

<h4>Objectives</h4>This study aimed to determine the effect of a stroke education programme on elementary school students and their parental guardians in a rural area in Japan that has high stroke mortality.<h4>Design</h4>School class based intervention study.<h4>Setting</h4>Eleven public elementary schools in Tochigi Prefecture, Japan.<h4>Participants</h4>268 students aged 11-12 years and 267 parental guardians.<h4>Interventions</h4>Students received lessons about stroke featuring animated cart ...[more]

PMID: 29273654

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Project description:BackgroundA variety of dietary supplements are commercially available. However, the efficacy and safety of dietary supplement use in children are not well established. Understanding dietary supplement use is important for developing public health policy regarding dietary supplements. This study aimed to investigate the types of dietary supplements used and characteristics of dietary supplement users among Japanese elementary school children.MethodWe conducted a cross-sectional web-based questionnaire study. Dietary supplement use, socio-demographics, and health-related behaviors were assessed through mother-reported questionnaire. Types of dietary supplements were identified based on ingredient using product barcodes and brand names. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to investigate the socio-demographics and health-related behaviors associated with supplement use.ResultsAmong 4933 children, 333 (6.8%) were identified as dietary supplement users. The most common supplement was amino acids or protein (1.4%), followed by n-3 fatty acids or fish oil (1.0%), probiotics (1.0%), multivitamins (0.9%), multivitamin-minerals (0.8%), and botanicals (0.8%). Overall, any dietary supplement use was significantly associated with the highest frequency of sports participation (odds ratio [OR], 2.58; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.65-4.02), highest household income (OR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.13-3.10), highest maternal educational level (OR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.31-2.52), and male sex (OR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.09-1.75). The highest frequency of sports participation was significantly associated with higher odds of use of amino acids or protein (OR, 6.06; 95% CI, 1.78-20.6) and multivitamins (OR, 3.56; 95% CI, 1.11-11.5), compared to the lowest frequency of sports participation.ConclusionThis study showed that Japanese children primarily use non-vitamin, non-mineral supplements. Non-vitamin, non-mineral supplements should thus be included in future studies aimed at monitoring dietary supplement use. We also found that dietary supplement use in children was associated with sports participation. Guidelines for dietary supplement use for children, in particular sport participants, are needed.

Project description:ObjectivesTo estimate the variability of the cumulative incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infections among elementary school students attributable to individual schools and/or their geographic areas, and to ascertain whether socio-economic characteristics of school populations and/or geographic areas may be predictive of this variability.DesignPopulation-based observational study of SARS-CoV-2 infections among elementary school children.Setting3994 publicly funded elementary schools in 491 forward sortation areas (designated geographic unit based on first three characters of Canadian postal code), Ontario, Canada, September 2020 to April 2021.ParticipantsAll students attending publicly funded elementary schools with a positive molecular test for SARS-CoV-2 reported by the Ontario Ministry of Education.Main outcome measuresCumulative incidence of laboratory-confirmed elementary school student SARS-CoV-2 infections in Ontario, 2020-21 school year.ResultsA multilevel modelling approach was used to estimate the effects of socio-economic factors at the school and area levels on the cumulative incidence of elementary school student SARS-CoV-2 infections. At the school level (level 1), the proportion of the student body from low-income households was positively associated with cumulative incidence (β=0.083, p<0.001). At the area level (level 2), all dimensions of marginalisation were significantly related to cumulative incidence. Ethnic concentration (β=0.454, p<0.001), residential instability (β=0.356, p<0.001) and material deprivation (β=0.212, p<0.001) were positively related, while dependency (β=-0.204, p<0.001) was negatively related. Area-related marginalisation variables explained 57.6% of area variability in cumulative incidence. School-related variables explained 1.2% of school variability in cumulative incidence.ConclusionsThe socio-economic characteristics of the geographic area of schools were more important in accounting for the cumulative incidence of SARS-CoV-2 elementary school student infections than individual school characteristics. Schools in marginalised areas should be prioritised for infection prevention measures and education continuity and recovery plans.

Project description:Background To address low state physical education (PE) quantity and quality law implementation in elementary schools, the New York City Department of Education (NYCDOE) delivered a multilevel intervention (PE Works; 2015-2019), which included a district-led audit of school PE-law implementation, feedback, and coaching with principals. Using the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance (RE-AIM) implementation science framework, we assessed the primary multilevel drivers of success for this approach in increasing adherence to PE quantity and quality law. Methods We conducted in-depth, semi-structured interviews with district-level personnel (n=17), elementary school administrators (n=18), and PE teachers (n=6) in 2020-21. Results Interview results suggested several key RE-AIM drivers of successful PE law implementation. Reach: Ensure higher-need schools receive the necessary initial support to improve PE and later focus on lower-need schools. Effectiveness: Provide support tailored to school needs, not penalties, to improve PE. Adoption: Increase the priority of PE at both district and school levels (e.g., audit and feedback, themselves, appear to elevate PE’s priority). Streamline data collection and feedback reports; collecting/reporting too much information is burdensome and leads to lack of focus. Involve qualified (i.e., skilled in both school administration and PE programming/pedagogy) district-level personnel to work collaboratively with schools. Implementation: Build strong, trusting district-school relationships. Maintenance: Provide ongoing district-level support to schools and involve parents to advocate for quality PE. Conclusions PE audits, feedback, and coaching (PEAFC) can guide schools in establishing long-term plans for successfully implementing PE-related law. Future research should examine the impact of PEAFC elsewhere (e.g., secondary schools, other districts). Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12966-023-01479-1.

Dataset Information

Effects of a school-based stroke education program on stroke-related knowledge and behaviour modification-school class based intervention study for elementary school students and parental guardians in a Japanese rural area.

Publications

Effects of a school-based stroke education program on stroke-related knowledge and behaviour modification-school class based intervention study for elementary school students and parental guardians in a Japanese rural area.

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