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Heads and Tails of Natriuretic Peptides: Neuroprotective Role of Brain Natriuretic Peptide.

ABSTRACT: Besides the relevant role of brain-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) as biomarker of cardioembolic strokes, new experimental evidences suggest that this peptide may mediate neuroprotective effects. In this study, we have evaluated for the first time the clinical association between BNP (by means of proBNP) and good outcome in ischemic stroke patients, and analyzed the effect of blood BNP increase in an ischemic animal model.A retrospective study with 2 different cohorts (262 patients in cohort I and 610 in cohort II) from the same prospective stroke registry was performed. proBNP concentration was analyzed within the first 12 hours from stroke onset. The primary predictor variable was functional outcome evaluated by modified Rankin Scale at 3 months. For the experimental study, BNP pretreatment was tested in an ischemic animal model subjected to a transient occlusion of the cerebral artery, and the infarct volume and sensorimotor deficit were evaluated for 14 days. Cardioembolic strokes presented a positive correlation between proBNP concentration and modified Rankin Scale at 3 months; however, noncardioembolic strokes presented a negative correlation. In the logistic regression analysis, noncardioembolic strokes with concentrations of proBNP ?340 pg/mL were associated with a good outcome. In line with these clinical findings, the experimental study revealed that those BNP pretreated animals presented a reduction on infarct volumes at 24 hours and functional recovery at days 7 and 14 compared with the control groups.These clinical and experimental evidences support the potential role of BNP as a protective factor against cerebral ischemia.

SUBMITTER: Fernandez-Susavila H

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5779043 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Heads and Tails of Natriuretic Peptides: Neuroprotective Role of Brain Natriuretic Peptide.

Fernández-Susavila Héctor H Rodríguez-Yáñez Manuel M Dopico-López Antonio A Arias Susana S Santamaría María M Ávila-Gómez Paulo P Doval-García Juan M JM Sobrino Tomás T Iglesias-Rey Ramón R Castillo José J Campos Francisco F

Journal of the American Heart Association 20171204 12

<h4>Background</h4>Besides the relevant role of brain-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) as biomarker of cardioembolic strokes, new experimental evidences suggest that this peptide may mediate neuroprotective effects. In this study, we have evaluated for the first time the clinical association between BNP (by means of proBNP) and good outcome in ischemic stroke patients, and analyzed the effect of blood BNP increase in an ischemic animal model.<h4>Methods and results</h4>A retrospective study with 2 ...[more]

PMID: 29203579

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Project description:Schistosomes are obligate helminths responsible for over 218 million cases of human schistosomiasis in 78 countries around the world. Infection occurs when free-swimming cercariae penetrate human skin and initiate developmental progression into parasitic obligate worms that consume red blood cells. Transcriptomic studies of infectious cercariae reveal abundant mRNAs associated with energy metabolism and host invasion. However, the cercaria is mostly transcriptionally quiescent, suggesting that most mRNAs are primed prior to cercarial escape from the snail host. The use of transcriptomics to understand protein expression presumes that transcription and translation are functionally coupled and the cercarial stage has categorically been treated as a single unit for -omic analysis. Per contra, the relationship between transcription and translation in infectious cercariae has not been described. To understand the correlation between transcription and translation in cercariae, we separately measured nascent translation levels in cercarial heads, cercarial tails and in the developing schistosomula, the next stage of its life cycle. The loss of the cercarial tail is essential for the transformation from a cercaria to a schistosomulum. We observed that translation was initially limited and the translation rate accelerated during the first 72-hours after tail loss. When we tested nascent translation in cercarial heads, cercarial tails, whole cercariae, and 4-hour schistosomula, we found that translation is significantly upregulated in the cercarial tail when compared to the cercarial head and that translation was undetectable in heads using immunofluorescent image quantification (p = .0005). These data represent a major shift in how we understand the cercarial stage. The cercarial head is mostly transcriptionally and translationally quiescent while being sufficient for progression into a schistosomulum. In addition, transcription and translation are not linked in Schistosoma mansoni cercaria. Thus, our current conceptual approach of treating the cercaria as a single functional unit for -omic studies may be insufficient to understand cercarial development.

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Heads and Tails of Natriuretic Peptides: Neuroprotective Role of Brain Natriuretic Peptide.

Publications

Heads and Tails of Natriuretic Peptides: Neuroprotective Role of Brain Natriuretic Peptide.

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