Blood pressure reduction in acute ischemic stroke according to time to treatment: a subgroup analysis of the China Antihypertensive Trial in Acute Ischemic Stroke trial.
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SUBMITTER: Xu T
PROVIDER: S-EPMC5785332 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Jun
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Blood pressure reduction in acute ischemic stroke according to time to treatment: a subgroup analysis of the China Antihypertensive Trial in Acute Ischemic Stroke trial.
Xu Tan T Zhang Yonghong Y Bu Xiaoqing X Wang Dali D Sun Yingxian Y Chen Chung-Shiuan CS Wang Jinchao J Peng Hao H Ju Zhong Z Peng Yanbo Y Xu Tian T Li Qunwei Q Geng Deqin D Zhang Jintao J Li Dong D Zhang Fengshan F Guo Libing L Wang Xuemei X Cui Yong Y Li Yongqiu Y Ma Dihui D Zhang Dongsheng D Yang Guang G Gao Yanjun Y Yuan Xiaodong X Chen Jing J He Jiang J
Journal of hypertension 20170601 6
<h4>Objective</h4>The optimal time to initiate antihypertensive therapy among patients with acute ischemic stroke remains uncertain. We tested the effects of blood pressure reduction among patients with acute ischemic stroke according to time from onset to initiation of antihypertensive treatment.<h4>Methods</h4>We randomly assigned 4071 acute ischemic stroke patients with elevated SBP to receive antihypertensive treatment or to discontinue all antihypertensive medications during hospitalization ...[more]
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Project description:BACKGROUND:We studied the effect of early antihypertensive treatment on death, major disability, and vascular events among patients with acute ischemic stroke according to their baseline SBP. METHODS:We randomly assigned 4071 acute ischemic stroke patients with SBP between 140 and less than 220?mmHg to receive antihypertensive treatment or to discontinue all antihypertensive medications during hospitalization. A composite primary outcome of death and major disability and secondary outcomes were compared between treatment and control stratified by baseline SBP levels of less than 160, 160-179, and at least 180?mmHg. RESULTS:At 24?h after randomization, differences in SBP reductions were 8.8, 8.6 and 7.8?mmHg between the antihypertensive treatment and control groups among patients with baseline SBP less than 160, 160-179, and at least 180?mmHg, respectively (P?<?0.001 among subgroups). At day 14 or hospital discharge, the primary and secondary outcomes were not significantly different between the treatment and control groups among subgroups. However, there was a significant interaction between antihypertensive treatment and baseline SBP subgroups on death (P?=?0.02): odds ratio (95% CI) of 2.42 (0.74-7.89) in patients with baseline SBP less than 60?mmHg and 0.34 (0.11-1.09) in those with baseline SBP at least 180?mmHg. At the 3-month follow-up, the primary and secondary clinical outcomes were not significantly different between the treatment and control groups by baseline SBP levels. CONCLUSION:Early antihypertensive treatment had a neutral effect on clinical outcomes among acute ischemic stroke patients with various baseline SBP levels. Future clinical trials are warranted to test BP-lowering effects in acute ischemic stroke patients by baseline SBP levels. TRIAL REGISTRATION:ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01840072.
| S-EPMC6368851 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundClinical trials have generally showed a neutral effect of blood pressure (BP) reduction on clinical outcomes among acute ischemic stroke patients. We conducted a prespecified subgroup analysis to assess whether disease severity modifies the effect of early antihypertensive treatment on death and disability among patients with acute ischemic stroke.MethodsIn the China Antihypertensive Trial in Acute Ischemic Stroke, 4,071 patients with acute ischemic stroke and elevated BP were randomly assigned to receive antihypertensive treatment or to discontinue all hypertension medications within 48 h of symptom onset. The primary outcome was a combination of death and major disability at 14 days or hospital discharge. In this subgroup analysis, participants were categorized into 3 groups according to their baseline NIH Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores (0-4, 5-15, or ≥16).ResultsAt 24 h after randomization, mean systolic BP differences (95% CIs) were -8.5 (-10.0 to -7.1), -9.8 (-11.4 to -8.3), and -9.1 (-14.4 to -3.8) mm Hg between the treatment and control groups (all p values <0.001) for patients with a baseline NIHSS score of 0-4, 5-15, and ≥16, respectively. At day 7 after randomization, the corresponding mean systolic BP differences were -9.3 (-10.5 to -8.2), -9.1 (-10.3 to -7.8), and -10.1 (-15.1 to -5.1) mm Hg between the treatment and control groups (all p values <0.001). The primary outcome was not significantly different between the treatment and control groups at day 14 or hospital discharge among all NIHSS subgroups (p value for homogeneity = 0.66). ORs (95% CI) associated with treatment were 1.14 (0.87-1.49, p = 0.33), 1.04 (0.86-1.25, p = 0.70), and 0.67 (0.18-2.44, p = 0.54) for patients with a baseline NIHSS score of 0-4, 5-15, and ≥16, respectively. The composite outcome of death and major disability at 3-month follow-up did not differ between the 2 comparison groups for all NIHSS subgroups. In addition, vascular events and recurrent stroke were not significantly different between the 2 comparison groups at the 3-month follow-up visit among all NIHSS subgroups except that there was a suggestive risk reduction for recurrent stroke among those with an NIHSS score of 5-15 (OR 0.45, 95% CI 0.20-0.99, p = 0.05).ConclusionEarly BP reduction with antihypertensive medications did not reduce or increase the risk of death, major disabilities, recurrent instances of stroke, and vascular events in acute ischemic stroke patients with a variety of disease severities.
| S-EPMC8784237 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundsIncreased blood pressure (BP) for patients who had an acute ischaemic stroke is associated with poor functional outcome, however the optimal timing of antihypertensive therapy is unknown.AimsWe aim to compare early antihypertensive treatment to delayed antihypertensive treatment for reducing the risk of composite major disability and mortality at 3 months in acute ischaemic stroke.DesignThe China Antihypertensive Trial in Acute Ischemic Stroke II (CATIS-2) trial is a multicentre, randomised, open-label, blinded-endpoints trial that will be conducted in 100 hospitals in China. The primary outcome is the composite of death and major disability (modified Rankin Scale score ≥3) at 3 months of randomisation. Antihypertensive treatment will be received immediately after randomisation in the early treatment group, aimed at average systolic BP by 10%-20% reduction within the first 24 hours, and achieving an average BP level of <140/90 mm Hg within 5 days. Patients in the delayed treatment group will discontinue any antihypertension medications for the first 7 days of randomisation, and will receive antihypertensive therapy achieving a BP goal of <140/90 mm Hg after 7 days.ConclusionThe CATIS-2 trial will be testing the hypotheses that early BP lowering leads to improved functional outcome without any other harms, and developing clinical guidelines of the BP management for patients who had an acute ischaemic stroke.Trial registration numberNCT03479554.
| S-EPMC8258043 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The effect of blood pressure (BP) reduction on cerebral blood flow (CBF) in acute ischemic stroke is unknown. We measured regional CBF with perfusion-weighted MRI before and after BP treatment in a three-armed non-randomized prospective controlled trial. Treatment arm assignment was based on acute mean arterial pressure (MAP). Patients with (MAP) >120 mmHg (n = 14) were treated with intravenous labetalol and sublingual (SL) nitroglycerin (labetalol group). Those with MAP 100-120 mmHg (n = 17) were treated with SL nitroglycerin (0.3 mg) ('NTG Group') and those with baseline MAP<100 mmHg (n = 18) were not treated with antihypertensive drugs (untreated group). Forty-nine patients (18 female, mean age 65.3 ± 12.9 years) were serially imaged. Labetalol reduced MAP by 12.5 (5.7-17.7) mmHg, p = 0.0002. MAP remained stable in the NTG (6.0 (0.4-16, p = 0.3) mmHg and untreated groups (-0.3 (-2.3-7.0, p = 0.2) mmHg. The volume of total hypoperfused tissue (CBF<18 ml/100 g/min) did not increase after labetalol (-1.1 ((-6.5)-(-0.2)) ml, p = 0.1), NTG (0 ((-1.5)-4.5) ml, p = 0.72), or no treatment 0.25 ((-10.1)-4.5) ml, p = 0.87). Antihypertensive therapy, based on presenting BP, in acute stroke patients was not associated with an increased volume of total hypoperfused tissue.
| S-EPMC6727146 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND:High blood pressure (BP) is associated with worse clinical outcomes in the setting of acute ischemic stroke, but the optimal blood pressure target is still a matter of debate. We aimed to study the association between baseline BP and mortality in acute ischemic stroke patients treated by mechanical thrombectomy. METHODS AND RESULTS:A total of 1332 acute ischemic stroke patients treated by mechanical thrombectomy were enrolled (from January 2012 to June 2016) in the ETIS (Endovascular Treatment in Ischemic Stroke) registry. Linear and polynomial logistic regression models were used to assess the association between BP and mortality and functional outcome at 90 days. Highest mortality was found at lower and higher baseline systolic blood pressure (SBP) values following a J- or U-shaped relationship, with a nadir at 157 mm Hg (95% confidence interval 143-170). When SBP values were categorized in 10-mm Hg increments, the odds ratio for all-cause mortality was 3.78 (95% confidence interval 1.50-9.55) for SBP<110 mm Hg and 1.81 (95% confidence interval 1.01-3.36) for SBP≥180 mm Hg using SBP≥150 to 160 mm Hg as reference. The rate of favorable outcome was the highest at low SBP values and lowest at high SBP values, with a nonlinear relationship; in unplanned exploratory analysis, an optimal threshold SBP≥177 mm Hg was found to predict unfavorable outcome (adjusted odds ratio 0.47; 95% confidence interval 0.31-0.70). CONCLUSION:In acute ischemic stroke patients treated by mechanical thrombectomy, baseline SBP is associated with all-cause mortality and favorable outcome. In contrast to mortality, favorable outcome rate was the highest at low SBP values and lowest at high SBP values. Further studies are warranted to confirm these findings.
| S-EPMC5721857 | biostudies-other
Project description:Background Although the effect of blood pressure on poststroke outcome is well recognized, the long-term trajectory of blood pressure after acute ischemic stroke and its influence on outcomes have not been studied well. Methods and Results We analyzed systolic blood pressure (SBP) measurements in 5514 patients with acute ischemic stroke at ≥2 of 7 prespecified time points during the first year after stroke among those enrolled in a multicenter prospective registry. Longitudinal SBPs were categorized using a group-based trajectory model. The primary outcome was a composite of stroke recurrence, myocardial infarction, and all-cause mortality up to 1 year after stroke. The study subjects were categorized into 4 SBP trajectory groups: low (27.0%), moderate (59.5%), persistently high (1.2%), and slowly dropping (12.4%). In the first 3 groups, SBP decreased during the first 3 to 7 days and remained steady thereafter. In the slowly dropping SBP group, SBPs decreased from 182 to 135 mm Hg during the first 30 days, then paralleled the trajectory of the moderate SBP group. Compared with the reference, the moderate SBP group, the slowly dropping SBP group was at higher risk for the primary outcome (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.32; 95% CI, 1.05‒1.65) and mortality (adjusted HR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.03‒1.78). Primary outcome rates were similarly high in the persistently high SBP group. Conclusions Four 1-year longitudinal SBP trajectories were identified in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Patients in the slowly dropping SBP and persistently high SBP trajectory groups were prone to adverse cardiovascular outcomes after stroke.
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Project description:Background and purposeMore than 50% of patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) are taking antihypertensive drugs before ictus. Although antihypertensive therapy should be given long term for secondary prevention, whether to continue or stop such treatment during the acute phase of ICH remains unclear, a question that was addressed in the Efficacy of Nitric Oxide in Stroke (ENOS) trial.MethodsENOS was an international multicenter, prospective, randomized, blinded endpoint trial. Among 629 patients with ICH and systolic blood pressure between 140 and 220 mmHg, 246 patients who were taking antihypertensive drugs were assigned to continue (n = 119) or to stop (n = 127) taking drugs temporarily for 7 days. The primary outcome was the modified Rankin Score at 90 days. Secondary outcomes included death, length of stay in hospital, discharge destination, activities of daily living, mood, cognition, and quality of life.ResultsBlood pressure level (baseline 171/92 mmHg) fell in both groups but was significantly lower at 7 days in those patients assigned to continue antihypertensive drugs (difference 9.4/3.5 mmHg, P < .01). At 90 days, the primary outcome did not differ between the groups; the adjusted common odds ratio (OR) for worse outcome with continue versus stop drugs was .92 (95% confidence interval, .45-1.89; P = .83). There was no difference between the treatment groups for any secondary outcome measure, or rates of death or serious adverse events.ConclusionsAmong patients with acute ICH, immediate continuation of antihypertensive drugs during the first week did not reduce death or major disability in comparison to stopping treatment temporarily.
| S-EPMC4851456 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Increased blood pressure (BP) management following acute ischemic stroke (AIS) remains controversial. This study aimed to identify the association between BP and clinical outcomes in AIS patients administered lytic medication in the TIMS-China (thrombolysis implementation and monitor of acute ischemic stroke in China) database.The sample comprised 1128 patients hospitalized within 4.5 hours (h) of AIS for intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (i.v. rt-PA) thrombolysis. Systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) at baseline, 2 h and 24 h after treatment, and changes from baseline were analyzed. The study outcomes comprised a favorable outcome (modified Rankin Scale 0-1 at 90 days) and symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (SICH), analyzed using logistic regression, with low BP as the reference group.Lower BP (baseline, 2 h, and 24 h) was beneficial in AIS patients and significantly related to a favorable outcome (P<0.05). A substantial BP decrease at 24 h after rt-PA thrombolysis was significantly associated with a favorable outcome compared with a moderate BP decrease (P = 0.0298). A SBP >160 mmHg 2 h after rt-PA thrombolysis was significantly associated with SICH compared with a SBP <140 mmHg (P = 0.0238). An increase or no change (>25 mmHg) in SBP was significantly associated with SICH (P = 0.002) compared with a small SBP decrease (1-9 mmHg).This study provides novel evidence that lower BP within the first 24 h is associated with a more favorable outcome and less frequent SICH in AIS patients administered lytic medication. Routine BP-lowering treatment should be considered in AIS patients following lytic medication.
| S-EPMC4735460 | biostudies-other
Project description:ImportanceThe effects of moderate systolic blood pressure (SBP) lowering after successful recanalization with endovascular therapy for acute ischemic stroke are uncertain.ObjectiveTo determine the futility of lower SBP targets after endovascular therapy (<140 mm Hg or 160 mm Hg) compared with a higher target (≤180 mm Hg).Design, setting, and participantsRandomized, open-label, blinded end point, phase 2, futility clinical trial that enrolled 120 patients with acute ischemic stroke who had undergone successful endovascular therapy at 3 US comprehensive stroke centers from January 2020 to March 2022 (final follow-up, June 2022).InterventionAfter undergoing endovascular therapy, participants were randomized to 1 of 3 SBP targets: 40 to less than 140 mm Hg, 40 to less than 160 mm Hg, and 40 to 180 mm Hg or less (guideline recommended) group, initiated within 60 minutes of recanalization and maintained for 24 hours.Main outcomes and measuresPrespecified multiple primary outcomes for the primary futility analysis were follow-up infarct volume measured at 36 (±12) hours and utility-weighted modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score (range, 0 [worst] to 1 [best]) at 90 (±14) days. Linear regression models were used to test the harm-futility boundaries of a 10-mL increase (slope of 0.5) in the follow-up infarct volume or a 0.10 decrease (slope of -0.005) in the utility-weighted mRS score with each 20-mm Hg SBP target reduction after endovascular therapy (1-sided α = .05). Additional prespecified futility criterion was a less than 25% predicted probability of success for a future 2-group, superiority trial comparing SBP targets of the low- and mid-thresholds with the high-threshold (maximum sample size, 1500 with respect to the utility-weighted mRS score outcome).ResultsAmong 120 patients randomized (mean [SD] age, 69.6 [14.5] years; 69 females [58%]), 113 (94.2%) completed the trial. The mean follow-up infarct volume was 32.4 mL (95% CI, 18.0 to 46.7 mL) for the less than 140-mm Hg group, 50.7 mL (95% CI, 33.7 to 67.7 mL), for the less than 160-mm Hg group, and 46.4 mL (95% CI, 24.5 to 68.2 mL) for the 180-mm Hg or less group. The mean utility-weighted mRS score was 0.51 (95% CI, 0.38 to 0.63) for the less than 140-mm Hg group, 0.47 (95% CI, 0.35 to 0.60) for the less than 160-mm Hg group, and 0.58 (95% CI, 0.46 to 0.71) for the high-target group. The slope of the follow-up infarct volume for each mm Hg decrease in the SBP target, adjusted for the baseline Alberta Stroke Program Early CT score, was -0.29 (95% CI, -0.81 to ∞; futility P = .99). The slope of the utility-weighted mRS score for each mm Hg decrease in the SBP target after endovascular therapy, adjusted for baseline utility-weighted mRS score, was -0.0019 (95% CI, -∞ to 0.0017; futility P = .93). Comparing the high-target SBP group with the lower-target groups, the predicted probability of success for a future trial was 25% for the less than 140-mm Hg group and 14% for the 160-mm Hg group.Conclusions and relevanceAmong patients with acute ischemic stroke, lower SBP targets less than either 140 mm Hg or 160 mm Hg after successful endovascular therapy did not meet prespecified criteria for futility compared with an SBP target of 180 mm Hg or less. However, the findings suggested a low probability of benefit from lower SBP targets after endovascular therapy if tested in a future larger trial.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04116112.
| S-EPMC10481231 | biostudies-literature
Project description:To evaluate lncRNA expression and changes in whole blood samples of patients during the acute cerebral ischemia phase, we have employed whole genome microarray expression profiling as a discovery platform to identify dysregulated genes to put forth predicted connections and functions of the differentially expressed lncRNAs.There were 1123 differentially expressed lncRNAs (Fold change ≥2.0, p<0.05) between stroke patients and the control group. Among these, 371 lncRNAs were upregulated, and 752 lncRNAs were downregulated. Expression of nine lncRNAs (ENST00000452599, ENST00000527450, ENST00000608826, T013651, T029143, T131416, T294865, ENST00000530525 and T058035) from this signature was quantified in the same RNA samples by real-time PCR, confirming our gene chip performance.
2022-03-20 | GSE198710 | GEO