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Rapid genome shrinkage in a self-fertile nematode reveals sperm competition proteins.


ABSTRACT: To reveal impacts of sexual mode on genome content, we compared chromosome-scale assemblies of the outcrossing nematode Caenorhabditis nigoni to its self-fertile sibling species, C. briggsaeC. nigoni's genome resembles that of outcrossing relatives but encodes 31% more protein-coding genes than C. briggsaeC. nigoni genes lacking C. briggsae orthologs were disproportionately small and male-biased in expression. These include the male secreted short (mss) gene family, which encodes sperm surface glycoproteins conserved only in outcrossing species. Sperm from mss-null males of outcrossing C. remanei failed to compete with wild-type sperm, despite normal fertility in noncompetitive mating. Restoring mss to C. briggsae males was sufficient to enhance sperm competitiveness. Thus, sex has a pervasive influence on genome content that can be used to identify sperm competition factors.

SUBMITTER: Yin D 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5789457 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Rapid genome shrinkage in a self-fertile nematode reveals sperm competition proteins.

Yin Da D   Schwarz Erich M EM   Thomas Cristel G CG   Felde Rebecca L RL   Korf Ian F IF   Cutter Asher D AD   Schartner Caitlin M CM   Ralston Edward J EJ   Meyer Barbara J BJ   Haag Eric S ES  

Science (New York, N.Y.) 20180101 6371


To reveal impacts of sexual mode on genome content, we compared chromosome-scale assemblies of the outcrossing nematode <i>Caenorhabditis nigoni</i> to its self-fertile sibling species, <i>C. briggsae</i><i>C. nigoni</i>'s genome resembles that of outcrossing relatives but encodes 31% more protein-coding genes than <i>C. briggsae</i><i>C. nigoni</i> genes lacking <i>C. briggsae</i> orthologs were disproportionately small and male-biased in expression. These include the <i>male secreted short</i>  ...[more]

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