Liposomal Elongation Factor-1? Triggers Effector CD4 and CD8 T Cells for Induction of Long-Lasting Protective Immunity against Visceral Leishmaniasis.
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ABSTRACT: Despite advances, identification and formulation of safe and effective vaccine for long-lasting protection against leishmaniasis is still inadequate. In this study, we have identified a novel antigen, leishmanial elongation factor-1? (EF1-?), as an immunodominant component of solubilized leishmanial membrane antigens that reacts with visceral leishmaniasis (VL) sera and induces cellular proliferative and cytokine response in PBMCs of cured VL subjects. Leishmanial EF1-? is a 50 kDa antigen that plays a crucial role in pathogen survival by regulating oxidative burst in the host phagocytes. Previously, immunodominant truncated forms of EF1-? from different species of Leishmania have been reported. Formulation of the L. donovani 36?kDa truncated as well as the cloned recombinant EF1-? in cationic liposomes induce strong resistance to parasitic burden in liver and spleen of BALB/c mice through induction of DTH and a IL-10 and TGF-? suppressed mixed Th1/Th2 cytokine responses. Multiparametric analysis of splenocytes for generation of antigen-specific IFN-?, IL2, and TNF-? producing lymphocytes indicate that cationic liposome facilitates expansion of both CD4+ as well as CD8+ memory and effector T cells. Liposomal EF1-? is a novel and potent vaccine formulation against VL that imparts long-term protective responses. Moreover, the flexibility of this formulation opens up the scope to combine additional adjuvants and epitope selected antigens for use in other disease forms also.
SUBMITTER: Sabur A
PROVIDER: S-EPMC5797590 | biostudies-literature | 2018
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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