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Emissions of carotenoid cleavage products upon heat shock and mechanical wounding from a foliose lichen.

ABSTRACT: Carotenoids constitute a major target of chloroplastic photooxidative reactions, leading to the formation of several oxidized derivatives and cleavage products, some of which are volatile (VCCPs). Among them, ?-cyclocitral (?-CC), at least, is a retrograde signaling molecule that modulates the activity of many key physiological processes. In the present work, we aimed to study whether ?-CC and other VCCPs are released into the atmosphere from photosynthetic tissues. To overcome stomatal limitations, the foliose chlorolichen Lobaria pulmonaria was used as the model system, and the emissions of biogenic volatiles, induced by heat and wounding stresses, were monitored by proton-transfer reaction time-of-flight mass-spectrometry (PTR-TOF-MS) and gas-chromatography (GC-MS). Prior to stress treatments, VCCPs were emitted constitutively, accounting for 1.3 % of the total volatile release, with ?-CC being the most abundant VCCP. Heat and wounding stresses induced a burst of volatile release, including VCCPs, and a loss of carotenoids. Under heat stress, the production of ?-CC correlated positively with temperature. However the enhancement of production of VCCPs was the lowest among all the groups of volatiles analyzed. Given that the rates of carotenoid loss were three orders of magnitude higher than the release rates of VCCPs and that these compounds only represent a minor fraction in the blend of volatiles, it seems unlikely that VCCPs might represent a global stress signal capable of diffusing through the atmosphere to different neighboring individuals.

SUBMITTER: Garcia-Plazaola JI

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5798582 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Emissions of carotenoid cleavage products upon heat shock and mechanical wounding from a foliose lichen.

García-Plazaola José Ignacio JI Portillo-Estrada Miguel M Fernández-Marín Beatriz B Kännaste Astrid A Niinemets Ülo Ü

Environmental and experimental botany 20161007

Carotenoids constitute a major target of chloroplastic photooxidative reactions, leading to the formation of several oxidized derivatives and cleavage products, some of which are volatile (VCCPs). Among them, β-cyclocitral (β-CC), at least, is a retrograde signaling molecule that modulates the activity of many key physiological processes. In the present work, we aimed to study whether β-CC and other VCCPs are released into the atmosphere from photosynthetic tissues. To overcome stomatal limitati ...[more]

PMID: 29416188

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Project description:Psocids are a new risk for global food security and safety because they are significant worldwide pests of stored products. Among these psocids, Liposcelis bostrychophila has developed high levels of resistance or tolerance to heat treatment in grain storage systems, and thus has led to investigation of molecular mechanisms underlying heat tolerance in this pest. In this study, the time-related effects of thermal stress treatments at relatively high temperatures on the activities of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidases (POD), glutathione-S-transferases (GST) and malondialdehyde (MDA), of L. bostrychophila were determined. Thermal stress resulted that L. bostrychophila had a significantly higher MDA concentration at 42.5 °C, which indicated that the heat stress increased lipid peroxidation (LPO) contents and oxidative stress in this psocid pest. Heat stress also resulted in significant elevation of SOD, CAT and GST activities but decreased POD activity. Our data indicates that different antioxidant enzymes contribute to defense mechanisms, counteracting oxidative damage in varying levels. POD play minor roles in scavenging deleterious LPO, while enhanced SOD, CAT and GST activities in response to thermal stress likely play a more important role against oxidative damage. Here, we firstly identified five LbHsps (four LbHsp70s and one LbHsp110) from psocids, and most of these LbHsps (except LbHsp70-1) are highly expressed at fourth instar nymph and adults, and LbHsp70-1 likely presents as a cognate form of HSP due to its non-significant changes of expression. Most LbHsp70s (except LbHsp70-4) are significantly induced at moderate high temperatures (<40 °C) and decreased at extreme high temperatures (40-45 °C), but LbHsp110-1 can be significantly induced at all high temperatures. Results of this study suggest that the LbHsp70s and LbHsp110 genes are involved in tolerance to thermal stress in L. bostrychophila, and antioxidant enzymes and heat shock proteins may be coordinately involved in the tolerance to thermal stress in psocids.

Dataset Information

Emissions of carotenoid cleavage products upon heat shock and mechanical wounding from a foliose lichen.

Publications

Emissions of carotenoid cleavage products upon heat shock and mechanical wounding from a foliose lichen.

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