Dataset Information

Prevalence of proline racemase/ hydroxyproline epimerase gene in human brucella isolates in Iran.

ABSTRACT: Background: Human brucellosis is a zoonotic disease caused by Brucella melitensis, Brucella abortus, and Brucella suis. Brucella causes a chronic disease, which subverts the immune defense system of their hosts. In this study, the prevalence of an important Brucella virulence determinant, prpA, which can modulate immune response, was determined in human isolates. Methods: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was standardized and applied to 37 isolates obtained from patient's specimens. Primers for prpA gene were designed and evaluated using bioinformatic tools. DNA sequencing was performed for further verification. Results: In the 37 Brucella isolates (31 Brucella melitensis and 6 Brucella abortus), 32 (86.4%) carried prpA gene. Conclusion: Presence of prpA gene in most isolates indicates the high prevalence of this gene among Iranian isolates and emphasizes its role in pathogenicity of this organism.

SUBMITTER: Hashemifar I

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5804439 | biostudies-literature | 2017

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Prevalence of proline racemase/ hydroxyproline epimerase gene in human brucella isolates in Iran.

Hashemifar Iman I Masjedian Jazi Faramarz F Yadegar Abbas A Amirmozafari Nour N

Medical journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran 20170907

Background: Human brucellosis is a zoonotic disease caused by Brucella melitensis, Brucella abortus, and Brucella suis. Brucella causes a chronic disease, which subverts the immune defense system of their hosts. In this study, the prevalence of an important Brucella virulence determinant, prpA, which can modulate immune response, was determined in human isolates. Methods: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was standardized and applied to 37 iso ...[more]

PMID: 29445686

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Project description:Sinorhizobium meliloti forms N2-fixing root nodules on alfalfa, and as a free-living bacterium, it can grow on a very broad range of substrates, including l-proline and several related compounds, such as proline betaine, trans-4-hydroxy-l-proline (trans-4-l-Hyp), and cis-4-hydroxy-d-proline (cis-4-d-Hyp). Fourteen hyp genes are induced upon growth of S. meliloti on trans-4-l-Hyp, and of those, hypMNPQ encodes an ABC-type trans-4-l-Hyp transporter and hypRE encodes an epimerase that converts trans-4-l-Hyp to cis-4-d-Hyp in the bacterial cytoplasm. Here, we present evidence that the HypO, HypD, and HypH proteins catalyze the remaining steps in which cis-4-d-Hyp is converted to ?-ketoglutarate. The HypO protein functions as a d-amino acid dehydrogenase, converting cis-4-d-Hyp to ?(1)-pyrroline-4-hydroxy-2-carboxylate, which is deaminated by HypD to ?-ketoglutarate semialdehyde and then converted to ?-ketoglutarate by HypH. The crystal structure of HypD revealed it to be a member of the N-acetylneuraminate lyase subfamily of the (?/?)8 protein family and is consistent with the known enzymatic mechanism for other members of the group. It was also shown that S. meliloti can catabolize d-proline as both a carbon and a nitrogen source, that d-proline can complement l-proline auxotrophy, and that the catabolism of d-proline is dependent on the hyp cluster. Transport of d-proline involves the HypMNPQ transporter, following which d-proline is converted to ?(1)-pyrroline-2-carboxylate (P2C) largely via HypO. The P2C is converted to l-proline through the NADPH-dependent reduction of P2C by the previously uncharacterized HypS protein. Thus, overall, we have now completed detailed genetic and/or biochemical characterization of 9 of the 14 hyp genes.Hydroxyproline is abundant in proteins in animal and plant tissues and serves as a carbon and a nitrogen source for bacteria in diverse environments, including the rhizosphere, compost, and the mammalian gut. While the main biochemical features of bacterial hydroxyproline catabolism were elucidated in the 1960s, the genetic and molecular details have only recently been determined. Elucidating the genetics of hydroxyproline catabolism will aid in the annotation of these genes in other genomes and metagenomic libraries. This will facilitate an improved understanding of the importance of this pathway and may assist in determining the prevalence of hydroxyproline in a particular environment.

Dataset Information

Prevalence of proline racemase/ hydroxyproline epimerase gene in human brucella isolates in Iran.

Publications

Prevalence of proline racemase/ hydroxyproline epimerase gene in human <i>brucella</i> isolates in Iran.

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