Dataset Information

Trends and correlates of cocaine use and cocaine use disorder in the United States from 2011 to 2015.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Recent epidemiological data suggest a resurgence in cocaine use (CU) and cocaine-related problems in the United States. Demographic trends and correlates of problem CU are needed to determine potential factors that may be influencing the increased trend and to inform targeted prevention and intervention strategies. METHODS:Trends in any past-year CU, weekly CU, and cocaine use disorder (CUD) were examined among persons aged ?12 years using the National Survey on Drug Use and Health from 2011 to 2015. Logistic regression analyses were used to determine correlates of past-year and weekly CU and CUD among adolescents and adults. RESULTS:The prevalence of past-year CU from 2011 to 2015 increased among females, ages 18-25, ages ?50, non-Hispanic Blacks, and persons reporting low income, past-year tobacco use, past-year alcohol use, and past-month binge and heavy alcohol use. The prevalence of weekly CU increased among persons aged ?50 years and persons reporting past-month heavy alcohol use. A significant increase in the prevalence of CUD was only found among persons aged ?50 years. Adjusted logistic regression showed that older age, large metropolitan residence, past-year tobacco, alcohol, cannabis, and heroin use, and major depressive episode were associated with increased odds of CU or CUD among both adolescents and adults; however, sex and race/ethnicity correlates differed among adolescents and adults. CONCLUSIONS:Findings have implications for increased monitoring of CU-related indicators among some high-risk groups, such as females, older adults, Blacks, and polysubstance users. Targeted screening and intervention strategies among these population subgroups may be needed.

SUBMITTER: John WS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5828499 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Trends and correlates of cocaine use and cocaine use disorder in the United States from 2011 to 2015.

John William S WS Wu Li-Tzy LT

Drug and alcohol dependence 20170918

<h4>Background</h4>Recent epidemiological data suggest a resurgence in cocaine use (CU) and cocaine-related problems in the United States. Demographic trends and correlates of problem CU are needed to determine potential factors that may be influencing the increased trend and to inform targeted prevention and intervention strategies.<h4>Methods</h4>Trends in any past-year CU, weekly CU, and cocaine use disorder (CUD) were examined among persons aged ≥12 years using the National Survey on Drug Us ...[more]

PMID: 28961544

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Project description:Introduction:Flavors can mask the harshness of tobacco and make it appealing to young people. This study assessed flavored and menthol tobacco product sales at the national and state levels. Methods:Universal Product Code tobacco sales data collected by Nielsen were combined for convenience stores and all-outlets-combined during October 22, 2011-January 9, 2016. Products were characterized as flavored, menthol, or non-flavored/non-menthol. Total unit sales, and the proportion of flavored and menthol unit sales, were assessed nationally and by state for seven tobacco products. Joinpoint regression was used to assess trends in average monthly percentage change. Results:Nationally, the proportion of flavored and menthol sales in 2015 was as follows: cigarettes (32.5% menthol), large cigars (26.1% flavored), cigarillos (47.5% flavored, 0.2% menthol), little cigars (21.8% flavored, 19.4% menthol), chewing tobacco (1.4% flavored, 0.7% menthol), moist snuff (3.0% flavored, 57.0% menthol), and snus (88.5% menthol). From 2011 to 2015, sales increased for flavored cigarillos and chewing tobacco, as well as for menthol cigarettes, little cigars, moist snuff, and snus. Sales decreased for flavored large cigars, moist snuff, and snus, and for menthol chewing tobacco. State-level variations were observed by product; for example, flavored little cigar sales ranged from 4.4% (Maine) to 69.3% (Utah) and flavored cigarillo sales ranged from 26.6% (Maine) to 63.0% (Maryland). Conclusions:Menthol and flavored sales have increased since 2011, particularly for the products with the highest number of units sold, and significant state variation exists. Efforts to restrict flavored tobacco product sales could reduce overall U.S. tobacco consumption. Implications:Flavors in tobacco products can mask the harshness of tobacco and make these products more appealing to young people. This is the first study to assess national and state-level trends in flavored and menthol tobacco product sales. These findings underscore the importance of population-based interventions to address flavored tobacco product use at the national, state, and local levels. Additionally, further monitoring of flavored and menthol tobacco product sales can inform potential future regulatory efforts at the national, state, and local levels.

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Dataset Information

Trends and correlates of cocaine use and cocaine use disorder in the United States from 2011 to 2015.

Publications

Trends and correlates of cocaine use and cocaine use disorder in the United States from 2011 to 2015.

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