Dataset Information

Phylogenetic classification of the world's tropical forests.

ABSTRACT: Knowledge about the biogeographic affinities of the world's tropical forests helps to better understand regional differences in forest structure, diversity, composition, and dynamics. Such understanding will enable anticipation of region-specific responses to global environmental change. Modern phylogenies, in combination with broad coverage of species inventory data, now allow for global biogeographic analyses that take species evolutionary distance into account. Here we present a classification of the world's tropical forests based on their phylogenetic similarity. We identify five principal floristic regions and their floristic relationships: (i) Indo-Pacific, (ii) Subtropical, (iii) African, (iv) American, and (v) Dry forests. Our results do not support the traditional neo- versus paleotropical forest division but instead separate the combined American and African forests from their Indo-Pacific counterparts. We also find indications for the existence of a global dry forest region, with representatives in America, Africa, Madagascar, and India. Additionally, a northern-hemisphere Subtropical forest region was identified with representatives in Asia and America, providing support for a link between Asian and American northern-hemisphere forests.

SUBMITTER: Slik JWF

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5828595 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Phylogenetic classification of the world's tropical forests.

Slik J W Ferry JWF Franklin Janet J Arroyo-Rodríguez Víctor V Field Richard R Aguilar Salomon S Aguirre Nikolay N Ahumada Jorge J Aiba Shin-Ichiro SI Alves Luciana F LF K Anitha A Avella Andres A Mora Francisco F Aymard C Gerardo A GA Báez Selene S Balvanera Patricia P Bastian Meredith L ML Bastin Jean-François JF Bellingham Peter J PJ van den Berg Eduardo E da Conceição Bispo Polyanna P Boeckx Pascal P Boehning-Gaese Katrin K Bongers Frans F Boyle Brad B Brambach Fabian F Brearley Francis Q FQ Brown Sandra S Chai Shauna-Lee SL Chazdon Robin L RL Chen Shengbin S Chhang Phourin P Chuyong George G Ewango Corneille C Coronado Indiana M IM Cristóbal-Azkarate Jurgi J Culmsee Heike H Damas Kipiro K Dattaraja H S HS Davidar Priya P DeWalt Saara J SJ Din Hazimah H Drake Donald R DR Duque Alvaro A Durigan Giselda G Eichhorn Karl K Eler Eduardo Schmidt ES Enoki Tsutomu T Ensslin Andreas A Fandohan Adandé Belarmain AB Farwig Nina N Feeley Kenneth J KJ Fischer Markus M Forshed Olle O Garcia Queila Souza QS Garkoti Satish Chandra SC Gillespie Thomas W TW Gillet Jean-Francois JF Gonmadje Christelle C Granzow-de la Cerda Iñigo I Griffith Daniel M DM Grogan James J Hakeem Khalid Rehman KR Harris David J DJ Harrison Rhett D RD Hector Andy A Hemp Andreas A Homeier Jürgen J Hussain M Shah MS Ibarra-Manríquez Guillermo G Hanum I Faridah IF Imai Nobuo N Jansen Patrick A PA Joly Carlos Alfredo CA Joseph Shijo S Kartawinata Kuswata K Kearsley Elizabeth E Kelly Daniel L DL Kessler Michael M Killeen Timothy J TJ Kooyman Robert M RM Laumonier Yves Y Laurance Susan G SG Laurance William F WF Lawes Michael J MJ Letcher Susan G SG Lindsell Jeremy J Lovett Jon J Lozada Jose J Lu Xinghui X Lykke Anne Mette AM Mahmud Khairil Bin KB Mahayani Ni Putu Diana NPD Mansor Asyraf A Marshall Andrew R AR Martin Emanuel H EH Calderado Leal Matos Darley D Meave Jorge A JA Melo Felipe P L FPL Mendoza Zhofre Huberto Aguirre ZHA Metali Faizah F Medjibe Vincent P VP Metzger Jean Paul JP Metzker Thiago T Mohandass D D Munguía-Rosas Miguel A MA Muñoz Rodrigo R Nurtjahy Eddy E de Oliveira Eddie Lenza EL Onrizal Parolin Pia P Parren Marc M Parthasarathy N N Paudel Ekananda E Perez Rolando R Pérez-García Eduardo A EA Pommer Ulf U Poorter Lourens L Qie Lan L Piedade Maria Teresa F MTF Pinto José Roberto Rodrigues JRR Poulsen Axel Dalberg AD Poulsen John R JR Powers Jennifer S JS Prasad Rama Chandra RC Puyravaud Jean-Philippe JP Rangel Orlando O Reitsma Jan J Rocha Diogo S B DSB Rolim Samir S Rovero Francesco F Rozak Andes A Ruokolainen Kalle K Rutishauser Ervan E Rutten Gemma G Mohd Said Mohd Nizam MN Saiter Felipe Z FZ Saner Philippe P Santos Braulio B Dos Santos João Roberto JR Sarker Swapan Kumar SK Schmitt Christine B CB Schoengart Jochen J Schulze Mark M Sheil Douglas D Sist Plinio P Souza Alexandre F AF Spironello Wilson Roberto WR Sposito Tereza T Steinmetz Robert R Stevart Tariq T Suganuma Marcio Seiji MS Sukri Rahayu R Sultana Aisha A Sukumar Raman R Sunderland Terry T Supriyadi Suresh H S HS Suzuki Eizi E Tabarelli Marcelo M Tang Jianwei J Tanner Ed V J EVJ Targhetta Natalia N Theilade Ida I Thomas Duncan D Timberlake Jonathan J de Morisson Valeriano Márcio M van Valkenburg Johan J Van Do Tran T Van Sam Hoang H Vandermeer John H JH Verbeeck Hans H Vetaas Ole Reidar OR Adekunle Victor V Vieira Simone A SA Webb Campbell O CO Webb Edward L EL Whitfeld Timothy T Wich Serge S Williams John J Wiser Susan S Wittmann Florian F Yang Xiaobo X Adou Yao C Yves CY Yap Sandra L SL Zahawi Rakan A RA Zakaria Rahmad R Zang Runguo R

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 20180205 8

Knowledge about the biogeographic affinities of the world's tropical forests helps to better understand regional differences in forest structure, diversity, composition, and dynamics. Such understanding will enable anticipation of region-specific responses to global environmental change. Modern phylogenies, in combination with broad coverage of species inventory data, now allow for global biogeographic analyses that take species evolutionary distance into account. Here we present a classificatio ...[more]

PMID: 29432167

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Project description:Studies of forest dynamics plots (FDPs) have revealed a variety of negative density-dependent (NDD) demographic interactions, especially among conspecific trees. These interactions can affect growth rate, recruitment and mortality, and they play a central role in the maintenance of species diversity in these complex ecosystems. Here we use an equal area annulus (EAA) point-pattern method to comprehensively analyze data from two tropical FDPs, Barro Colorado Island in Panama and Sinharaja in Sri Lanka. We show that these NDD interactions also influence the continued evolutionary diversification of even distantly related tree species in these FDPs. We examine the details of a wide range of these interactions between individual trees and the trees that surround them. All these interactions, and their cumulative effects, are strongest among conspecific focal and surrounding tree species in both FDPs. They diminish in magnitude with increasing phylogenetic distance between heterospecific focal and surrounding trees, but do not disappear or change the pattern of their dependence on size, density, frequency or physical distance even among the most distantly related trees. The phylogenetic persistence of all these effects provides evidence that interactions between tree species that share an ecosystem may continue to promote adaptive divergence even after the species' gene pools have become separated. Adaptive divergence among taxa would operate in stark contrast to an alternative possibility that has previously been suggested, that distantly related species with dispersal-limited distributions and confronted with unpredictable neighbors will tend to converge on common strategies of resource use. In addition, we have also uncovered a positive density-dependent effect: growth rates of large trees are boosted in the presence of a smaller basal area of surrounding trees. We also show that many of the NDD interactions switch sign rapidly as focal trees grow in size, and that their cumulative effect can strongly influence the distributions and species composition of the trees that surround the focal trees during the focal trees' lifetimes.

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Phylogenetic classification of the world's tropical forests.

Publications

Phylogenetic classification of the world's tropical forests.

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