Dataset Information

Tibiofemoral Osteoarthritis and Varus-Valgus Laxity.

ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study was to systematically review and synthesize the literature measuring varus-valgus laxity in individuals with tibiofemoral osteoarthritis (OA). Specifically, we aimed to identify varus-valgus laxity differences between persons with OA and controls, by radiographic disease severity, by frontal plane knee alignment, and by sex. We also aimed to identify if there was a relationship between varus-valgus laxity and clinical performance and self-reported function. We systematically searched for peer-reviewed original research articles in PubMed, Scopus, and CINAHL to identify all existing literature regarding knee OA and objective measurement of varus-valgus laxity in vivo. Forty articles were identified that met the inclusion criteria and data were extracted. Varus-valgus laxity was significantly greater in individuals with OA compared with controls in a majority of studies, while no study found laxity to be significantly greater in controls. Varus-valgus laxity of the knee was reported in persons with OA and varying degrees of frontal plane alignment, disease severity, clinical performance, and self-reported function but no consensus finding could be identified. Females with knee OA appear to have more varus-valgus laxity than males. Meta-analysis was not possible due to the heterogeneity of the subject populations and differences in laxity measurement devices, applied loading, and laxity definitions. Increased varus-valgus laxity is a characteristic of knee joints with OA. Large variances exist in reported varus-valgus laxity and may be due to differences in measurement devices. Prospective studies on joint laxity are needed to identify if increased varus-valgus laxity is a causative factor in OA incidence and progression.

SUBMITTER: Freisinger GM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5830133 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Tibiofemoral Osteoarthritis and Varus-Valgus Laxity.

Freisinger Gregory M GM Schmitt Laura C LC Wanamaker Andrea B AB Siston Robert A RA Chaudhari Ajit M W AMW

The journal of knee surgery 20160928 5

The purpose of this study was to systematically review and synthesize the literature measuring varus-valgus laxity in individuals with tibiofemoral osteoarthritis (OA). Specifically, we aimed to identify varus-valgus laxity differences between persons with OA and controls, by radiographic disease severity, by frontal plane knee alignment, and by sex. We also aimed to identify if there was a relationship between varus-valgus laxity and clinical performance and self-reported function. We systemati ...[more]

PMID: 27680888

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Project description:BackgroundTo investigate (1) the association of specific biomechanical factors with knee osteoarthritis and knee osteoarthritis development, and (2) the impact of other relevant risk factors on this association.MethodsMEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and SPORTDiscus were searched up until April 2017. Studies were included if they fulfilled the following criteria: the study 1) assessed the association of a biomechanical factor with knee osteoarthritis, or knee osteoarthritis development; 2) reported on skeletal malalignment, muscular dysfunction, impaired proprioception, laxity and abnormal loading during gait; 3) was a cohort study with participants developing knee osteoarthritis and participants not developing knee osteoarthritis, or a case-control or cross-sectional study with participants with knee osteoarthritis and without knee osteoarthritis. Risk of bias was assessed with the QUIPS tool and meta-analyses were performed using random effects models.ResultsOf 6413 unique studies identified, 59 cross-sectional studies were eligible for meta-analyses (9825 participants, 5328 with knee osteoarthritis). No cohort studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Compared with healthy controls, patients with knee osteoarthritis have higher odds of having lower muscle strength, proprioception deficits, more medial varus-valgus laxity and less lateral varus-valgus laxity. Patients with medial knee osteoarthritis have higher odds of having a higher knee adduction moment than healthy controls. Level of evidence was graded as 'very low' to 'moderate' quality. Due to large between study differences moderation of other risk factors on biomechanical risk factors could not be evaluated.ConclusionsPatients with knee osteoarthritis are more likely to display a number of biomechanical characteristics. The causal relationship between specific biomechanical factors and the development of knee osteoarthritis could not be determined as no longitudinal studies were included. There is an urgent need for high quality, longitudinal studies to evaluate the impact of specific biomechanical factors on the development of knee osteoarthritis.Trial registration(PROSPERO ID: CRD42015025092 ).

Project description:BackgroundBone abnormality and leg disease in commercial broiler flocks are increasingly prominent, causing serious economic losses to the broiler breeding industry. Valgus-varus deformity (VVD) is a common deformity of the long bone in broilers that manifests as an outward or inward deviation of the tibiotarsus or tarsometatarsus. There is a paucity of studies on the molecular mechanisms of VVD.ResultsIn this study, 6 cDNA libraries were constructed from spleen samples from VVD birds and normal birds. A total of 1951 annotated lncRNAs, 7943 novel lncRNAs and 30252 mRNAs were identified by RNA-sequencing. In addition, 420 differentially expressed (DE) mRNAs and 124 differentially expressed lncRNAs (adjusted P-value < 0.05) were obtained. A total of 16 dysregulated genes were confirmed by qPCR to be consistent with the results of the RNA-Seq. The functional lncRNA-mRNA co-expression network was constructed using differentially expressed mRNAs and target genes of the differentially expressed lncRNAs. 11 DE genes were obtained from the analysis. In order to gain insight into the interactions of genes, lncRNAs and pathways associated with VVD, we focused on the following pathways, which are involved in immunity and bone development: the Jak-stat signaling pathway, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, Wnt-signaling pathway, mTOR signaling pathway, VEGF signaling pathway, Notch signaling pathway, TGF-beta signaling pathway and Fanconi anemia pathway. All together, 30 candidate DE genes were obtained from these pathways. We then analyzed the interaction between the DE genes and their corresponding lncRNAs. From these interaction network analyses we found that GARS, NFIC, PIK3R1, BMP6, NOTCH1, ACTB and CREBBP were the key core nodes of these networks.ConclusionThis study showed that differentially expressed genes and signaling pathways were related to immunity or bone development. These results increase the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of VVD and provide some reference for the etiology and pathogenesis of VVD.

Project description:Introduction: Knee OA progression is related to medial knee contact forces, which can be altered by anatomical parameters of tibiofemoral alignment and contact point locations. There is limited and controversial literature on medial-lateral force distribution and the effect of anatomical parameters, especially in motor activities different from walking. We analyzed the effect of tibiofemoral alignment and contact point locations on knee contact forces, and the medial-lateral force distribution in knee OA subjects with varus malalignment during walking, stair ascending and stair descending. Methods: Fifty-one knee OA subjects with varus malalignment underwent weight-bearing radiographs and motion capture during walking, stair ascending and stair descending. We created a set of four musculoskeletal models per subject with increasing level of personalization, and calculated medial and lateral knee contact forces. To analyze the effect of the anatomical parameters, statistically-significant differences in knee contact forces among models were evaluated. Then, to analyze the force distribution, the medial-to-total contact force ratios were calculated from the fully-informed models. In addition, a multiple regression analysis was performed to evaluate correlations between forces and anatomical parameters. Results: The anatomical parameters significantly affected the knee contact forces. However, the contact points decreased medial forces and increased lateral forces and led to more marked variations compared to tibiofemoral alignment, which produced an opposite effect. The forces were less medially-distributed during stair negotiation, with medial-to-total ratios below 50% at force peaks. The anatomical parameters explained 30%-67% of the variability in the knee forces, where the medial contact points were the best predictors of medial contact forces. Discussion: Including personalized locations of contact points is crucial when analyzing knee contact forces in subjects with varus malalignment, and especially the medial contact points have a major effect on the forces rather than tibiofemoral alignment. Remarkably, the medial-lateral force distribution depends on the motor activity, where stair ascending and descending show increased lateral forces that lead to less medially-distributed loads compared to walking.

Dataset Information

Tibiofemoral Osteoarthritis and Varus-Valgus Laxity.

Publications

Tibiofemoral Osteoarthritis and Varus-Valgus Laxity.

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