Browse
Submit Data
Databases
API
Help

Dataset Information

19 Views

0 Connections

0 Citations

0 Reanalyses

0 Downloads

Omics score: 0

Spatial displacement of forward-diffracted X-ray beams by perfect crystals.

ABSTRACT: Time-delayed, narrow-band echoes generated by forward Bragg diffraction of an X-ray pulse by a perfect thin crystal are exploited for self-seeding at hard X-ray free-electron lasers. Theoretical predictions indicate that the retardation is strictly correlated to a transverse displacement of the echo pulses. This article reports the first experimental observation of the displaced echoes. The displacements are in good agreement with simulations relying on the dynamical diffraction theory. The echo signals are characteristic for a given Bragg reflection, the structure factor and the probed interplane distance. The reported results pave the way to exploiting the signals as an online diagnostic tool for hard X-ray free-electron laser seeding and for dynamical diffraction investigations of strain at the femtosecond timescale.

SUBMITTER: Rodriguez-Fernandez A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5831586 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Json Xml

Publications

Spatial displacement of forward-diffracted X-ray beams by perfect crystals.

Rodriguez-Fernandez A A Esposito V V Sanchez D F DF Finkelstein K D KD Juranic P P Staub U U Grolimund D D Reiche S S Pedrini B B

Acta crystallographica. Section A, Foundations and advances 20180223 Pt 2

Time-delayed, narrow-band echoes generated by forward Bragg diffraction of an X-ray pulse by a perfect thin crystal are exploited for self-seeding at hard X-ray free-electron lasers. Theoretical predictions indicate that the retardation is strictly correlated to a transverse displacement of the echo pulses. This article reports the first experimental observation of the displaced echoes. The displacements are in good agreement with simulations relying on the dynamical diffraction theory. The echo ...[more]

PMID: 29493536

Similar Datasets

Visualization of the Dynamics of Photoinduced Crawling Motion of 4-(Methylamino)Azobenzene Crystals via Diffracted X-ray Tracking.

Project description:The photoinduced crawling motion of crystals is a continuous motion that azobenzene molecular crystals exhibit under light irradiation. Such motion enables object manipulation at the microscale with a simple setup of fixed LED light sources. Transportation of nano-/micromaterials using photoinduced crawling motion has recently been reported. However, the details of the motion mechanism have not been revealed so far. Herein, we report visualization of the dynamics of fine particles in 4-(methylamino)azobenzene (4-MAAB) crystals under light irradiation via diffracted X-ray tracking (DXT). Continuously repeated melting and recrystallization of 4-MAAB crystals under light irradiation results in the flow of liquid 4-MAAB. Zinc oxide (ZnO) particles were introduced inside the 4-MAAB crystals to detect diffracted X-rays. The ZnO particles rotate with the flow of liquid 4-MAAB. By using white X-rays with a wide energy width, the rotation of each zinc oxide nanoparticle was detected as the movement of a bright spot in the X-ray diffraction pattern. It was clearly shown that the ZnO particles rotated increasingly as the irradiation light intensity increased. Furthermore, we also found anisotropy in the rotational direction of ZnO particles that occurred during the crawling motion of 4-MAAB crystals. It has become clear that the flow perpendicular to the supporting film of 4-MAAB crystals is enhanced inside the crystal during the crawling motion. DXT provides a unique means to elucidate the mechanism of photoinduced crawling motion of crystals.

| S-EPMC10744157 | biostudies-literature

Diffracted X-ray Blinking Tracks Single Protein Motions.

Project description:Single molecule dynamics studies have begun to use quantum probes. Single particle analysis using cryo-transmission electron microscopy has dramatically improved the resolution when studying protein structures and is shifting towards molecular motion observations. X-ray free-electron lasers are also being explored as routes for determining single molecule structures of biological entities. Here, we propose a new X-ray single molecule technology that allows observation of molecular internal motion over long time scales, ranging from milliseconds up to 103?seconds. Our method uses both low-dose monochromatic X-rays and nanocrystal labelling technology. During monochromatic X-ray diffraction experiments, the intensity of X-ray diffraction from moving single nanocrystals appears to blink because of Brownian motion in aqueous solutions. X-ray diffraction spots from moving nanocrystals were observed to cycle in and out of the Bragg condition. Consequently, the internal motions of a protein molecule labelled with nanocrystals could be extracted from the time trajectory using this diffracted X-ray blinking (DXB) approach. Finally, we succeeded in distinguishing the degree of fluctuation motions of an individual acetylcholine-binding protein (AChBP) interacting with acetylcholine (ACh) using a laboratory X-ray source.

| S-EPMC6269541 | biostudies-literature

Dynamic control of hybrid grafted perfect vector vortex beams.

Project description:Perfect vector vortex beams (PVVBs) have attracted considerable interest due to their peculiar optical features. PVVBs are typically generated through the superposition of perfect vortex beams, which suffer from the limited number of topological charges (TCs). Furthermore, dynamic control of PVVBs is desirable and has not been reported. We propose and experimentally demonstrate hybrid grafted perfect vector vortex beams (GPVVBs) and their dynamic control. Hybrid GPVVBs are generated through the superposition of grafted perfect vortex beams with a multifunctional metasurface. The generated hybrid GPVVBs possess spatially variant rates of polarization change due to the involvement of more TCs. Each hybrid GPVVB includes different GPVVBs in the same beam, adding more design flexibility. Moreover, these beams are dynamically controlled with a rotating half waveplate. The generated dynamic GPVVBs may find applications in the fields where dynamic control is in high demand, including optical encryption, dense data communication, and multiple particle manipulation.

| S-EPMC10318044 | biostudies-literature

Broadband generation of perfect Poincare beams via dielectric spin-multiplexed metasurface.

Project description:The term Poincaré beam, which describes the space-variant polarization of a light beam carrying spin angular momentum (SAM) and orbital angular momentum (OAM), plays an important role in various optical applications. Since the radius of a Poincaré beam conventionally depends on the topological charge number, it is difficult to generate a stable and high-quality Poincaré beam by two optical vortices with different topological charge numbers, as the Poincaré beam formed in this way collapses upon propagation. Here, based on an all-dielectric metasurface platform, we experimentally demonstrate broadband generation of a generalized perfect Poincaré beam (PPB), whose radius is independent of the topological charge number. By utilizing a phase-only modulation approach, a single-layer spin-multiplexed metasurface is shown to achieve all the states of PPBs on the hybrid-order Poincaré Sphere for visible light. Furthermore, as a proof-of-concept demonstration, a metasurface encoding multidimensional SAM and OAM states in the parallel channels of elliptical and circular PPBs is implemented for optical information encryption. We envision that this work will provide a compact and efficient platform for generation of PPBs for visible light, and may promote their applications in optical communications, information encryption, optical data storage and quantum information sciences.

| S-EPMC8044217 | biostudies-literature

Towards melanoma in situ vaccination with multiple ultra-narrow X-ray beams

Project description:Despite the recent progress, current treatment modalities are not able to eradicate cancer. We show that Microbeam Radiotherapy (MRT), an innovative type of Spatially Fractionated Radiotherapy, can control murine melanoma by activating the host’s own immune system. The beneficial effects are very pronounced in comparison to uniform radiotherapy, traditionally employed in the clinic. Our results displayed that MRT increased antigen presentation, activating Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes (CTLs) which are essential to MRT’s treatment efficacy in melanoma. Depletion of CTLs abrogated treatment response. Multiplex nucleic acid hybridization technology revealed key features of lymphocyte populations such as proliferation, differentiation, and ligand-receptor interactions. In addition, CTLs were shown to be essential for locoregional metastatic control and systemic abscopal effects confirmed by activation of antigen presenting cells and CTL trafficking in the tumour-draining lymph nodes. MRT induces a robust antitumour immune response, matching the characteristics of in situ vaccination, that could be exploited to treat a variety of treatment-resistant malignancies.

2024-11-13 | GSE268311 | GEO

Flat variable liquid crystal diffractive spiral axicon enabling perfect vortex beams generation.

Project description:A transparent variable diffractive spiral axicon (DSA) based on a single LC cell is presented. The manufactured DSA can be switched between 24 different configurations, 12 convergent and 12 divergent, where the output angle is varied as a function of the applied topological charge. The active area of the device is created using a direct laser writing technique in indium-tin oxide coated glass substrates. Liquid crystal is used to modulate the phase of the incoming beam generating the different DSA configurations. The DSA consists in 24 individually driven transparent spiral shaped electrodes, each introducing a specific phase retardation. In this article, the manufacture and characterization of the tunable DSA is presented and the performance of the DSA is experimentally demonstrated and compared to the corresponding simulations.

| S-EPMC9918518 | biostudies-literature

Perfect crystals grown from imperfect interfaces.

Project description:The fabrication of advanced devices increasingly requires materials with different properties to be combined in the form of monolithic heterostructures. In practice this means growing epitaxial semiconductor layers on substrates often greatly differing in lattice parameters and thermal expansion coefficients. With increasing layer thickness the relaxation of misfit and thermal strains may cause dislocations, substrate bowing and even layer cracking. Minimizing these drawbacks is therefore essential for heterostructures based on thick layers to be of any use for device fabrication. Here we prove by scanning X-ray nanodiffraction that mismatched Ge crystals epitaxially grown on deeply patterned Si substrates evolve into perfect structures away from the heavily dislocated interface. We show that relaxing thermal and misfit strains result just in lattice bending and tiny crystal tilts. We may thus expect a new concept in which continuous layers are replaced by quasi-continuous crystal arrays to lead to dramatically improved physical properties.

| S-EPMC3721082 | biostudies-other

Tilting and rotational motions of silver halide crystal with diffracted X-ray blinking.

Project description:The dynamic properties of crystalline materials are important for understanding their local environment or individual single-grain motions. A new time-resolved observation method is required for use in many fields of investigation. Here, we developed in situ diffracted X-ray blinking to monitor high-resolution diffraction patterns from single-crystal grains with a 50 ms time resolution. The diffraction spots of single grains of silver halides and silver moved in the θ and χ directions during the photolysis chemical reaction. The movements of the spots represent tilting and rotational motions. The time trajectory of the diffraction intensity reflecting those motions was analysed by using single-pixel autocorrelation function (sp-ACF). Single-pixel ACF analysis revealed significant differences in the distributions of the ACF decay constants between silver halides, suggesting that the motions of single grains are different between them. The rotational diffusion coefficients for silver halides were estimated to be accurate at the level of approximately 0.1 to 0.3 pm2/s. Furthermore, newly formed silver grains on silver halides correlated with their ACF decay constants. Our high-resolution atomic scale measurement-sp-ACF analysis of diffraction patterns of individual grains-is useful for evaluating physical properties that are broadly applicable in physics, chemistry, and materials science.

| S-EPMC7935957 | biostudies-literature

Perfect proton selectivity in ion transport through two-dimensional crystals.

Project description:Defect-free monolayers of graphene and hexagonal boron nitride are surprisingly permeable to thermal protons, despite being completely impenetrable to all gases. It remains untested whether small ions can permeate through the two-dimensional crystals. Here we show that mechanically exfoliated graphene and hexagonal boron nitride exhibit perfect Nernst selectivity such that only protons can permeate through, with no detectable flow of counterions. In the experiments, we use suspended monolayers that have few, if any, atomic-scale defects, as shown by gas permeation tests, and place them to separate reservoirs filled with hydrochloric acid solutions. Protons account for all the electrical current and chloride ions are blocked. This result corroborates the previous conclusion that thermal protons can pierce defect-free two-dimensional crystals. Besides the importance for theoretical developments, our results are also of interest for research on various separation technologies based on two-dimensional materials.

| S-EPMC6751181 | biostudies-literature

Crystals of DhaA mutants from Rhodococcus rhodochrous NCIMB 13064 diffracted to ultrahigh resolution: crystallization and preliminary diffraction analysis.

Project description:The enzyme DhaA from Rhodococcus rhodochrous NCIMB 13064 belongs to the haloalkane dehalogenases, which catalyze the hydrolysis of haloalkanes to the corresponding alcohols. The haloalkane dehalogenase DhaA and its variants can be used to detoxify the industrial pollutant 1,2,3-trichloropropane (TCP). Three mutants named DhaA04, DhaA14 and DhaA15 were constructed in order to study the importance of tunnels connecting the buried active site with the surrounding solvent to the enzymatic activity. All protein mutants were crystallized using the sitting-drop vapour-diffusion method. The crystals of DhaA04 belonged to the orthorhombic space group P2(1)2(1)2(1), while the crystals of the other two mutants DhaA14 and DhaA15 belonged to the triclinic space group P1. Native data sets were collected for the DhaA04, DhaA14 and DhaA15 mutants at beamline X11 of EMBL, DESY, Hamburg to the high resolutions of 1.30, 0.95 and 1.15 A, respectively.

| S-EPMC2374176 | biostudies-literature

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

OmicsDI is an Elixir interoperability service. Learn more ›

Tweets

OmicsDI Databases

PRIDE
PeptideAtlas
MassIVE
JPOST Repository
Physiome Model Repository

EGA
EVA
ENA
LINCS
PAXDB
Cell Collective

MetaboLights
Metabolomics Workbench
MetabolomeExpress
GNPS
BioModels
FAIRDOMHub

ArrayExpress
dbGaP
ExpressionAtlas
GEO
NODE

Information

Databases
Help
API
Contact us
Code on GitHub
Terms of use
Submit Data