Dataset Information

Defining Bedaquiline Susceptibility, Resistance, Cross-Resistance and Associated Genetic Determinants: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Bedaquiline (BDQ) is a novel agent approved for use in combination treatment of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). We sought to determine BDQ epidemiological cut-off values (ECVs), define and assess interpretive criteria against putative resistance associated variants (RAVs), microbiological outcomes and cross resistance with clofazimine (CFZ).

Methods

A retrospective cohort study was conducted. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) to BDQ were determined using 7H9 broth microdilution (BMD) and MGIT960. RAVs were genetically characterised using whole genome sequencing. BDQ ECVs were determined using ECOFFinder and compared with 6-month culture conversion status and CFZ MICs.

Findings

A total of 391 isolates were analysed. Susceptible and intermediate categories were determined to have MICs of ?0.125?g/ml and 0.25?g/ml using BMD and ?1?g/ml and 2?g/ml using MGIT960 respectively. Microbiological failures occurred among BDQ exposed patients with a non-susceptible BDQ MIC, an Rv0678 mutation and ?2 active drug classes. The Rv0678 RAVs were not the dominant mechanism of CFZ resistance and cross resistance was limited to isolates with an Rv0678 mutation.

Interpretation

Criteria for BDQ susceptibility are defined and will facilitate improved early detection of resistance. Cross- resistance between BDQ and CFZ is an emerging concern but in this study was primarily among those with an Rv0678 mutation.

SUBMITTER: Ismail NA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5835552 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Defining Bedaquiline Susceptibility, Resistance, Cross-Resistance and Associated Genetic Determinants: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Ismail Nazir A NA Omar Shaheed V SV Joseph Lavania L Govender Netricia N Blows Linsay L Ismail Farzana F Koornhof Hendrik H Dreyer Andries W AW Kaniga Koné K Ndjeka Norbert N

EBioMedicine 20180109

<h4>Background</h4>Bedaquiline (BDQ) is a novel agent approved for use in combination treatment of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). We sought to determine BDQ epidemiological cut-off values (ECVs), define and assess interpretive criteria against putative resistance associated variants (RAVs), microbiological outcomes and cross resistance with clofazimine (CFZ).<h4>Methods</h4>A retrospective cohort study was conducted. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) to BDQ were determined usi ...[more]

PMID: 29337135

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Project description:BackgroundDiagnosing drug-resistance remains an obstacle to the elimination of tuberculosis. Phenotypic drug-susceptibility testing is slow and expensive, and commercial genotypic assays screen only common resistance-determining mutations. We used whole-genome sequencing to characterise common and rare mutations predicting drug resistance, or consistency with susceptibility, for all first-line and second-line drugs for tuberculosis.MethodsBetween Sept 1, 2010, and Dec 1, 2013, we sequenced a training set of 2099 Mycobacterium tuberculosis genomes. For 23 candidate genes identified from the drug-resistance scientific literature, we algorithmically characterised genetic mutations as not conferring resistance (benign), resistance determinants, or uncharacterised. We then assessed the ability of these characterisations to predict phenotypic drug-susceptibility testing for an independent validation set of 1552 genomes. We sought mutations under similar selection pressure to those characterised as resistance determinants outside candidate genes to account for residual phenotypic resistance.FindingsWe characterised 120 training-set mutations as resistance determining, and 772 as benign. With these mutations, we could predict 89·2% of the validation-set phenotypes with a mean 92·3% sensitivity (95% CI 90·7-93·7) and 98·4% specificity (98·1-98·7). 10·8% of validation-set phenotypes could not be predicted because uncharacterised mutations were present. With an in-silico comparison, characterised resistance determinants had higher sensitivity than the mutations from three line-probe assays (85·1% vs 81·6%). No additional resistance determinants were identified among mutations under selection pressure in non-candidate genes.InterpretationA broad catalogue of genetic mutations enable data from whole-genome sequencing to be used clinically to predict drug resistance, drug susceptibility, or to identify drug phenotypes that cannot yet be genetically predicted. This approach could be integrated into routine diagnostic workflows, phasing out phenotypic drug-susceptibility testing while reporting drug resistance early.FundingWellcome Trust, National Institute of Health Research, Medical Research Council, and the European Union.

Dataset Information

Defining Bedaquiline Susceptibility, Resistance, Cross-Resistance and Associated Genetic Determinants: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background

Methods

Findings

Interpretation

Publications

Defining Bedaquiline Susceptibility, Resistance, Cross-Resistance and Associated Genetic Determinants: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

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