Dataset Information

Effect of long-term fertilisation on the weed community of a winter wheat field.

ABSTRACT: Effects of fertilisation and other management techniques on a weed community were evaluated during wheat growth in a rice-wheat cropping system. Fertiliser treatments were C0 (C means chemical, C0 means zero chemical fertiliser.), CN (N fertiliser), CNK (N plus K fertiliser), CNPK (N plus P and K fertiliser), CNP (N plus P fertiliser), and CPK (P plus K fertiliser). Weed density, biomass, and bio-diversity were determined. Redundancy analysis (RDA) was used to investigate the relationship between fertiliser management, weed species, and weed density. The overall weed densities in the C0 and CPK treatments were the greatest during wheat seeding and ripening periods and were significantly greater than densities in the other treatments. N, P and organic matter in soil were highly correlated with weed species and density, whereas K in soil was not significantly correlated with weed species and weed density. N fertiliser significantly reduced weed density. Balanced fertilisation maintained weed species richness and resulting in a high yield of wheat. CNPK application reduced weed damage and improved the productivity and stability of the farmland ecosystem.

SUBMITTER: Jiang M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5838251 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Effect of long-term fertilisation on the weed community of a winter wheat field.

Jiang Min M Liu Tao T Huang Niansheng N Shen Xinping X Shen Mingxing M Dai Qigen Q

Scientific reports 20180305 1

Effects of fertilisation and other management techniques on a weed community were evaluated during wheat growth in a rice-wheat cropping system. Fertiliser treatments were C0 (C means chemical, C0 means zero chemical fertiliser.), CN (N fertiliser), CNK (N plus K fertiliser), CNPK (N plus P and K fertiliser), CNP (N plus P fertiliser), and CPK (P plus K fertiliser). Weed density, biomass, and bio-diversity were determined. Redundancy analysis (RDA) was used to investigate the relationship betwee ...[more]

PMID: 29507360

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Project description:Low temperatures represent a crucial environmental factor determining winter survival (WS) of barley and wheat winter-type varieties. In laboratory experiments, low temperatures induce an active plant acclimation response, which is associated with an enhanced accumulation of several stress-inducible proteins including dehydrins. Here, dehydrin accumulations in sampled wheat (WCS120 protein family, or WCS120 and WDHN13 transcripts) and barley (DHN5 protein) varieties grown in two locations for two winters were compared with the variety WS evaluated by a provocation wooden-box test. A high correlation between dehydrin transcripts or protein relative accumulation and variety WS score was found only in samples taken prior vernalization fulfillment, when high tolerant varieties accumulated dehydrins earlier and to higher level than less tolerant varieties, and the plants have not yet been vernalized. After vernalization fulfillment, the correlation was weak, and the apical development indicated that plants reached double ridge (DR) in barley or stayed before DR in wheat. Dehydrin proteins and transcripts can be thus used as reliable markers of wheat or barley variety winter hardiness in the field conditions; however, only at the beginning of winter, when the plants have not yet finished vernalization. In wheat, a higher correlation was obtained for the total amount of dehydrins than for the individual dehydrin proteins.Highlights-More tolerant winter-type wheat and barley plants reveal higher threshold induction temperatures for dehydrin accumulation in comparison to less tolerant varieties. Thus, more tolerant winter cereals have higher dehydrin levels than the less tolerant ones upon the same ambient temperature in November samplings.-A significant correlation between dehydrin transcript/protein accumulation and winter survival was found in both winter wheat and winter barley plants in the field conditions, but only prior to vernalization fulfillment.

Project description:This study compared the photosynthetic performance and the global gene expression of the winter hardy wheat Triticum aestivum cv Norstar grown under non-acclimated (NA) or cold-acclimated (CA) condition at either ambient CO2 or elevated CO2 (EC). CA Norstar maintained comparable light saturated and CO2 saturated rates of photosynthesis but lower quantum requirements for photosystem II and non photochemical quenching relative to NA plants even at EC. Neither NA nor CA plants were sensitive to feedback inhibition of photosynthesis at EC. Global gene expression using microarray combined with bioinformatics analysis revealed that genes affected by EC were 3 times higher in NA (1022 genes) compared to CA (372 genes) Norstar. The most striking effect was the down-regulation of genes involved in the plant defense responses in NA Norstar. In contrast, cold acclimation reversed this down regulation due to the cold induction of genes involved in plant pathogenesis resistance, and cellular and chloroplast protection. These results suggest that EC have less impact on plant performance and productivity in cold adapted winter hardy plants in the northern climates compared to warmer environments. Selection for cereal cultivars with constitutively higher expression of biotic stress defense genes may be necessary under EC during the warm growth period and in warmer climates. Twelve replicate pots with 3 plants per pot were grown at either NA or CA conditions at either ambient or EC. To minimize any possible chamber effects, the 12 replicate pots at each growth condition were distributed between two growth chambers. A total of 3 biological replicates for each condition were used for microarray analyses. Each biological replicate sample was obtained by pooling three whole fully expanded 3rd leaves from different plants harvested randomly. The different biological samples of Norstar winter wheat leaves were ground in dry ice to fine powder and total RNA was extracted with trizol (Invitrogen, Burlington, ON, CA). Total RNA was cleaned using RNeasy plant mini kit (Qiagen) and integrity was determined on agarose gel and on a bioanalyser (Agilent 2100). Synthesized cDNAs were transcribed to cRNAs with the 3M-bM-^@M-^YIVT labelling kit (Santa Clara, CA, USA) and hybridized to the Affymetrix wheat genome array (Santa Clara, Ca, USA) at the McGill University and GM-CM-)nome QuM-CM-)bec Innovation Centre (Montreal, Qc, CA). The experimental design consisted of three biological replicates for each of the four growth conditions, 1: Non-acclimated (NA) at ambient CO2 (AC) (NAAC); 2: Cold-acclimated (CA) at ambient CO2 (AC) (CAAC); 3: Non-acclimated (NA) at elevated CO2 (EC) (NAEC); 4: Cold-acclimated (CA) at elevated CO2 (EC) (CAEC). Thus, a total of 3 biological samples from each of the 4 growth conditions described above were used for hybridizations.

Dataset Information

Effect of long-term fertilisation on the weed community of a winter wheat field.

Publications

Effect of long-term fertilisation on the weed community of a winter wheat field.

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