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Genetic Environment of blaTEM-1, blaCTX-M-15, blaCMY-42 and Characterization of Integrons of Escherichia coli Isolated From an Indian Urban Aquatic Environment.

ABSTRACT: The presence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) including those expressing ESBLs and AmpC-?-lactamases in Escherichia coli inhabiting the aquatic environments is a serious health problem. The situation is further complicated by the fact that ARGs can be easily transferred among bacterial species with the help of mobile genetic elements - plasmids, integrons, insertion sequences (IS), and transposons. Therefore, the analysis of genetic environment and mobile genetic elements associated with ARGs is important as these provide useful information about the epidemiology of these genes. In our previous study, we had reported presence of various ?-lactam resistance genes present in E. coli strains inhabiting the river Yamuna traversing the National Capital Territory of Delhi (India). In the present study, we have analyzed the genetic environment of three ARGs blaTEM-1, blaCTX-M-15, and blaCMY -42 of those E. coli strains. The structure of class 1 integrons and their gene cassettes was also analyzed. Insertion sequence IS26 was present upstream of blaTEM-1, ISEcp1 was present upstream of blaCTXM-15 gene and orf477 was present downstream of blaCTXM-15. ISEcp1 was also present upstream of blaCMY -42 and, blc and sugE genes were present in the downstream region of this gene. Thus, the overall genetic environment surrounding these genes was similar to that reported from E. coli strains isolated globally. Conjugation assays, isolation and analysis of plasmid DNA of the transconjugants indicated that blaTEM-1, blaCTX-M-15, blaCMY -42 and class 1 integron were plasmid-mediated and possibly transmit between genera through horizontal gene transfer (HGT). This might lead to dissemination of antimicrobial resistance genes in aquatic environment. The work embodied in this paper is the first describing the genetic environment of bla and integrons in aquatic E. coli isolated from India.

SUBMITTER: Singh NS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5845874 | biostudies-literature | 2018

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Genetic Environment of blaTEM-1, blaCTX-M-15, blaCMY-42 and Characterization of Integrons of Escherichia coli Isolated From an Indian Urban Aquatic Environment.

Singh Nambram S NS Singhal Neelja N Virdi Jugsharan S JS

Frontiers in microbiology 20180307

The presence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) including those expressing ESBLs and AmpC-β-lactamases in Escherichia coli inhabiting the aquatic environments is a serious health problem. The situation is further complicated by the fact that ARGs can be easily transferred among bacterial species with the help of mobile genetic elements - plasmids, integrons, insertion sequences (IS), and transposons. Therefore, the analysis of genetic environment and mobile genetic elements associated ...[more]

PMID: 29563901

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Project description:Multidrug-resistant (MDR) patterns due to extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production in pathogenic bacteria are now becoming prevalent in hospitals worldwide, posing a public health challenge. The aim of the present study was to determine the antibiotic susceptibility patterns and distribution of the blaTEM, blaCTX-M, blaSHV and blaOXA ESBL resistance genes in MDREnterobacteriaceae and Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii). A cross-sectional study was conducted between September 2017 and August 2018 in the King Abdullah Hospital (Bisha, Saudi Arabia). Bacterial isolates were collected from the clinical samples of patients; these were identified and screened for ESBL production and their antibiotic susceptibility was examined using standard microbiology methods. Multiplex-PCR runs were performed to identify genes encoding ESBL producers. DNA sequencing analysis was used to identify the specific gene variants. Of the 274 isolates, 173 (63.1%) exhibited MDR patterns to different antibiotics. A. baumannii revealed the highest resistance rates for cefuroxime (100%), gentamicin (88%) and amikacin (86%). Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) isolates had the highest resistance rates for cefuroxime (98%), aztreonam and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (87% for each). Escherichia coli (E. coli) exhibited high resistance rates for trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (92%) and cefuroxime (87%). Of the 173 MDR isolates, 78 (45.1%) exhibited ESBL production. Of these, 88.9% (72/78) carried ESBL genes. The most prevalent gene-encoding isolates were blaTEM (84.7%), followed by blaCTX-M (33.3%), blaSHV (2.7%) and blaOXA-1 (1.4%). A single blaTEM gene was predominantly produced by K. pneumoniae (60.7%), A. baumannii (78.9%) and Proteus mirabilis (80%), whereas blaCTX-M was harbored by E. coli (33.3%). The co-existence of two different genes in a single bacterium was revealed in 22.2% of isolates, commonly between blaTEM and blaCTX-M (19.4%). Sequencing analysis revealed that blaCTX-M-15 and blaTEM-1 were predominant variants of the blaCTX-M and blaTEM genes, respectively. The present study revealed a diversity of ESBL genes in Gram-negative bacterial isolates, with blaTEM being the most prevalent type. The emergence of various ESBL genes with several co-existing genotypes is alarming, rendering extensive surveillance studies necessary to understand the transmission and epidemiology of such resistant gene-carrying isolates.

Dataset Information

Genetic Environment of blaTEM-1, blaCTX-M-15, blaCMY-42 and Characterization of Integrons of Escherichia coli Isolated From an Indian Urban Aquatic Environment.

Publications

Genetic Environment of <i>bla</i><sub>TEM-1</sub>, <i>bla</i><sub>CTX-M-15</sub>, <i>bla</i><sub>CMY-42</sub> and Characterization of Integrons of <i>Escherichia coli</i> Isolated From an Indian Urban Aquatic Environment.

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