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Host Transcription Profile in Nasal Epithelium and Whole Blood of Hospitalized Children Under 2 Years of Age With Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection.


ABSTRACT:

Background

Most insights into the cascade of immune events after acute respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection have been obtained from animal experiments or in vitro models.

Methods

In this study, we investigated host gene expression profiles in nasopharyngeal (NP) swabs and whole blood samples during natural RSV and rhinovirus (hRV) infection (acute versus early recovery phase) in 83 hospitalized patients <2 years old with lower respiratory tract infections.

Results

Respiratory syncytial virus infection induced strong and persistent innate immune responses including interferon signaling and pathways related to chemokine/cytokine signaling in both compartments. Interferon-?/?, NOTCH1 signaling pathways and potential biomarkers HIST1H4E, IL7R, ISG15 in NP samples, or BCL6, HIST2H2AC, CCNA1 in blood are leading pathways and hub genes that were associated with both RSV load and severity. The observed RSV-induced gene expression patterns did not differ significantly in NP swab and blood specimens. In contrast, hRV infection did not as strongly induce expression of innate immunity pathways, and significant differences were observed between NP swab and blood specimens.

Conclusions

We conclude that RSV induced strong and persistent innate immune responses and that RSV severity may be related to development of T follicular helper cells and antiviral inflammatory sequelae derived from high activation of BCL6.

SUBMITTER: Do LAH 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5853303 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Host Transcription Profile in Nasal Epithelium and Whole Blood of Hospitalized Children Under 2 Years of Age With Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection.

Do Lien Anh Ha LAH   Pellet Johann J   van Doorn H Rogier HR   Tran Anh Tuan AT   Nguyen Bach Hue BH   Tran Thi Thu Loan TTL   Tran Quynh Huong QH   Vo Quoc Bao QB   Tran Dac Nguyen Anh NA   Trinh Hong Nhien HN   Nguyen Thi Thanh Hai TTH   Le Binh Bao Tinh BT   Nguyen Huu Mai Khanh HMK   Nguyen Minh Tien MT   Thai Quang Tung QT   Vo Thanh Vu TV   Ngo Ngoc Quang Minh NQM   Dang Thi Kim Huyen TKH   Cao Ngoc Huong NH   Tran Thu Van TV   Ho Lu Viet LV   De Meulder Bertrand B   Auffray Charles C   Hofstra Jorrit-Jan JJ   Farrar Jeremy J   Bryant Juliet E JE   de Jong Menno M   Hibberd Martin L ML  

The Journal of infectious diseases 20171201 1


<h4>Background</h4>Most insights into the cascade of immune events after acute respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection have been obtained from animal experiments or in vitro models.<h4>Methods</h4>In this study, we investigated host gene expression profiles in nasopharyngeal (NP) swabs and whole blood samples during natural RSV and rhinovirus (hRV) infection (acute versus early recovery phase) in 83 hospitalized patients <2 years old with lower respiratory tract infections.<h4>Results</h4>Re  ...[more]

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