Dataset Information

Limited Impact of Adolescent Meningococcal ACWY Vaccination on Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup W Carriage in University Students.

ABSTRACT:

Background

In the United Kingdom, rising levels of disease due to Neisseria meningitidis serogroup W clonal complex (cc) sequence type (ST) 11 (MenW:cc11) strains led to introduction of meningococcal conjugate vaccine (MenACWY) for teenagers. We investigated the impact of immunization on carriage of meningococci targeted by the vaccine, using whole-genome sequencing of isolates recovered from a cohort of vaccinated university students.

Methods

Strain designation data were extracted from whole-genome sequencing data. Genomes from carried and invasive MenW:cc11 strains were compared using a gene-by-gene approach. Serogrouping identified isolates expressing capsule antigens targeted by the vaccine.

Results

Isolates with a W: P1.5,2: F1-1: ST-11 (cc11) designation and belonging to the emerging 2013-strain of the South American-United Kingdom MenW:cc11 sublineage were responsible for an increase in carried group W strains. A multifocal expansion was evident, with close transmission networks extending beyond individual dormitories. Carried group Y isolates were predominantly from cc23 but showed significant heterogeneity, and individual strain designations were only sporadically recovered. No shifts toward acapsulate phenotypes were detected in targeted meningococcal populations.

Conclusions

In a setting with high levels of MenACWY use, expansion of capsule-expressing isolates from the 2013-strain of MenW:cc11 but not MenY:cc23 isolates is indicative of differential susceptibilities to vaccine-induced immunity.

SUBMITTER: Oldfield NJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5853931 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Limited Impact of Adolescent Meningococcal ACWY Vaccination on Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup W Carriage in University Students.

Oldfield Neil J NJ Green Luke R LR Parkhill Julian J Bayliss Christopher D CD Turner David P J DPJ

The Journal of infectious diseases 20180101 4

<h4>Background</h4>In the United Kingdom, rising levels of disease due to Neisseria meningitidis serogroup W clonal complex (cc) sequence type (ST) 11 (MenW:cc11) strains led to introduction of meningococcal conjugate vaccine (MenACWY) for teenagers. We investigated the impact of immunization on carriage of meningococci targeted by the vaccine, using whole-genome sequencing of isolates recovered from a cohort of vaccinated university students.<h4>Methods</h4>Strain designation data were extracte ...[more]

PMID: 29155998

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Project description:BackgroundNeisseria meningitidis can be carried asymptomatically in the human oropharynx without causing symptoms. Meningococcal carriage is relevant to the epidemiology of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD). No carriage studies have been performed among the general population in Lithuania, whereas the incidence of IMD in Lithuania was among the highest in European countries from 2009 to 2019.ResultsWe analyzed a total of 401 oropharyngeal samples collected from university students from December 2021 to February 2023 for N. meningitidis carriage using direct swab PCR assays and culture. The overall carriage prevalence based on both or either swab PCR or culture was 4.99%. PCR-based assays were used to characterize 15 carriage isolates, including detection of genogroup, multilocus sequence typing profile, and typing of antigens PorA and FetA. The most common carriage isolates were capsule null locus (cnl), accounting for 46.7%, followed by genogroups B (26.7%) and Y (13.3%). We also performed a molecular characterization of invasive N. meningitidis isolates collected during the COVID-19 pandemic and post-pandemic period to understand better the meningococcal carriage in the context of prevailing invasive strains. Despite the substantial decrease in the incidence of IMD during the 2020-2022 period, clonal complex 32 (CC32) of serogroup B continued to be the most prevalent IMD-causing CC in Lithuania. However, CC32 was not detected among carriage isolates. The most common CCs were CC269, CC198, and CC1136. The antigen peptide variants found in most carried isolates were classified as 'insufficient data' according to the MenDeVAR Index to evaluate the potential coverage by the 4CMenB vaccine. Nearly half of the isolates were potentially covered by the Men-Fhbp vaccine. Resistance to ciprofloxacin was detected only for one cnl isolate. All isolates were susceptible to penicillin and ceftriaxone. Our analysis identified frequent partying (≥ 4 times/month) as a risk factor for meningococcal carriage, whereas smoking, living in a dormitory, and previous COVID-19 illness were not associated with the carriage.ConclusionsOur study revealed a low prevalence of meningococcal carriage among university students in Lithuania. The carriage isolates showed genetic diversity, although almost half of them were identified as having a null capsule locus.

Project description:BackgroundDuring 2015-2016 an outbreak of invasive meningococcal disease due to N. meningitidis serogroup C ST-11 (cc11) occurred in Tuscany, Italy. The outbreak affected mainly the age group 20-30 years, men who have sex with men, and the area located between the cities of Firenze, Prato and Empoli, with discos and gay-venues associated-clusters. A cross-sectional-survey was conducted to assess the prevalence and risk factors for meningococcal-carriage, in order to address public health interventions.MethodsA convenience sample of people aged 11-45 years provided oropharyngeal swab specimens and completed questionnaires on risk factors for meningococcal carriage during a 3 months study-period, conducted either in the outbreak-area and in a control-area not affected by the outbreak (cities of Grosseto and Siena). Isolates were tested by culture plus polymerase chain reaction. Serogroup C meningococcal isolates were further characterized using multilocus sequence typing. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to estimate adjusted odds ratios (AORs) for meningococcal carriage.ResultsA total of 2285 oropharyngeal samples were collected. Overall, meningococcal carriage prevalence was 4.8% (n = 110), with nonencapsulated meningococci most prevalent (2.3%; n = 52). Among encapsulated meningococci, serogroup B was the most prevalent (1.8%; n = 41), followed by serogroup Y (0.5%; n = 11) and serogroup C (0.2%; n = 4); one carrier of serogroup E and one of serogroup Z, were also found (0.04%). Three individuals from the city of Empoli were found to carry the outbreak strain, C:ST-11 (cc11); this city also had the highest serogroup C carriage prevalence (0.5%). At the multivariate analyses, risk factors for meningococcal carriage were: illicit-drugs consumption (AOR 6.30; p < 0.01), active smoking (AOR 2.78; p = 0.01), disco/clubs/parties attendance (AOR 2.06; p = 0.04), being aged 20-30 years (AOR 3.08; p < 0.01), and have had same-sex intercourses (AOR 6.69; p < 0.01).ConclusionsA low prevalence of meningococcal serogroup C carriage in an area affected by an outbreak due to the hypervirulent N. meningitidis serogroup C ST-11 (cc11) strain was found. The city of Empoli had the highest attack-rate during the outbreak and also the highest meningococcal serogroup C carriage-prevalence due to the outbreak-strain. Multivariate analyses underlined a convergence of risk factors, which partially confirmed those observed among meningococcal outbreak-cases, and that should be considered in targeted immunization campaigns.

Dataset Information

Limited Impact of Adolescent Meningococcal ACWY Vaccination on Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup W Carriage in University Students.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Limited Impact of Adolescent Meningococcal ACWY Vaccination on Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup W Carriage in University Students.

Similar Datasets

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