Driving habits and behaviors of patients with brain tumors: a self-report, cognitive and driving simulation study.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Mansur A
PROVIDER: S-EPMC5854700 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Mar
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
Driving habits and behaviors of patients with brain tumors: a self-report, cognitive and driving simulation study.
Mansur Ann A Hird Megan A MA Desimone Alexa A Pshonyak Iryna I Schweizer Tom A TA Das Sunit S
Scientific reports 20180315 1
The purpose of the study is to determine driving habits and behaviors of patients with brain tumors in order to better inform discussions around driving safety in this population. Eight-four patients with brain tumors participated in a survey on their driving behaviors since their diagnosis. Thirteen of these patients and thirteen sex- and age-matched healthy controls participated in cognitive testing and several driving simulation scenarios in order to objectively assess driving performance. Su ...[more]
Similar Datasets
Project description:BackgroundAdolescence is commonly characterized by impulsivity, poor decision-making, and lack of foresight. However, the developmental neural underpinnings of these characteristics are not well established.Methodology/principal findingsTo test the hypothesis that these adolescent behaviors are linked to under-developed proactive control mechanisms, the present study employed a hybrid block/event-related functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) Stroop paradigm combined with self-report questionnaires in a large sample of adolescents and adults, ranging in age from 14 to 25. Compared to adults, adolescents under-activated a set of brain regions implicated in proactive top-down control across task blocks comprised of difficult and easy trials. Moreover, the magnitude of lateral prefrontal activity in adolescents predicted self-report measures of impulse control, foresight, and resistance to peer pressure. Consistent with reactive compensatory mechanisms to reduced proactive control, older adolescents exhibited elevated transient activity in regions implicated in response-related interference resolution.Conclusions/significanceCollectively, these results suggest that maturation of cognitive control may be partly mediated by earlier development of neural systems supporting reactive control and delayed development of systems supporting proactive control. Importantly, the development of these mechanisms is associated with cognitive control in real-life behaviors.
| S-EPMC3125248 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Self-report and cognitive tasks of reward sensitivity and self-regulation have influenced several developmental models that may explain the heightened engagement in risk behaviors during adolescence. Despite some inconsistencies across studies, few studies have explored the convergent, discriminant, and predictive validity of self-report and cognitive measures of these psychological characteristics in adolescence. The present study evaluated the convergent and discriminant validity of self-report and cognitive measures of reward sensitivity and self-regulation among 2017 adolescents (age M?=?16.8, SD?=?1.1; 56% female; 55% White, 22% Black, 8% Hispanic, 15% other race/ethnic; 49% 10th grade and 51% 12th grade). This study compared the predictive validity of an omnibus measure and specific measures of risk engagement. Convergent and discriminant validity from self-report to cognitive tasks were as predicted, although with weak convergent relationships. As hypothesized, compared to cognitive tasks, self-report measures consistently predicted risky behaviors and explained more variance in the models. These results demonstrate that while cognitive tasks can significantly predict certain risk behaviors, they require increased power to find the very small effects, raising questions about their use as implicit proxies for real world risk behavior.
| S-EPMC6732226 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND:Risky driving behaviors contribute to adolescent injury, disability, and death, yet little is known about how mental health factors are associated with adolescent driving behaviors. OBJECTIVES:The purpose of the research was to determine the association of risky driving behaviors and mental health symptoms in novice adolescent drivers. METHODS:We recruited a convenience sample (n = 60) of adolescents to complete an assessment of driving performance errors in a high-fidelity simulator (Simulated Driving Assessment [SDA] Error Score) and a self-report measure of risky driving (Behavior of Young Novice Drivers Survey [BYNDS]). Participants also completed a mental health assessment of self-reported symptoms of depression (Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD; inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity), conduct disorder, and oppositional defiant disorder (Conners-3 self-report and parent report). We evaluated the cross-sectional relationships between SDA Error Score, BYNDS, and mental health survey data with descriptive statistics, bivariate correlations, and linear regression. RESULTS:In linear regression models, higher self-reported inattentive ADHD T-scores were associated with higher SDA Error Score (model adjusted R = .20). Higher self-reported T-scores of hyperactive-impulsive ADHD and conduct disorder were associated with higher BYNDS total scores (model adjusted R = .32). Parent report measures were not associated with adolescent BYNDS total score or SDA Error Score. DISCUSSION:These data highlight the association of risky driving with adolescent symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and conduct disorder. The early stage of independent driving is an important time for addressing the relationship between driving performance and mental health conditions.
| S-EPMC5926816 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND:Patients with brain tumors treated with radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy (CT) often experience cognitive dysfunction. We reported that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the APOE, COMT, and BDNF genes may influence cognition in brain tumor patients. In this study, we assessed whether genes associated with late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD), inflammation, cholesterol transport, dopamine and myelin regulation, and DNA repair may influence cognitive outcome in this population. METHODS:One hundred and fifty brain tumor patients treated with RT ± CT or CT alone completed a neurocognitive assessment and provided a blood sample for genotyping. We genotyped genes/SNPs in these pathways: (i) LOAD risk/inflammation/cholesterol transport, (ii) dopamine regulation, (iii) myelin regulation, (iv) DNA repair, (v) blood-brain barrier disruption, (vi) cell cycle regulation, and (vii) response to oxidative stress. White matter (WM) abnormalities were rated on brain MRIs. RESULTS:Multivariable linear regression analysis with Bayesian shrinkage estimation of SNP effects, adjusting for relevant demographic, disease, and treatment variables, indicated strong associations (posterior association summary [PAS] ? 0.95) among tests of attention, executive functions, and memory and 33 SNPs in genes involved in: LOAD/inflammation/cholesterol transport (eg, PDE7A, IL-6), dopamine regulation (eg, DRD1, COMT), myelin repair (eg, TCF4), DNA repair (eg, RAD51), cell cycle regulation (eg, SESN1), and response to oxidative stress (eg, GSTP1). The SNPs were not significantly associated with WM abnormalities. CONCLUSION:This novel study suggests that polymorphisms in genes involved in aging and inflammation, dopamine, myelin and cell cycle regulation, and DNA repair and response to oxidative stress may be associated with cognitive outcome in patients with brain tumors.
| S-EPMC6784270 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveThe goal of this study was to assess whether the APOE ε4 allele and other APOE single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) influence neuropsychological and neuroimaging outcomes in patients with brain tumors.MethodsTwo hundred eleven patients with brain tumors participated in the study. All patients completed standardized neuropsychological tests and provided a blood sample for APOE genotyping. Ratings of white matter abnormalities were performed on MRI scans. Patients were classified into 2 groups based on the presence (n = 50) or absence (n = 161) of at least one APOE ε4 allele. Additional APOE SNPs were genotyped in a subset of 150 patients.ResultsPatients with at least one APOE ε4 allele had significantly lower scores in verbal learning and delayed recall, and marginally significant lower scores in executive function, in comparison to noncarriers of an ε4 allele. Patients with at least one ε4 allele and history of cigarette smoking had significantly higher scores in working memory and verbal learning than ε4 carriers who never smoked. Nine additional APOE SNPs were significantly associated with attention and executive and memory abilities. There were no significant differences between ε4 carriers and noncarriers on the extent of white matter abnormalities on MRI.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that patients with brain tumors who are carriers of the APOE ε4 allele may have increased vulnerability to developing memory and executive dysfunction, and that additional SNPs in the APOE gene may be associated with cognitive outcome.
| S-EPMC4115606 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PurposeSensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is associated with intellectual and academic declines in children treated for embryonal brain tumors. This study expands upon existing research by examining core neurocognitive processes that may result in reading difficulties in children with treatment-related ototoxicity.Patients and methodsProspectively gathered, serial, neuropsychological and audiology data for 260 children and young adults age 3 to 21 years (mean, 9.15 years) enrolled in a multisite research and treatment protocol, which included surgery, risk-adapted craniospinal irradiation (average risk, n = 186; high risk, n = 74), and chemotherapy, were analyzed using linear mixed models. Participants were assessed at baseline and up to 5 years after diagnosis and grouped according to degree of SNHL. Included were 196 children with intact hearing or mild to moderate SNHL (Chang grade 0, 1a, 1b, or 2a) and 64 children with severe SNHL (Chang grade 2b or greater). Performance on eight neurocognitive variables targeting reading outcomes (eg, phonemics, fluency, comprehension) and contributory cognitive processes (eg, working memory, processing speed) was analyzed.ResultsParticipants with severe SNHL performed significantly worse on all variables compared with children with normal or mild to moderate SNHL (P ? .05), except for tasks assessing awareness of sounds and working memory. Controlling for age at diagnosis and risk-adapted craniospinal irradiation dose, performance on the following four variables remained significantly lower for children with severe SNHL: phonemic skills, phonetic decoding, reading comprehension, and speed of information processing (P ? .05).ConclusionChildren with severe SNHL exhibit greater reading difficulties over time. Specifically, they seem to struggle most with phonological skills and processing speed, which affect higher level skills such as reading comprehension.
| S-EPMC6599406 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Introduction:Converging evidence suggests that increasing healthy behaviors may slow or prevent cognitive decline. Methods:We piloted a six-month, randomized, controlled investigation of 40 patients with mild dementia, mild cognitive impairment, or subjective cognitive decline. The intervention consisted of weekly motivational interviewing phone calls and three visits with a "Brain Health Champion" health coach, who guided participants to achieve personalized goals. Changes in behavior were measured using validated questionnaires. Results:Compared with the standard-of-care control group, Brain Health Champion participants had statistically significant and clinically meaningful increases in physical activity (Cohen's d = 1.37, P < .001), adherence to the Mediterranean diet (Cohen's d = 0.87, P = .016), cognitive/social activity (Cohen's d = 1.09, P = .003), and quality of life (Cohen's d = 1.23, P < .001). The magnitude of behavior change strongly predicted improvement in quality of life. Discussion:Our results demonstrate the feasibility and potential efficacy of a health coaching approach in changing health behaviors in cognitively impaired and at-risk patients.
| S-EPMC6861624 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Interventions: A home based, computerised cognitive rehabilitation programme to be used for 4x forty-minute sessions per week for a total of 15 weeks (i.e. 40 hours).
There are five training exercises that form the core of the program, each targeting a different area of brain functioning. These cognitive targets include visual precision, divided attention, working memory, useful field of view and visual processing speed. Each exercise has an accompanying assessment that sets an improvement goal and measures progress against that goal. The exercises adapt to an individual’s performance and all patients will complete a recommended schedule of training as per the programme design.
Primary outcome(s): The primary endpoint is self reported cognitive function as assessed by the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy - Cognitive Function (FACT-COG).
The primary outcome will be the difference between the intervention group and the control group in the change in FACT-COG score on completion of the cognitive rehabilitation program compared to the baseline score.[Self reported cognitive function as measured by FACT-COG will be evaluated at 3 time points. These assessments will be at baseline, on completion of the 15 week intervention and 6 months following completion of the intervention.]
Study Design: Purpose: Treatment; Allocation: Randomised controlled trial; Assignment: Parallel;Type of endpoint: Safety/efficacy
| 2455008 | ecrin-mdr-crc
Project description:BackgroundCognitive dysfunction is common among patients with brain tumors and can be associated with the disease and treatment with radiotherapy and chemotherapy. However, little is known about genetic risk factors that may moderate the vulnerability for developing cognitive dysfunction. In this study, we examined the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and dystrobrevin-binding protein 1 (DTNBP1) genes with cognitive functions and neuroimaging outcomes in patients with brain tumors.MethodsOne hundred and fifty patients with brain tumors completed neuropsychological tests of attention, executive functions, and memory and were genotyped for polymorphisms in the COMT, BDNF, and DTNBP1 genes. Ratings of white matter (WM) abnormalities on magnetic resonance imaging scans were performed.ResultsMultivariate regression shrinkage analyses, adjusted for age, education, treatment type, time since treatment completion, and tumor location, indicated a significant association between the COMT SNP rs4680 (Val158Met) and memory with lower scores in delayed recall (P < .01) among homozygotes (valine/valine). Additional COMT, BDNF and DTNBP1 SNPs were significantly associated with attention, executive functions, and memory scores.ConclusionThis is the first study to suggest that known and newly described polymorphisms in genes associated with executive and memory functions in healthy individuals and other clinical populations may modulate cognitive outcome in patients with brain tumors.
| S-EPMC5035520 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectivesTo describe factors associated with driving history, habits, and self-reported driving difficulties of 1982 older adults in a population-based survey.SettingThis was a community setting.ParticipantsAge-stratified random population sample drawn from publicly available voter registration list.DesignParticipants underwent assessments including cognitive testing and self-reported current and past driving status, instrumental activities of daily living, self-rated health, social supports, physical limitations, and depressive symptoms. We built multivariable logistic regression models to identify factors associated with never having driven, having ceased driving, and reporting difficulties while driving.ResultsIn the multivariable model, "never drivers" were more likely than "ever drivers" to be older, female, less educated and to leave home less frequently. Former drivers were significantly older, more likely to be women, have lower test performance in the cognitive domain of attention, have more instrumental activity of daily living difficulties, leave home less frequently and have visual field deficits in the right eye than current drivers. Current drivers with reported driving difficulties were more likely than those without difficulties to have lower test performance in attention but higher in memory, were more likely to report depressive symptoms and to have both vision and hearing loss.ConclusionAge, female sex, marital status, and education appear to be associated with driving cessation. Cognitive and functional impairments, mood symptoms and physical health also seem to influence driving cessation and reduction. Our findings may have implications for clinicians in assessing and educating their patients and families on driving safety.
| S-EPMC8387314 | biostudies-literature