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Antibody secreting B cells and plasma antibody response to rotavirus vaccination in infants from Kolkata India.

ABSTRACT: Background:Assessing immune response after rotavirus vaccination consists in measuring serum or plasma IgA and IgG antibodies, but these assays provide very little information about the mucosal immune response. Thus the development of assays for detection of mucosal immune response following rotavirus vaccination is essential. We evaluate to assess circulating antibody-secreting cells (ASCs) as a potential means to evaluate mucosal immune responses to rotavirus vaccine. Methods:372 subjects, aged 6 weeks, were enrolled in the study. All the subjects were assigned to receive two doses of Rotarix® vaccine. Using a micro-modified whole blood-based ELISPOT assay, circulating rotavirus type-specific IgA- and IgG-ASCs, including gut homing ?7+ ASCs, were enumerated on week 6 before the first dose of Rotarix vaccination at 7 weeks of age and week 18 after the second vaccination at 17 weeks of age. Plasma samples collected before vaccination, and after two doses of Rotarix® vaccination were tested for plasma rotavirus IgA titers. Results:Two doses of Rotarix® provided to induce sero-protective titer of ? 20 Units in 35% of subjects. Total blood IgA- ASC responses were detected in 26.4% of subjects who were non-responder before vaccination. Among responders, 47% of the subjects also have sero-protective plasma IgA titers. Discussion:Our results suggest that virus-specific blood gut homing ASCs were detected and provide insight into mucosal immune response after rotavirus vaccination. Further studies are needed to evaluate the duration of such immune responses and to assess the programmatic utility of this whole blood-based mucosal ASC testing for the rotavirus immunization program.

SUBMITTER: Sinha A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5857522 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Antibody secreting B cells and plasma antibody response to rotavirus vaccination in infants from Kolkata India.

Sinha Anuradha A Kanungo Suman S Kim Deok Ryun DR Manna Byomkesh B Song Manki M Park Ju Yeon JY Haldar Bisakha B Sharma Prashant P Mallick Aiyel Haque AH Kim Soon Ae SA Babji Sudhir S Sur Dipika D Kang Gagandeep G Ali Mohammad M Petri William A WA Wierzba Thomas F TF Czerkinsky Cecil C Nandy Ranjan Kumar RK Dey Ayan A

Heliyon 20180101 1

<h4>Background</h4>Assessing immune response after rotavirus vaccination consists in measuring serum or plasma IgA and IgG antibodies, but these assays provide very little information about the mucosal immune response. Thus the development of assays for detection of mucosal immune response following rotavirus vaccination is essential. We evaluate to assess circulating antibody-secreting cells (ASCs) as a potential means to evaluate mucosal immune responses to rotavirus vaccine.<h4>Methods</h4>37 ...[more]

PMID: 29560435

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Project description:BackgroundRotavirus vaccine efficacy is reduced in low-income populations, but efforts to improve vaccine performance are limited by lack of clear correlates of protection. Although plasma rotavirus (RV)-specific immunoglobulin A (IgA) appears strongly associated with protection against rotavirus gastroenteritis in high-income countries, weaker association has been observed in low-income countries. We tested the hypothesis that lower RV-specific IgA is associated with rotavirus vaccine failure in Malawian infants.MethodsIn a case-control study, we recruited infants presenting with severe rotavirus gastroenteritis following monovalent oral rotavirus vaccination (RV1 vaccine failures). Conditional logistic regression was used to determine the odds of rotavirus seronegativity (RV-specific IgA < 20 U/mL) in these cases compared 1:1 with age-matched, vaccinated, asymptomatic community controls. Plasma RV-specific IgA was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for all participants at recruitment, and for cases at 10 days after symptom onset. Rotavirus infection and genotype were determined by antigen testing and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, respectively.ResultsIn 116 age-matched pairs, infants with RV1 vaccine failure were more likely to be RV-specific IgA seronegative than controls: odds ratio, 3.1 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.6-5.9), P=.001. In 60 infants with convalescent serology, 42/45 (93%; 95% CI. 81-98) infants seronegative at baseline became seropositive. Median rise in RV-specific IgA concentration following acute infection was 112.8 (interquartile range, 19.1-380.6)-fold.ConclusionsIn this vaccinated population with high residual burden of rotavirus disease, RV1 vaccine failure was associated with lower RV-specific IgA, providing further evidence of RV-specific IgA as a marker of protection. Robust convalescent RV-specific IgA response in vaccine failures suggests differences in wild-type and vaccine-induced immunity, which informs future vaccine development.

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Antibody secreting B cells and plasma antibody response to rotavirus vaccination in infants from Kolkata India.

Publications

Antibody secreting B cells and plasma antibody response to rotavirus vaccination in infants from Kolkata India.

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