Dataset Information

Analysis of lineage-specific Alu subfamilies in the genome of the olive baboon, Papio anubis.

ABSTRACT: Background:Alu elements are primate-specific retroposons that mobilize using the enzymatic machinery of L1 s. The recently completed baboon genome project found that the mobilization rate of Alu elements is higher than in the genome of any other primate studied thus far. However, the Alu subfamily structure present in and specific to baboons had not been examined yet. Results:Here we report 129 Alu subfamilies that are propagating in the genome of the olive baboon, with 127 of these subfamilies being new and specific to the baboon lineage. We analyzed 233 Alu insertions in the genome of the olive baboon using locus specific polymerase chain reaction assays, covering 113 of the 129 subfamilies. The allele frequency data from these insertions show that none of the nine groups of subfamilies are nearing fixation in the lineage. Conclusions:Many subfamilies of Alu elements are actively mobilizing throughout the baboon lineage, with most being specific to the baboon lineage.

SUBMITTER: Steely CJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5858127 | biostudies-literature | 2018

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Analysis of lineage-specific <i>Alu</i> subfamilies in the genome of the olive baboon, <i>Papio anubis</i>.

Steely Cody J CJ Baker Jasmine N JN Walker Jerilyn A JA Loupe Charles D CD Batzer Mark A MA

Mobile DNA 20180319

<h4>Background</h4><i>Alu</i> elements are primate-specific retroposons that mobilize using the enzymatic machinery of L1 s. The recently completed baboon genome project found that the mobilization rate of <i>Alu</i> elements is higher than in the genome of any other primate studied thus far. However, the <i>Alu</i> subfamily structure present in and specific to baboons had not been examined yet.<h4>Results</h4>Here we report 129 <i>Alu</i> subfamilies that are propagating in the genome of the o ...[more]

PMID: 29560044

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Project description:The linear dimensions and inertial characteristics of the body are important in locomotion and they change considerably during the ontogeny of animals, including humans. This longitudinal and ontogenetic study has produced the largest dataset to date of segmental morphometrics in a Catarrhini species, the olive baboon. The objectives of the study were to quantify the changes in body linear and inertial dimensions and to explore their (theoretical) mechanical significance for locomotion. We took full-body measurements of captive individuals at regular intervals. Altogether, 14 females and 16 males were followed over a 7-year period, i.e. from infancy to adulthood. Our results show that individual patterns of growth are very consistent and follow the general growth pattern previously described in olive baboons. Furthermore, we obtained similar growth curve structures for segment lengths and masses, although the respective time scales were slightly different. The most significant changes in body morphometrics occurred during the first 2 years of life and concerned the distal parts of the body. Females and males were similar in size and shape at birth. The rate and duration of growth produced substantial size-related differences throughout ontogeny, while body shapes remained very similar between the sexes. We also observed significant age-related variations in limb composition, with a proximal shift of the centre of mass within the limbs, mainly due to changes in mass distribution and in the length of distal segments. Finally, we observed what we hypothesize to be 'early biomechanical optimization' of the limbs for quadrupedal walking. This is due to a high degree of convergence between the limbs' natural pendular periods in infants, which may facilitate the onset of quadrupedal walking. Furthermore, the mechanical significance of the morphological changes observed in growing baboons may be related to changing functional demands with the onset of autonomous (quadrupedal) locomotion. From a wider perspective, these data provide unique insights into questions surrounding both the processes of locomotor development in primates and how these processes might evolve.

Dataset Information

Analysis of lineage-specific Alu subfamilies in the genome of the olive baboon, Papio anubis.

Publications

Analysis of lineage-specific <i>Alu</i> subfamilies in the genome of the olive baboon, <i>Papio anubis</i>.

Similar Datasets

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