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Initial level and rate of change in grip strength predict all-cause mortality in very old adults.

ABSTRACT: Objective:to investigate the associations between initial level and rate of change in grip strength (GS) and all-cause mortality in very old adults (?85 years) over a 9.6-year follow-up. Methods:prospective mortality data from 845 participants in the Newcastle 85+ Study were analysed for survival in relation to GS (kg, baseline and 5-year mean change) using Cox proportional hazards models. Results:during the follow-up, 636 (75.3%) participants died. Higher baseline GS was associated with a decreased risk of mortality in all participants [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.95, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.93-0.98, P < 0.001], men (HR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.95-0.99, P = 0.009) and women (HR = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.94-0.99, P = 0.007) after adjustment for health, lifestyle and anthropometric factors. Overall GS slope had a downward trajectory and was determined in 602 participants: 451 experienced constant decline (negative slope) and 151 had increasing GS (positive slope) over time. Men and women with a negative slope had a 16 and 33% increased risk of mortality, respectively, with every kg/year decline in GS (P ? 0.005), and participants with a positive slope had a 31% decreased risk of mortality (P = 0.03) irrespective of baseline GS and key covariates. Conclusion:higher baseline GS and 5-year increase in GS were protective of mortality, whilst GS decline was associated with an increased risk of mortality in the very old over 9.6 years, especially in women. These results add to the biological and clinical importance of GS as a powerful predictor of long-term survival in late life.

SUBMITTER: Granic A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5860048 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Initial level and rate of change in grip strength predict all-cause mortality in very old adults.

Granic Antoneta A Davies Karen K Jagger Carol C M Dodds Richard R Kirkwood Thomas B L TBL Sayer Avan A AA

Age and ageing 20171101 6

<h4>Objective</h4>to investigate the associations between initial level and rate of change in grip strength (GS) and all-cause mortality in very old adults (≥85 years) over a 9.6-year follow-up.<h4>Methods</h4>prospective mortality data from 845 participants in the Newcastle 85+ Study were analysed for survival in relation to GS (kg, baseline and 5-year mean change) using Cox proportional hazards models.<h4>Results</h4>during the follow-up, 636 (75.3%) participants died. Higher baseline GS was a ...[more]

PMID: 28541466

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Project description:In the scientific literature, there is much evidence of a relationship between age and dexterity, where increased age is related to slower, less nimble and less smooth, less coordinated and less controlled performances. While some suggest that the relationship is a direct consequence of reduced muscle strength associated to increased age, there is a lack of research that has systematically investigated the relationships between age, strength and hand dexterity. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the associations between age, grip strength and dexterity. 107 adults (range 18-93 years) completed a series of hand dexterity tasks (i.e. steadiness, line tracking, aiming, and tapping) and a test of maximal grip strength. We performed three phases of analyses. Firstly, we evaluated the simple relationships between pairs of variables; replicating the existing literature; and found significant relationships of increased age and reduced strength; increased age and reduced dexterity, and; reduced strength and reduced dexterity. Secondly, we used standard Multiple Regression (MR) models to determine which of the age and strength factors accounted for the greater variance in dexterity. The results showed that both age and strength made significant contributions to the data variance, but that age explained more of the variance in steadiness and line tracking dexterity, whereas strength explained more of the variance in aiming and tapping dexterity. In a third phase of analysis, we used MR analyses to show an interaction between age and strength on steadiness hand dexterity. Simple Slopes post-hoc analyses showed that the interaction was explained by the middle to older aged adults showing a relationship between reduced strength and reduced hand steadiness, whereas younger aged adults showed no relationship between strength and steadiness hand dexterity. The results are discussed in terms of how age and grip strength predict different types of hand dexterity in adults.

Dataset Information

Initial level and rate of change in grip strength predict all-cause mortality in very old adults.

Publications

Initial level and rate of change in grip strength predict all-cause mortality in very old adults.

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