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Cognitive predictors of cervical cancer screening's stages of change among sample of Iranian women health volunteers: A path analysis.

ABSTRACT: The uptake of Pap smear among Iranian women is low, resulting in a high rate of casualties from cervical cancer in Iran. The present study used the Health Belief Model (HBM) and the Stages of Change theory as theoretical frameworks for understanding the predictors of the behaviour of Iranian Women Health Volunteers (WHVs) with respect to cervical cancer screening.Data from the 1,253 WHVs were analyzed using path analysis to assess the effects of cognitive factors (including knowledge, perceived susceptibility to cervical cancer, perceived severity of cervical cancer, Pap smear benefits, Pap smear barriers, and Pap smear self-efficacy) on the stages of change for Pap-smear behaviour.The majority of the respondents (71.5%) reported that they had not taken previous Pap smear tests; only 3% had received a regular Pap test. The perceived benefits to cervical cancer screening, the perceived barriers to cervical cancer screening, and the perceived self-efficacy to perform cervical cancer screening emerged as the predictors of cervical cancer screening's stages of change; perceived threat to cervical cancer, however, did not.Uptake of regular cervical screening for Iranian WHVs was very low. Different interventions, such as media campaigns and educational interventions could provide an opportunity to improve women's knowledge on cervical cancer and Pap test benefits, address any misconceptions or fears about the procedure of the Pap test, and finally increase the cervical screening uptake by Iranian women.

SUBMITTER: Miri MR

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5860704 | biostudies-literature | 2018

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Cognitive predictors of cervical cancer screening's stages of change among sample of Iranian women health volunteers: A path analysis.

Miri Mohammad Reza MR Moodi Mitra M Sharif-Zadeh Gholam-Reza GR Malaki Moghadam Hakimeh H Miri Maryam M Norozi Ensiyeh E

PloS one 20180320 3

<h4>Introduction</h4>The uptake of Pap smear among Iranian women is low, resulting in a high rate of casualties from cervical cancer in Iran. The present study used the Health Belief Model (HBM) and the Stages of Change theory as theoretical frameworks for understanding the predictors of the behaviour of Iranian Women Health Volunteers (WHVs) with respect to cervical cancer screening.<h4>Methods</h4>Data from the 1,253 WHVs were analyzed using path analysis to assess the effects of cognitive fac ...[more]

PMID: 29558488

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Project description:Urinary incontinence has an undeniable impact on the quality of life of affected women; however, talking about incontinence is not comfortable for many women, and they often hide it and do not seek treatment. Predictors affecting women's decisions to seek treatment in communities can be different. This study was designed to identify predictors of help-seeking behaviors among Iranian women with urinary incontinence.MethodsThis cross-sectional, analytical study was conducted on 199 women with urinary incontinence who met the inclusion criteria by convenience sampling from the beginning of 2020 to the middle of 2021. The Incontinence Severity Index, Bradley's Questionnaire for Urinary Incontinence Diagnosis, Medical Embarrassment Questionnaires, Brief-Illness Perception Questionnaire, Incontinence Quality of Life Questionnaire, Barrier to Incontinence Care Seeking Questionnaire, Medical Help Seeking Scale, and Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey were all self-administered data collection tools used in this study. Multiple linear regression was used to investigate the relationship and prediction of help-seeking behaviors by other variables. To analyze the data, SPSS software version 20 was used.ResultsThe variables of shame, barriers to care, social support, quality of life, and age were found to be predictors of help-seeking behavior in the research population of women with urinary incontinence. Help-seeking had a direct relationship with quality of life and an inverse relationship with other factors. Among these factors, shame has the greatest impact (P = 0/001, β = - 0/37).ConclusionsThe extracted predictors, especially the variable of "shame" as the most important negative factor related to the treatment decisions of women with urinary incontinence, will help to health service providers to take into account these factors in the regular service provision programs that promote women's health, which are effective in facilitating the help-seeking of sufferers and correct guidance towards treatment or rehabilitation.

Project description:BackgroundEffective biomarkers of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) response provide information beyond available behavioral or self-report measures and may optimize treatment selection for patients based on likelihood of benefit. No single biomarker reliably predicts CBT response. In this study, we evaluated patterns of brain connectivity associated with self-focused attention (SFA) as biomarkers of CBT response for anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorders. We hypothesized that pre-treatment as well as pre- to post-treatment changes in functional connectivity would be associated with improvement during CBT in a transdiagnostic sample.MethodsTwenty-seven patients with primary social anxiety disorder (n=14) and primary body dysmorphic disorder (n=13) were scanned before and after 12 sessions of CBT targeting their primary disorder. Eligibility was based on elevated trait SFA scores on the Public Self-Consciousness Scale. Seed-based resting state functional connectivity associated with symptom improvement was computed using a seed in the posterior cingulate cortex/precuneus that delineated a self-other functional network.ResultsAt pre-treatment, stronger positive connectivity of the seed with the cerebellum, insula, middle occipital gyrus, postcentral gyrus, and precuneus/superior parietal lobule, and stronger negative connectivity with the putamen, were associated with greater clinical improvement. Between pre- to post-treatment, greater anticorrelation between the seed and precuneus/superior parietal lobule was associated with clinical improvement, although this did not survive thresholding.ConclusionsPre-treatment functional connectivity between regions involved in attentional salience, self-generated thoughts, and external attention predicted greater CBT response. Behavioral and self-report measures of SFA did not contribute to predictions, thus highlighting the value of neuroimaging-based measures of SFA.Clinical trials registrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02808702 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02808702.

Dataset Information

Cognitive predictors of cervical cancer screening's stages of change among sample of Iranian women health volunteers: A path analysis.

Publications

Cognitive predictors of cervical cancer screening's stages of change among sample of Iranian women health volunteers: A path analysis.

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