Dataset Information

Pilates training improves 5-km run performance by changing metabolic cost and muscle activity in trained runners.

ABSTRACT:

Purpose

Strength training improves distance running economy and performance. This finding is based predominantly on maximal and explosive strength programmes applied to locomotor muscles, particularly on the lower limbs. It is not certain whether a minimization of metabolic cost (Cmet) and an improvement in running performance is feasible with strength training of the postural and trunk muscles.

Methods

Using kinematic, neuromuscular and metabolic measurements of running at two different speeds before and after a 12-week Pilates training programme, we tested the hypothesis that core training might improve the running Cmet and performance of trained runners. Thirty-two individuals were randomly assigned to the control group (CG, n = 16) or the Pilates group (PG, n = 16).

Results

Confirming our hypothesis, a significant improvement (p<0.05) was observed for running performance in the PG (pre: 25.65±0.4 min; post: 23.23±0.4 min) compared to the CG (pre: 25.33±0.58 min; post: 24.61±0.52 min). Similarly, the PG (4.33±0.07 J.kg-1.m-1) had better responses than the CG (4.71±0.11 J.kg-1.m-1) during post-training for Cmet. These findings were accompanied by decreased electromyographic activity of the postural muscles at submaximal running intensities in the PG.

Conclusions

Overall, these results provide a rationale for selecting strength training strategies that target adaptations on specific postural and locomotor muscles for trained distance runners.

SUBMITTER: Finatto P

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5862462 | biostudies-literature | 2018

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Pilates training improves 5-km run performance by changing metabolic cost and muscle activity in trained runners.

Finatto Paula P Silva Edson Soares Da ESD Okamura Alexandre B AB Almada Bruna P BP Storniolo Jorge L L JLL Oliveira Henrique B HB Peyré-Tartaruga Leonardo A LA

PloS one 20180321 3

<h4>Purpose</h4>Strength training improves distance running economy and performance. This finding is based predominantly on maximal and explosive strength programmes applied to locomotor muscles, particularly on the lower limbs. It is not certain whether a minimization of metabolic cost (Cmet) and an improvement in running performance is feasible with strength training of the postural and trunk muscles.<h4>Methods</h4>Using kinematic, neuromuscular and metabolic measurements of running at two di ...[more]

PMID: 29561907

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Project description:BackgroundRecently, much attention has been paid to the role of neuromuscular function in long-distance running performance. Complex Training (CT) is a combination training method that alternates between performing heavy resistance exercises and plyometric exercises within one single session, resulting in great improvement in neuromuscular adaptation. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of CT vs. heavy resistance training (HRT) on strength and power indicators, running economy (RE), and 5-km performance in well-trained male distance runners.MethodsTwenty-eight well-trained male distance runners (19-23 years old, VO2max:65.78 ± 4.99 ml.kg-1.min-1) performed one pre-test consisting of: maximum strength (1RM), counter movement jump (CMJ) height, peak power, a drop jump (DJ), and RE assessments, and blood lactate concentration (BLa) measurement at the speeds from 12-16 km.h-1, a 50-m sprint, and a 5-km running performance test. They were then divided into 3 groups: complex training group (CT, n = 10), that performed complex training and endurance training; heavy resistance training group (HRT, n = 9) that performed heavy strength training and endurance training; and control group (CON, n = 9) that performed strength-endurance training and endurance training. After the 8 weeks training intervention, all participants completed a post-test to investigate the training effects on the parameters measured.ResultsAfter training intervention, both the CT and HRT groups had improvements in: 1RM strength (16.88%, p < 0.001; 18.80%, p < 0.001, respectively), CMJ height (11.28%, p < 0.001; 8.96%, p < 0.001, respectively), 14 km.h-1RE (-7.68%, p < 0.001; -4.89%, p = 0.009, respectively), 50-m sprints (-2.26%, p = 0.003; -2.14%, p = 0.007, respectively) and 5-km running performance (-2.80%, p < 0.001; -2.09%, p < 0.001, respectively). The CON group did not show these improvements. All three training groups showed improvement in the 12 km.h-1RE (p ≤ 0.01). Only the CT group exhibited increases in DJ height (12.94%, p < 0.001), reactive strength index (19.99%, p < 0.001), 16 km.h-1 RE (-7.38%, p < 0.001), and a reduction of BLa concentrations at the speed of 16 km.h-1 (-40.80%, p < 0.001) between pre- and post-tests.ConclusionThis study demonstrated that CT can enhance 1RM strength, CMJ height, 12 and 14 km.h-1REs, 50-m sprints and 5-km running performances in well-trained male distance runners and may be superior to HRT for the development of reactive strength and 16 km.h-1RE, and reduction of BLa concentrations at speed of 16 km.h-1. Young male distance runners could integrate CT into their programs to improve the running performance.

Project description:Purpose: This study aimed to determine whether triceps surae's muscle architecture and Achilles tendon parameters are related to running metabolic cost (C) in trained long-distance runners. Methods: Seventeen trained male recreational long-distance runners (mean age = 34 years) participated in this study. C was measured during submaximal steady-state running (5 min) at 12 and 16 km h-1 on a treadmill. Ultrasound was used to determine the gastrocnemius medialis (GM), gastrocnemius lateralis (GL), and soleus (SO) muscle architecture, including fascicle length (FL) and pennation angle (PA), and the Achilles tendon cross-sectional area (CSA), resting length and elongation as a function of plantar flexion torque during maximal voluntary plantar flexion. Achilles tendon mechanical (force, elongation, and stiffness) and material (stress, strain, and Young's modulus) properties were determined. Stepwise multiple linear regressions were used to determine the relationship between independent variables (tendon resting length, CSA, force, elongation, stiffness, stress, strain, Young's modulus, and FL and PA of triceps surae muscles) and C (J kg-1m-1) at 12 and 16 km h-1. Results: SO PA and Achilles tendon CSA were negatively associated with C (r 2 = 0.69; p < 0.001) at 12 km h-1, whereas SO PA was negatively and Achilles tendon stress was positively associated with C (r 2 = 0.63; p = 0.001) at 16 km h-1, respectively. Our results presented a small power, and the multiple linear regression's cause-effect relation was limited due to the low sample size. Conclusion: For a given muscle length, greater SO PA, probably related to short muscle fibers and to a large physiological cross-sectional area, may be beneficial to C. Larger Achilles tendon CSA may determine a better force distribution per tendon area, thereby reducing tendon stress and C at submaximal speeds (12 and 16 km h-1). Furthermore, Achilles tendon morphological and mechanical properties (CSA, stress, and Young's modulus) and triceps surae muscle architecture (GM PA, GM FL, SO PA, and SO FL) presented large correlations with C.

Dataset Information

Pilates training improves 5-km run performance by changing metabolic cost and muscle activity in trained runners.

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Pilates training improves 5-km run performance by changing metabolic cost and muscle activity in trained runners.

Similar Datasets

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