Dataset Information

Aerobic fitness in professional soccer players after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

ABSTRACT: Although anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is considered a successful procedure in restoring knee stability, few studies have addressed the issue of aerobic capacity after ACL surgery. Soccer players need technical, tactical and physical skills to succeed, such as good knee function and aerobic capacity. Our purpose is to evaluate aerobic fitness in ACL injured professional football players and six months after ACL reconstruction compared to a control group. Twenty athletes with ACL injury were evaluated and underwent ACL reconstruction with hamstrings autograft, and were compared to twenty healthy professional soccer players. The methods used to evaluate aerobic fitness were maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) and ventilatory thresholds with a treadmill protocol, before and six months after surgery, compared to a control group. Knee function questionnaires, isokinetic strength testing and body composition evaluation were also performed.

Results

Median ACL-injured patients age was 21 years old, and controls 20.5 years old. (n.s.). Preoperative VO2max in the ACL injured group was 45.2 ± 4.3 mL/kg/min, postoperative 48.9 ± 3.8 mL/kg/min and controls 56.9 ± 4.2 mL/kg/min. (p< .001 in all comparisons). Body composition evaluation was similar in all situations. Knee function questionnaires and quadriceps peak torque deficit improved after surgery but were significantly lower compared to controls.

Conclusion

Aerobic fitness is significantly reduced in professional soccer players with ACL injury, and six months of rehabilitation was not enough to restore aerobic function after ACL reconstruction, compared to non-injured players of the same level.

SUBMITTER: Almeida AM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5864031 | biostudies-literature | 2018

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Aerobic fitness in professional soccer players after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Almeida Adriano Marques de AM Santos Silva Paulo Roberto PR Pedrinelli André A Hernandez Arnaldo J AJ

PloS one 20180322 3

Although anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is considered a successful procedure in restoring knee stability, few studies have addressed the issue of aerobic capacity after ACL surgery. Soccer players need technical, tactical and physical skills to succeed, such as good knee function and aerobic capacity. Our purpose is to evaluate aerobic fitness in ACL injured professional football players and six months after ACL reconstruction compared to a control group. Twenty athletes with AC ...[more]

PMID: 29566090

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Project description:BACKGROUND:The burden of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury in professional soccer players is particularly relevant as it represents a potentially career-threatening injury. HYPOTHESIS:Our hypotheses were that (1) injury incidence rate would be similar to that reported in the literature, (2) we would identify a uniform distribution of the injuries along the season, and (3) injury incidence rate would be similar in high-ranked and lower ranked teams, based on final placement in the league. STUDY DESIGN:Descriptive epidemiological study. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:Level 4. METHODS:Professional male soccer players participating in the Serie A championship league in 7 consecutive seasons (2011-2012 to 2017-2018) were screened to identify ACL injuries through the online football archive transfermarkt.com . Exposure in matches and training were calculated. RESULTS:There were 84 ACL injuries found (mean player age, 25.3 ± 4.2 years). Overall, 25% of ACL injuries were reruptures (15%) or contralateral injuries (10%). ACL incidence rate was 0.4215 per 1000 hours of play during Serie A matches, 0.0305 per 1000 hours of training (rate ratio [RR], 13.8; 95% CI, 8.4-22.7; P < 0.0001), and 0.0618 per 1000 hours of total play. Injury distribution had a bimodal peak, with the highest number of events in October and March. Alternatively, training injuries peaked in June and July. A significantly higher incidence rate was found for the teams ranked from 1st to 4th place compared with those ranked 5th to 20th (0.1256 vs 0.0559 per 1000 hours of play; RR, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.4-3.6; P = 0.0003). A similar finding was found for injury incidence proportion (3.76% vs 1.64%; P = 0.0003). CONCLUSION:The overall incidence rate of ACL injuries in Italian Serie A was 0.062 per 1000 hours, with a 14-fold risk in matches compared with training. Relevantly, 25% were second injuries. Most injuries occurred in October and March, and an almost 2-fold incidence rate and incidence proportion were noted in those teams ranked in the first 4 positions of the championship league. CLINICAL RELEVANCE:Knowing the precise epidemiology of ACL injury in one of the most competitive professional football championship leagues could help delineate fields of research aimed to investigate its risk factors.

Project description:BackgroundThe available literature referring to the return to play (RTP) and performance after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) has already been comprehensively summarized in team sports such as basketball or American Football. Therefore, in this sense, it is necessary to synthesize evidence relating to the mentioned parameters in soccer players who underwent ACLR.ObjectiveThe aim of this systematic review was to examine RTP and the performance of soccer players after ACLR.MethodsThree electronic databases, Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed, have been comprehensively searched to identify relevant articles. The following inclusion criteria were applied: (1) the sample of respondents consisted of soccer players irrespective of their age, sex, or level of competition; (2) athletes experienced anterior cruciate ligament injury and underwent ACLR; (3) outcomes estimated referred to the RTP, RTP at the preinjury level of competition, RTP time, performance, and career duration of soccer players; (4) studies were written in the English language. The methodological quality of the research was evaluated using the Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies (MINORS).ResultsDatabases searched yielded a total of 694 studies, of which 17 fulfilled the eligibility criteria and were included in the final analysis. These included 3657 soccer players, 2845 males and 812 females, who underwent ACLR and most commonly competed at the elite, national, amateur, and recreational levels. The results obtained indicated that 72% of soccer players successfully RTP and 53% RTP at the preinjury level of participation after ACLR. In addition, recent evidence provided in this literature review demonstrated that mean RTP time was 264 days or 8.7 months. Moreover, the majority of the studies unambiguously suggested that performance related to statistical aspects noticeably deteriorated compared with both the preinjury period and noninjured athletes. The mean career length of soccer players following ACL surgery was approximately between 4 and 5 years.ConclusionAlthough a high percentage of athletes RTP after a relatively short period of absence from the sports field compared with other sports closely related to soccer, ACLR negatively impacts soccer players' performance and career duration.

Project description:ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to compare the pressure pain threshold and muscle architecture after an anatomic single bundle reconstruction with quadriceps tendon and hamstring tendon autografts of the anterior cruciate ligament in competitive soccer players. We hypothesized that both procedures will obtain similar outcomes.MethodsFifty-one participants were enrolled in this secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial and were categorised into two groups: quadriceps tendon (QT) group (23 men and 3 women; mean age 18.7 ± 3.6; BMI 23.0 ± 2.2) or hamstring tendon (HT) group (16 men and 9 women; mean age 19.2 ± 3.6 BMI 23.5 ± 3.5). Both groups followed the same rehabilitation staged protocol. Pressure pain threshold (PPT), as a measure of perceived pain, was obtained in several points of quadriceps and hamstring muscles. Ultrasound imaging measurements were obtained in quadriceps tendon and knee cartilage thickness. Four measurements were taken in this study: baseline, 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.ResultsThe analysis of PPT did not find significant differences in both groups × interaction time in the points evaluated: epicondyle (QT = 421.1 ± 184.1 vs HT = 384.7 ± 154.1 kPa), vastus lateralis (QT = 576.2 ± 221.3 vs HT = 560.1 ± 167.7 kPa), vastus medialis (QT = 544.7 ± 198.8 vs HT = 541.1.1 ± 181.77 kPa), patellar tendon (QT = 626.3 ± 221.1 vs HT = 665.0 ± 205.5 kPa), QT (QT = 651.1 ± 276.9 vs HT = 660.0 ± 195.2 kPa). (QT = 667.8 ± 284.7 vs HT = 648.2 ± 193.4 kPa) injured knee (all P > 0.05). The results of ultrasound imaging did not show significant differences in both groups × interaction time in the thickness of the QT (QT = 9.9 ± 2.4 vs HT = 9.4 ± 1.7 kPa) and patellar cartilage (QT = 3.2 ± 0.6 vs HT = 3.2 ± 0.4 kPa) (P > 0.05).ConclusionA QT autograft produces similar results to a HT autograft in ACL reconstructions in terms of pressure pain threshold and ultrasound muscle architecture during the 1-year follow-up.Level of evidenceLevel I, Therapeutic Study.

Dataset Information

Aerobic fitness in professional soccer players after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Aerobic fitness in professional soccer players after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

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