Physical activity, diet and other behavioural interventions for improving cognition and school achievement in children and adolescents with obesity or overweight.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Martin A
PROVIDER: S-EPMC5865125 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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| S-EPMC6491168 | biostudies-literature
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| S-EPMC6481371 | biostudies-literature
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| S-EPMC7119449 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Heterogeneity of response to paediatric obesity interventions is one of the greatest challenges to obesity care. While evaluating school-based interventions by mean changes compared to control is important, it does not provide an understanding of the individual variability in response to intervention. The objective of this study was to comprehensively review school-based interventions that reported study results in terms of response and identify definitions of response used. A scoping review was conducted using a systematic search of five scientific databases from 2009 to 2021. Inclusion criteria included randomized controlled trial design, school-based setting, weight-based outcomes (e.g., BMI, BMI z-score), weight-based outcomes analysed among youth with overweight/obesity, a study conducted in a developed country and publication in English. A total of 26 reports representing 25 unique studies were included. Overall, 19% (5/26) of articles reported response. Response was defined in three ways: maintenance/decrease in BMI z-score, decrease in BMI z-score ≥0.10, and decrease in BMI z-score ≥0.20. Few school-based interventions identified an a priori intervention goal or identified the proportion of participants who responded to the intervention. Without such evaluation participants who do not benefit are likely to be overlooked.
| S-EPMC9669238 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC6669248 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundE-health, defined as the use of information and communication technologies to improve healthcare delivery and health outcomes, has been promoted as a cost-effective strategy to treat adolescent overweight and obesity. However, evidence supporting this claim is lacking.ObjectivesAssess the potential cost-effectiveness of a hypothetical e-health intervention for adolescents with overweight and obesity.MethodsThe costs and effect size (BMI reduction) of the hypothetical intervention were sourced from recent systematic reviews. Using a micro-simulation model with a lifetime time horizon, we conducted a modelled cost-utility analysis of the intervention compared to a 'do-nothing' approach. To explore uncertainty, we conducted bootstrapping on individual-level costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and performed multiple one-way sensitivity analyses.ResultsThe incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) for the e-health intervention was dominant (cheaper and more effective), with a 96% probability of being cost-effective at a willingness-to-pay (WTP) of $50 000/QALY. The ICER remained dominant in all sensitivity analyses except when using the lower bounds of the hypothetical intervention effect size, which reduced the probability of cost-effectiveness at a WTP of $50 000/QALY to 51%.ConclusionE-health interventions for treatment of adolescent overweight and obesity demonstrate very good cost-effectiveness potential and should be considered by healthcare decision makers. However, further research on the efficacy of such interventions is warranted to strengthen the case for investment.
| S-EPMC10909552 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundThis study examined the associations of diet quality assessed by Healthy Eating Index 2015 (HEI-2015), Alternative Healthy Eating Index 2010 (AHEI-2010), Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) and overweight/obesity in children and adolescents.MethodsThis cross-sectional study used data of participants aged 2-19 years from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2018. The weighted logistic regression model was adopted to explore the association between diet quality scores and overweight, obesity in children and adolescents. Subgroup analysis was also performed based on sex.ResultsA total of 9,724 participants were included in children group (2-11 years old), and 5,934 were adolescent group (12-19 years old). All participants were divided into based on the BMI-for-age: underweight and normal, overweight and obesity groups. After adjusting for age, race, poverty-income ratio, maternal smoking during pregnancy and total energy, HEI-2015 and MedDiet scores were related to the risk of overweight in children, and only MedDiet scores remained associated with a decreased risk of obesity in children. MedDiet scores were associated with a decreased risk of overweight, obesity in adolescents, respectively, after adjusting age, sex, race, poverty-income ratio, cotinine, total energy and physical activity. The similar results in male participants were also found.ConclusionHigher MedDiet scores were associated with lower the risk of overweight and obesity, respectively, particularly for male children and adolescents. The higher HEI-2015 scores were also related to the risk of overweight in children.
| S-EPMC10100112 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundThe worldwide prevalence of overweight and obesity is at alarming levels. Nearly one in three children in Europe is overweight or obese. Disordered eating and body image concerns are equally widespread and increase risk for more chronic and severe weight-related problems. Research has shown that online interventions that address both healthy weight regulation and body image can reduce risk for eating disorders and obesity simultaneously and are feasible to implement in school settings. To date, evaluation and dissemination of such programs in Europe is scant.MethodsThe Healthy Teens @ School study is a multi-country cluster-randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing the effectiveness of an unguided, online, multi-level intervention for promoting a healthy lifestyle and reducing problematic eating behavior, eating disorder and obesity risk among students aged 14 to 19 years with control condition. As part of the Horizon 2020 funded project ICare (GA No. 634757) the trial is conducted in Austria and Spain. Cluster randomization by school is used. The intervention is an adapted version of an evidence-based program developed in the USA (StayingFit). Participants of the intervention group are assigned to one of two possible program tracks based on the results of the initial online-assessment: Overweight adolescents are assigned to the "Weight Management" track emphasizing balanced eating and exercise for weight maintenance, and all other individuals are assigned to the "Healthy Habits" track which aims at promoting healthy habits related to e.g., nutrition, physical activity, sleep. The participants of both tracks work on ten modules (one 20-30 min module per week) during school hours and/or at home. Assessments are conducted at pre- and post-intervention, and at 6- and 12-months after baseline assessment. The primary outcome is intuitive eating, secondary outcomes are eating disorder symptomatology, body image concerns, body mass index, food intake, physical activity, self-esteem, stress coping, depression, and anxiety. Following the initial assessment, individuals in the control group do not have access to the prevention program but continue as normal and are only prompted to the assessments at all time points. At the end of the 12-month study they will get access to the program.DiscussionThe results from this study will add to the understanding of how to address eating and weight related problems in adolescents and will shed light on the feasibility of implementing online prevention programs in school routine in Austria and Spain. As part of the larger ICare project this RCT will determine how an adapted version of StayingFit is disseminated within Europe.
| S-EPMC6364512 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundThe global rise of adolescent overweight and obesity is posing a new challenge to the public health sector by determining the forthcoming generation for the most awful and upsetting quality of social life by inducing bantering, social isolation, and stigmatization among children that contribute to the mental wellbeing of the growing adolescents. Risk factors for overweight and/or obesity might not be the same across different regions due to differences in socioeconomic characteristics, culture, ethnicity, and geographical location. Moreover, in this study area, no report has been documented so far on the determinant factors of overweight and/or obesity among school adolescents. Hence, this study aimed at identifying context-specific determinants of overweight and/or obesity among adolescents in the study area.Methods and materialsSchool-based unmatched case-control study design was employed from March 1-30, 2019, in Butajira town, Southern Ethiopia. Data were collected regarding sociodemographic, dietary practice, physical activity, nutritional knowledge-related factors, and anthropometric measurements. Multivariable logistic regression models were fitted to identify independent predictors of overweight/obesity.ResultsWe enrolled 297 adolescents: 99 cases, 198 controls. Multivariable binary logistic regression analysis revealed that those in high socioeconomic status [AOR = 5.8, 95% CI (2.66, 12.5)], consumed soft drinks 3 and above times per week [AOR = 3.7, 95% CI (1.8, 7.3)], physically inactive [AOR = 4.4 95% CI (1.68, 11.6)], spent free time by watching television/movies for 3 and above hours per day [AOR = 8.6, 95% CI (4.3, 17)] and with poor nutritional knowledge [AOR = 3.4, 95%CI (1.7, 6.9)] were significantly associated with overweight and/obesity.ConclusionHigh socioeconomic status, consumption of soft drinks, physical inactivity, sedentary behavior, and poor nutritional knowledge were significantly associated with overweight/obesity. Therefore, strengthening parent and school-based health education in healthy nutrition behaviors and promotion tactics such as enhancing physical activity, limiting watching television, and soft drinks will be helpful to minimize overweight and obesity among adolescents.
| S-EPMC9239474 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Many adolescents have poor diet and physical activity behaviors, which can lead to the development of noncommunicable diseases in later life. Digital platforms offer inexpensive means of delivering health interventions, but little is known about their effectiveness. This systematic review was conducted to synthesize evidence on the effectiveness of digital interventions to improve diet quality and increase physical activity in adolescents, to effective intervention components and to assess the cost-effectiveness of these interventions. Following a systematic search, abstracts were assessed against inclusion criteria, and data extraction and quality assessment were performed for included studies. Data were analyzed to identify key features that are associated with significant improvement in behavior. A total of 27 studies met inclusion criteria. Most (n = 15) were Web site interventions. Other delivery methods were text messages, games, multicomponent interventions, emails, and social media. Significant behavior change was often seen when interventions included education, goal setting, self-monitoring, and parental involvement. None of the publications reported cost-effectiveness. Due to heterogeneity of studies, meta-analysis was not feasible.It is possible to effect significant health behavior change in adolescents through digital interventions that incorporate education, goal setting, self-monitoring, and parental involvement. Most of the evidence relates to Web sites and further research into alternate media is needed, and longer term outcomes should be evaluated. There is a paucity of data on the cost-effectiveness of digital health interventions, and future trials should report these data.
| S-EPMC5702542 | biostudies-literature