Dataset Information

Free-Living Responses in Energy Balance to Short-Term Overfeeding in Adults Differing in Propensity for Obesity.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

Free-living adaptive responses to short-term overfeeding (OF) were explored as predictors of longitudinal weight change in adults classified as having obesity resistance (OR) or obesity proneness (OP) based on self-identification and personal/family weight history.

Methods

Adults identified as OP (n?=?21; BMI: 23.8?±?2.5 kg/m² ) and OR (n?=?20; BMI: 20.2?±?2.1 kg/m² ) completed 3 days of eucaloric feeding (EU; 100% of energy needs) and 3 days of OF (140% of energy needs). Following each condition, adaptive responses in physical activity (PA), total daily energy expenditure, ad libitum energy intake, and energy balance were objectively measured for 3 days in a free-living environment. Body mass and composition were measured annually by using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry for 5 years. Adaptive responses to OF were correlated with 5-year changes in body mass and composition.

Results

Increases in sedentary time correlated with longitudinally measured changes in fat mass (r?=?0.34, P?=?0.04) in the cohort taken as a whole. Those with OP reduced their levels of PA following OF, whereas those with OR maintained or increased their PA. No other variables were found to correlate with weight gain.

Conclusions

Failure to decrease sedentary behavior following short-term OF is one mechanism that may be contributing to fat mass gain.

SUBMITTER: Creasy SA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5868430 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Free-Living Responses in Energy Balance to Short-Term Overfeeding in Adults Differing in Propensity for Obesity.

Creasy Seth A SA Rynders Corey A CA Bergouignan Audrey A Kealey Elizabeth H EH Bessesen Daniel H DH

Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) 20180401 4

<h4>Objective</h4>Free-living adaptive responses to short-term overfeeding (OF) were explored as predictors of longitudinal weight change in adults classified as having obesity resistance (OR) or obesity proneness (OP) based on self-identification and personal/family weight history.<h4>Methods</h4>Adults identified as OP (n = 21; BMI: 23.8 ± 2.5 kg/m<sup>2</sup> ) and OR (n = 20; BMI: 20.2 ± 2.1 kg/m<sup>2</sup> ) completed 3 days of eucaloric feeding (EU; 100% of energy needs) and 3 days of OF ...[more]

PMID: 29570248

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Project description:Introduction: Free-living movement (physical activity [PA] and sedentary behavior [SB]) and eating behaviors (energy intake [EI] and food choice) affect energy balance and therefore have the potential to influence weight loss (WL). This study explored whether free-living movement and/or eating behaviors measured early (week 3) in a 14-week WL programme or their change during the intervention are associated with WL in women. Methods: In the study, 80 women (M ± SD age: 42.0 ± 12.4 years) with overweight or obesity [body mass index (BMI): 34.08 ± 3.62 kg/m2] completed a 14 week WL program focused primarily on diet (commercial or self-led). Body mass (BM) was measured at baseline, and again during week 2 and 14 along with body composition. Free-living movement (SenseWear Armband) and eating behavior (weighed food diaries) were measured for 1 week during week 3 and 12. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses examined whether early and early-late change in free-living movement and eating behavior were associated with WL. The differences in behavior between clinically significant weight losers (CWL; ≥5% WL) and non-clinically significant weight losers (NWL; ≤ 3% WL) were compared. Results: The energy density of food consumed [β = 0.45, p < 0.001] and vigorous PA [β = -0.30, p < 0.001] early in the intervention (regression model 1) and early-late change in light PA [β = -0.81 p < 0.001], moderate PA [β = -1.17 p < 0.001], vigorous PA [β = -0.49, p < 0.001], total energy expenditure (EE) [β = 1.84, p < 0.001], and energy density of food consumed [β = 0.27, p = 0.01] (regression model 2) significantly predicted percentage change in BM. Early in the intervention, CWL consumed less energy dense foods than NWL [p = 0.03]. CWL showed a small but significant increase in vigorous PA, whereas NWL showed a slight decrease in PA [p = 0.04]. Conclusion: Both early and early-late change in free-living movement and eating behaviors during a 14 week WL program are predictors of WL. These findings demonstrate that specific behaviors that contribute to greater EE (e.g., vigorous PA) and lower EI (e.g., less energy-dense foods) are related to greater WL outcomes. Interventions targeting these behaviors can be expected to increase the effectiveness of WL programs.

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Dataset Information

Free-Living Responses in Energy Balance to Short-Term Overfeeding in Adults Differing in Propensity for Obesity.

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Free-Living Responses in Energy Balance to Short-Term Overfeeding in Adults Differing in Propensity for Obesity.

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