Dataset Information

Proportion and predictors of transfusion-transmissible infections among blood donors in North Shewa Zone, Central North Ethiopia.

ABSTRACT: Transfusion-transmissible infections (TTIs) pose a significant challenge for the availability and safety of blood transfusion. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and risk factors for TTIs among blood donors in North Shewa zone, central North Ethiopia.A retrospective survey of blood donors' medical records was conducted from April 2014 to June 2017 to assess the presence of hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and syphilis infections. Descriptive statistics such as percentage, median and interquartile range were used to summarize the data.Out of 8460 donations, 207 (2.4%, 95% CI 2.06-2.71%) had serological evidence of infection with at least one pathogen. Four of the blood donors (0.047%) had co-infection with more than one pathogen; 2HIV/HBV and 2HIV/syphilis. The overall prevalence of HBV, HCV, HIV, and syphilis among the donors were 1.2% (95% CI 0.98-1.45%), 0.32% (95% CI 0.2-0.44%), 0.25% (95% CI 0.14-0.35%), and 0.71% (95% CI 0.53-0.89%) respectively. Male sex was significantly associated with higher risk of HBV (OR 1.75, 95% CI 1.1-2.8) and syphilis sero-reactivity (OR 4.5, 95% CI1.9-10.5). Farmers and older donors were found to be at a higher risk for syphilis seropositivity.The prevalence of TTIs among blood donors in North Shewa zone was relatively low compared to those of other geographic places in Ethiopia. However, TTIs remain a concern for the availability and safety of blood transfusion as they are still prevalent in the study area. Therefore, more efforts are required to ensure the safety of blood supply and transfusions.

SUBMITTER: Deressa T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5868787 | biostudies-literature | 2018

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Proportion and predictors of transfusion-transmissible infections among blood donors in North Shewa Zone, Central North Ethiopia.

Deressa Tekalign T Birhan Wubet W Enawgaw Bamlaku B Abebe Molla M Baynes Habtamu Wondiferaw HW Desta Mekuria M Terefe Betelihem B Melku Mulugeta M

PloS one 20180326 3

<h4>Background</h4>Transfusion-transmissible infections (TTIs) pose a significant challenge for the availability and safety of blood transfusion. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and risk factors for TTIs among blood donors in North Shewa zone, central North Ethiopia.<h4>Methods</h4>A retrospective survey of blood donors' medical records was conducted from April 2014 to June 2017 to assess the presence of hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), human immunodefici ...[more]

PMID: 29579055

Similar Datasets

Project description:Maternal near-miss (MNM) refers to a woman who nearly died but survived a complication that occurred during pregnancy, childbirth, or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy. Studies in Ethiopia showed an inconsistent proportion of MNM across time and in different setups. This study is aimed at assessing the magnitude, trends, and correlates of MNM at three selected hospitals in North Shewa Zone, Central Ethiopia. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 905 mothers who gave birth from 2012 to 2017 in three hospitals using the WHO criteria for MNM. Medical records of the study subjects were selected using a systematic sampling technique. Data were retrieved using a pretested data extraction tool. Association between MNM and independent variables was assessed by using a binary logistic regression model. An odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval (CI) and p value of <0.05 were used to declare the level of significance. Of the 905 medical records reviewed, the prevalence of MNM was 14.3% (95%CI = 11.9 - 16.6) and similar over the last six years (2012-2017). The magnitude of life-threatening pregnancy complications was found to be 12.7%; severe preeclampsia (31%) and postpartum hemorrhage (26%) account for the highest proportion. Admission at a higher level of obstetric care like referral hospital (AOR = 4.85; 95% CI: 1.82-12.94) and general hospital (AOR = 3.76; 95% CI: 1.37-10.33), not using partograph for labor monitoring (AOR = 1.89; 95% CI: 1.17-3.04), history of abortion (AOR = 2.52; 95% CI: 1.18-5.37), and any other pregnancy complications (AOR = 6.91; 95% CI: 3.89-12.28) were factors significantly associated with higher MNM. Even though lower than the national figure, the proportion of MNM in the study area was very high, and there were no significant changes over the last six consecutive years. Giving special emphasis to women with prior history of pregnancy complications, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, and obstetric hemorrhage with strict and quick management protocols and the use of partograph for labor monitoring are recommended to reduce the burden of severe maternal outcomes in the study area and Ethiopia.

Project description:BackgroundAnkober District has long been inhabited by people who have a long tradition of using medicinal plants to treat human ailments. Overexploitation of medicinal plants coupled with an ever-increasing population growth, deforestation and agricultural land expansion threatens plants in the area. Hence, this study aimed at documenting and analyzing the plant-based ethnomedicinal knowledge of the people in order to preserve the dwindling indigenous knowledge.MethodsEthnobotanical data were collected using semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, participant observation and walk-in-the-woods. Quantitative approaches were used to determine Informant Consensus Factor (ICF) and Fidelity level (FL) values. Statistical tests were used to compare the indigenous knowledge on medicinal plants among different informant categories.ResultsA total of 135 medicinal plant species belonging to 128 genera and 71 botanical families were reported to treat human diseases in the District. Families Asteraceae (12 species, 9%) and Fabaceae (10, 7.4%) were found to be best represented in the area. About 44% of preparations were reported to be obtained from roots. Significant difference (P?<?0.05) was observed on the mean number of medicinal plants reported by groups of respondents compared within age, literacy level and experience parameters. Highest ICF values were recorded for gastro-intestinal & parasitic and dermatological disease categories (0.70 each) indicating best agreement among informants knowledge on medicinal plants used to treat aliments in these categories. Highest fidelity level values were recorded for Zehneria scabra (95%) and Hagenia abyssinica (93.75%) showing conformity of knowledge on species of best healing potential. Podocarpus falcatus was ranked first in a direct matrix ranking exercise of multipurpose medicinal plants. The output of preference ranking exercise indicated that Olea europaea subsp. cuspidata was the most preferred species to treat atopic eczema.ConclusionThe study revealed that Ankober District is rich in medicinal plant diversity and associated indigenous knowledge. However, anthropogenic factors coupled with acculturation and very poor conservation efforts threaten medicinal plant survival in the area. Promoting a complementary in situ and ex situ conservation strategy for medicinal plants of the District is highly recommended.

Project description:BackgroundGiardia and Cryptosporidium are the most common causes of protozoan diarrhea that lead to significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium species infections among children and cattle, and to assess the potential risk of zoonotic transmission.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted between January and April 2009 in Girar Jarso and Dera Districts of North Shewa Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. A total of 768 stool specimens were collected and examined for intestinal parasites using direct wet mount with saline and formalin ether concentration methods. The modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining method was used for the detection of Cryptosporidium species. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software version 15.ResultsOut of 384 children examined, 53 (13.8%) and 28 (7.3%) were positive for Giardia and Cryptosporidium infections, respectively. Similarly, of the total 384 cattle examined, 9 (2.3%) were positive for Giardia duodenalis and 30 (7.8%) were positive for Cryptosporidium infection. The prevalence of giardiasis was significantly higher among children who had close contact with cattle 33 (18.7%) compared to children who had no contact with cattle 20 (9.6%) (P?<?0.05). Higher number of Cryptosporidium infection was also recorded in children who had close contact with cattle 15 (8.5%). Difference in prevalence of giardiasis and cryptosporidiosis among children was not statistically significant between males and females. On the other hand, difference in the prevalence of giardiasis among children was statistically significant between age groups.ConclusionsHigher prevalence of Giardia duodenalis infection detected among children was significantly associated with contact with cattle and manure that the children had. Further analysis using molecular techniques is needed to explain the existence of zoonotic transmission in the study area.

Project description:BackgroundIn Ethiopia, the majority of animal owners throughout the country depend on traditional healthcare practices to manage their animals' health problems. This ethnoveterinary study was carried out in Ensaro District, North Showa Zone, and Amhara Region, Ethiopia, to identify medicinal plant species used by the local community to treat various livestock ailments.MethodsTo collect ethnobotanical information, a total of 389 informants (283 men and 106 women) were selected. Among these 95 traditional medicine practitioners were purposely chosen, while the remaining 294 were selected through a systematic random sampling method. Ethnobotanical data were collected through semi-structured interviews, participant observation, guided filed walks and focus group discussions. The Informant Consensus Factor (ICF) and Fidelity Level (FL) values, preference, and direct matrix exercise ranking were determined using quantitative methods. Statistical tests were used to compare indigenous knowledge of medicinal plants among different informant groups.ResultsA total of 44 ethnoveterinary medicinal plant species were collected and identified that were distributed across 43 genera and 28 families. The family Solanaceae stood first by contributing 4 species followed by Amaranthaceae, Asteraceae, Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae and lamiaceae with 3 species each. Thirty- seven (88.09%) medicinal plants were collected from wild habitats, 6 medicinal plant species were collected from home garden. The most frequently used life form was shrubs (23 species, 54.76%) followed by herbs (13 species, 30.95%). The widely used parts of medicinal plants were leaves followed by roots. Prepared remedies were administered through drenching, dropping, smearing, eating, wrapping, fumigating and washing. There was significant difference in the indigenous knowledge of medicinal plants between gender, urban and rural people, general and key informants and among age groups.ConclusionEnsaro District is a relatively rich in diversity of ethnoveterinary medicinal plants together with a rich indigenous knowledge in the local communities to collect and effectively utilize for the management different livestock diseases. On the other hand, these days, agricultural expansion, fuel wood collection, cutting plants for fence, furniture and charcoal production are the major threatening factors of these plant resources. Thus, people of the study area must implement in situ and ex-situ conservation strategies to ensure sustainable utilization of these species.

Project description:BackgroundNursing documentation is an essential component of nursing practice and has the potential to improve patient care outcomes. Poor documentation of nursing care activities among nurses has been shown to have negative impacts on healthcare quality.ObjectiveTo assess the nursing documentation practice and its associated factors among nurses working in the North Shewa Zone public hospitals, Ethiopia.MethodAn institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted at the North Shewa Zone public hospitals. A simple random sampling technique was used to select 421 nurses. A pretested, structured, self-administered questionnaire was used to gather the data. Data were entered into Epi Data version 3.1, and SPSS version 25 was used for further analysis. Binary logistic regressions were performed to identify the independent predictors of nursing documentation practice. Adjusted odds ratio was calculated and a p-value less than 0.05 with 95% confidence interval (CI) was considered as statistically significant.ResultA total of 421 respondents took part, giving the survey a 100% response rate. The overall good practice of nursing care documentation was 51.1%, 95% CI (46.6, 55.8). In addition, 43.2%, 95% CI (38.5, 48.0) and 35.6%, 95% CI (30.9, 40.1), of nurses had good knowledge of and favorable attitudes toward nursing care documentation. Availability of operational standards for nursing documentation [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.76; 95% CI: 1.18, 2.64], availability of documenting sheets (AOR = 1.51; 95% CI: 1.01, 2.29), and a monitoring system (AOR = 1.61; 95% CI: 1.07, 2.41) were significantly associated with nursing care documentation practice.ConclusionNearly half of nursing care was not documented. The practice of nursing care documentation was significantly influenced by the availability of operational standards, documenting sheets, and monitoring systems. To improve the documentation practice, a continuous monitoring system and access to operational standards and documenting sheets are needed.

Project description:BackgroundOf the 55.7 million abortions that were performed globally, 25.1 million (45.1%) were not safe. Nearly 97% of these took place in developing countries. Approximately 71% of economically developed countries allow safe abortion care (SAC) services, whereas only 16% of developing countries permit it. In sub-Saharan Africa, 92% of mothers live in 43 countries where SAC services are restricted by law. Most Ethiopian women continue to self-terminate unwanted pregnancies in hazardous conditions. The aim of this evaluation was to assess input, care providers' compliance with national guidelines, and clients' satisfaction.MethodsA multicenter cross-sectional study design with a mixed-methods approach was used. Seven public health facilities were randomly selected where 75 health caseworkers were directly observed; 296 clients and 14 key informants were interviewed, respectively. A resource inventory checklist was used to assess all inputs. The overall SAC services evaluation was summarized from 40 indicators: 13 resource availability indicators, 14 healthcare workers' compliance to national guidelines indicators, and 13 clients' satisfaction toward SAC services indicators. A multivariate logistic regression model was fit to determine factors that affect client satisfaction at a p-value <0.005.ResultsThere were 75 healthcare providers in the maternal and child health departments in the study area. Except for the interruption of water and electricity, maternal waiting area, counseling, and procedural room, all are available making 94% of resources availability. All healthcare workers were compliant in providing anti-pain medication during procedures, identifying clients if they were targeted for an HIV/AIDS test, and providing their test results as per the guideline. Nevertheless, they were poorly compliant in respecting the clients (9, 12%) and taking vital sign (33, 44%). The overall compliance was 62.3%, while only 51% were satisfied with waiting time and privacy of counseling room. The overall client satisfaction was 65%. The overall evaluation of SAC services was 72.9%.ConclusionResource availability was excellent, which was in line with national SAC expectations while the healthcare workers' compliance to national guidelines was fair, which deviated from expectations. The clients' satisfaction and the overall evaluation were good, which was below the hypothesized expectation.

Project description:BackgroundEvidence revealed that there is a statistically significant gender difference in Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among HIV-positive people on Antiretroviral therapy (ART). Consequently, HIV-positive women have low scores in all HRQoL domains than men. Despite this fact, previous studies in Ethiopia focused on general HIV-positive people and paid less attention to HIV-positive women. Therefore, this study was intended to measure HRQoL and associated factors among HIV-positive women on ART follow-up in north Shewa zone public hospitals, central Ethiopia.MethodsAn institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from February 01-April 30, 2022. Four hundred twenty-six women on ART were included using a systematic random sampling technique. Face-to-face interviews and medical record reviews were used to collect data. Both bivariable and multiple linear regressions were computed to identify the factors associated with HRQoL. A p-value <0.05 was used to assert statistically significant variables in multiple linear regression analysis.ResultsThe overall mean (SD) score of the HRQoL was 11.84 (2.44). And, 44.7% [95% CI: 40.3, 49.5] of the women have poor HRQoL. In multiple linear regression analysis, factors like depression (β = -0.35), Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) (β = -0.16), age (β = -0.07), rural residence (β = -0.52), and bedridden functional status (β = -1.02) were inversely associated with HRQoL. Oppositely, good treatment adherence (β = 0.46) was positively associated with overall HRQoL, keeping other factors constant.ConclusionThis study reveals a high magnitude of poor HRQoL among HIV-positive women. Therefore, as HRQoL domains are comprehensive indicators of living status, healthcare service providers should be dedicated to screening and supporting HIV-positive women with poor HRQoL. Additionally, healthcare providers should also pay special attention to routine PTSD screening and management for HIV-positive women due to its detrimental effect on HRQoL.

Dataset Information

Proportion and predictors of transfusion-transmissible infections among blood donors in North Shewa Zone, Central North Ethiopia.

Publications

Proportion and predictors of transfusion-transmissible infections among blood donors in North Shewa Zone, Central North Ethiopia.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets