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Cognitive Outcomes of Children Born Extremely or Very Preterm Since the 1990s and Associated Risk Factors: A Meta-analysis and Meta-regression.


ABSTRACT: Importance:Despite apparent progress in perinatal care, children born extremely or very preterm (EP/VP) remain at high risk for cognitive deficits. Insight into factors contributing to cognitive outcome is key to improve outcomes after EP/VP birth. Objective:To examine the cognitive abilities of children of EP/VP birth (EP/VP children) and the role of perinatal and demographic risk factors. Data Sources:PubMed, Web of Science, and PsycINFO were searched without language restriction (last search March 2, 2017). Key search terms included preterm, low birth weight, and intelligence. Study Selection:Peer-reviewed studies reporting intelligence scores of EP/VP children (<32 weeks of gestation) and full-term controls at age 5 years or older, born in the antenatal corticosteroids and surfactant era, were included. A total of 268 studies met selection criteria, of which 71 covered unique cohorts. Data Extraction and Synthesis:MOOSE guidelines were followed. Data were independently extracted by 2 researchers. Standardized mean differences in intelligence per study were pooled using random-effects meta-analysis. Heterogeneity in effect size across studies was studied using multivariate, random-effects meta-regression analysis. Main Outcomes and Measures:Primary outcome was intelligence. Covariates included gestational age, birth weight, birth year, age at assessment, sex, race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, small for gestational age, intraventricular hemorrhage, periventricular leukomalacia, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), necrotizing enterocolitis, sepsis, and postnatal corticosteroid use. Results:The 71 included studies comprised 7752 EP/VP children and 5155 controls. Median gestational age was 28.5 weeks (interquartile range [IQR], 2.4 weeks) and the mean age at assessment ranged from 5.0 to 20.1 years. The median proportion of males was 50.0% (IQR, 8.7%). Preterm children had a 0.86-SD lower IQ compared with controls (95% CI, -0.94 to -0.78, P?

SUBMITTER: Twilhaar ES 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5875339 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Cognitive Outcomes of Children Born Extremely or Very Preterm Since the 1990s and Associated Risk Factors: A Meta-analysis and Meta-regression.

Twilhaar E Sabrina ES   Wade Rebecca M RM   de Kieviet Jorrit F JF   van Goudoever Johannes B JB   van Elburg Ruurd M RM   Oosterlaan Jaap J  

JAMA pediatrics 20180401 4


<h4>Importance</h4>Despite apparent progress in perinatal care, children born extremely or very preterm (EP/VP) remain at high risk for cognitive deficits. Insight into factors contributing to cognitive outcome is key to improve outcomes after EP/VP birth.<h4>Objective</h4>To examine the cognitive abilities of children of EP/VP birth (EP/VP children) and the role of perinatal and demographic risk factors.<h4>Data sources</h4>PubMed, Web of Science, and PsycINFO were searched without language res  ...[more]

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