Dataset Information

Association of Coffee Consumption With Overall and Cause-Specific Mortality in a Large US Prospective Cohort Study.

ABSTRACT: Concerns about high caffeine intake and coffee as a vehicle for added fat and sugar have raised questions about the net impact of coffee on health. Although inverse associations have been observed for overall mortality, data for cause-specific mortality are sparse. Additionally, few studies have considered exclusively decaffeinated coffee intake or use of coffee additives. Coffee intake was assessed at baseline by self-report in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial. Hazard ratios were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models. Among 90,317 US adults without cancer at study baseline (1998-2001) or history of cardiovascular disease at study enrollment (1993-2001), 8,718 deaths occurred during 805,644 person-years of follow-up from 1998 through 2009. Following adjustment for smoking and other potential confounders, coffee drinkers, as compared with nondrinkers, had lower hazard ratios for overall mortality (<1 cup/day: hazard ratio (HR) = 0.99 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.92, 1.07); 1 cup/day: HR = 0.94 (95% CI: 0.87, 1.02); 2-3 cups/day: HR = 0.82 (95% CI: 0.77, 0.88); 4-5 cups/day: HR = 0.79 (95% CI: 0.72, 0.86); ?6 cups/day: HR = 0.84 (95% CI: 0.75, 0.95)). Similar findings were observed for decaffeinated coffee and coffee additives. Inverse associations were observed for deaths from heart disease, chronic respiratory diseases, diabetes, pneumonia and influenza, and intentional self-harm, but not cancer. Coffee may reduce mortality risk by favorably affecting inflammation, lung function, insulin sensitivity, and depression.

SUBMITTER: Loftfield E

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5875735 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Association of Coffee Consumption With Overall and Cause-Specific Mortality in a Large US Prospective Cohort Study.

Loftfield Erikka E Freedman Neal D ND Graubard Barry I BI Guertin Kristin A KA Black Amanda A Huang Wen-Yi WY Shebl Fatma M FM Mayne Susan T ST Sinha Rashmi R

American journal of epidemiology 20151127 12

Concerns about high caffeine intake and coffee as a vehicle for added fat and sugar have raised questions about the net impact of coffee on health. Although inverse associations have been observed for overall mortality, data for cause-specific mortality are sparse. Additionally, few studies have considered exclusively decaffeinated coffee intake or use of coffee additives. Coffee intake was assessed at baseline by self-report in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial. ...[more]

PMID: 26614599

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Project description:Coffee consumption has previously been reported to reduce overall and cause-specific mortality. We aimed to further investigate this association by coffee brewing methods and in a population with heavy coffee consumers. The information on total, filtered, instant, and boiled coffee consumption from self-administered questionnaires was available from 117,228 women in the Norwegian Women and Cancer (NOWAC) Study. We used flexible parametric survival models to calculate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality by total coffee consumption and brewing methods, and adjusted for smoking status, number of pack-years, age at smoking initiation, alcohol consumption, body mass index, physical activity, and duration of education. During 3.2 million person-years of follow-up, a total of 16,106 deaths occurred. Compared to light coffee consumers (??1 cup/day), we found a statistically significant inverse association with high-moderate total coffee consumption (more than 4 and up to 6 cups/day, HR 0.89; 95% CI 0.83-0.94) and all-cause mortality. The adverse association between heavy filtered coffee consumption (>?6 cups/day) and all-cause mortality observed in the entire sample (HR 1.09; 95% CI 1.01-1.17) was not found in never smokers (HR 0.85; 95% CI 0.70-1.05). During the follow-up, both high-moderate total and filtered coffee consumption were inversely associated with the risk of cardiovascular mortality (HR 0.79; 95% CI 0.67-0.94; HR 0.80; 95% CI 0.67-0.94, respectively). The association was stronger in the analyses of never smokers (>?6 cups of filtered coffee/day HR 0.20; 95% CI 0.08-0.56). The consumption of more than 6 cups/day of filtered, instant, and coffee overall was found to increase the risk of cancer deaths during the follow-up. However, these associations were not statistically significant in the subgroup analyses of never smokers. The data from the NOWAC study indicate that the consumption of filtered coffee reduces the risk of cardiovascular deaths. The observed adverse association between coffee consumption and cancer mortality is most likely due to residual confounding by smoking.

Project description:BackgroundWhether mushroom consumption, which is rich in several bioactive compounds, including the crucial antioxidants ergothioneine and glutathione, is inversely associated with low all-cause and cause-specific mortality remains uncertain. This study aimed to prospectively investigate the association between mushroom consumption and all-cause and cause-specific mortality risk.MethodsLongitudinal analyses of participants from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) extant data (1988-1994). Mushroom intake was assessed by a single 24-h dietary recall using the US Department of Agriculture food codes for recipe foods. All-cause and cause-specific mortality were assessed in all participants linked to the National Death Index mortality data (1988-2015). We used Cox proportional hazards regression models to calculate multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for all-cause and cause-specific mortality.ResultsAmong 15,546 participants included in the current analysis, the mean (SE) age was 44.3 (0.5) years. During a mean (SD) follow-up duration of 19.5 (7.4) years , a total of 5826 deaths were documented. Participants who reported consuming mushrooms had lower risk of all-cause mortality compared with those without mushroom intake (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 0.84; 95% CI: 0.73-0.98) after adjusting for demographic, major lifestyle factors, overall diet quality, and other dietary factors including total energy. When cause-specific mortality was examined, we did not observe any statistically significant associations with mushroom consumption. Consuming 1-serving of mushrooms per day instead of 1-serving of processed or red meats was associated with lower risk of all-cause mortality (adjusted HR = 0.65; 95% CI: 0.50-0.84). We also observed a dose-response relationship between higher mushroom consumption and lower risk of all-cause mortality (P-trend = 0.03).ConclusionMushroom consumption was associated with a lower risk of total mortality in this nationally representative sample of US adults.

Project description:BackgroundCoffee is one of the most widely consumed beverages, but the association between coffee consumption and the risk of death remains unclear.MethodsWe examined the association of coffee drinking with subsequent total and cause-specific mortality among 229,119 men and 173,141 women in the National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and Health Study who were 50 to 71 years of age at baseline. Participants with cancer, heart disease, and stroke were excluded. Coffee consumption was assessed once at baseline.ResultsDuring 5,148,760 person-years of follow-up between 1995 and 2008, a total of 33,731 men and 18,784 women died. In age-adjusted models, the risk of death was increased among coffee drinkers. However, coffee drinkers were also more likely to smoke, and, after adjustment for tobacco-smoking status and other potential confounders, there was a significant inverse association between coffee consumption and mortality. Adjusted hazard ratios for death among men who drank coffee as compared with those who did not were as follows: 0.99 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.95 to 1.04) for drinking less than 1 cup per day, 0.94 (95% CI, 0.90 to 0.99) for 1 cup, 0.90 (95% CI, 0.86 to 0.93) for 2 or 3 cups, 0.88 (95% CI, 0.84 to 0.93) for 4 or 5 cups, and 0.90 (95% CI, 0.85 to 0.96) for 6 or more cups of coffee per day (P<0.001 for trend); the respective hazard ratios among women were 1.01 (95% CI, 0.96 to 1.07), 0.95 (95% CI, 0.90 to 1.01), 0.87 (95% CI, 0.83 to 0.92), 0.84 (95% CI, 0.79 to 0.90), and 0.85 (95% CI, 0.78 to 0.93) (P<0.001 for trend). Inverse associations were observed for deaths due to heart disease, respiratory disease, stroke, injuries and accidents, diabetes, and infections, but not for deaths due to cancer. Results were similar in subgroups, including persons who had never smoked and persons who reported very good to excellent health at baseline.ConclusionsIn this large prospective study, coffee consumption was inversely associated with total and cause-specific mortality. Whether this was a causal or associational finding cannot be determined from our data. (Funded by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics.).

Project description:Aim The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between coffee, tea, caffeine consumption and risk of all-cause death and cardiovascular disease (CVD) death in CVD population. Methods This cohort study included 626 CVD participants aged ≥18 years old who derived from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) database 2003–2006. The end time of follow-up was 2015, and with a median follow-up time of 113.5 (63, 133) months. CVD death was defined as a death caused by congestive heart failure (CHF), coronary heart disease (CHD), angina pectoris, heart attack or stroke. Cox model and competitive-risk model were used to explore the relationship of coffee, tea, caffeine, decaffeinated coffee/tea on the risk of the all-cause death and CVD death for CVD population, respectively. Additionally, we explored the effect of urinary caffeine and caffeine metabolites on all-cause death. Results All patients were divided into survival group (n = 304), non-CVD death group (n = 223), and CVD death group (n = 99). The incidence of all-cause death and CVD death was ~51.44 and 15.81% in the study. After adjusting age, body mass index (BMI), cancer, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), energy, the history of CVD medications, carbohydrate and family income to poverty ratio (PIR), the results suggested coffee, caffeine, iced tea and hot tea consumption (≥4 cups per day) were associated with an increased risk of the all-cause death in CVD patients; while hot tea (1–3 cups per day), decaffeinated coffee/iced tea/hot tea could reduce the risk of the all-cause death. Likewise, coffee, caffeine, iced tea (≥4 cups per day), hot tea, decaffeinated iced tea/ hot tea (Always) could enhance the risk of the CVD death in CVD population. We also found that 1-methylxanthine showed a significant positive association on the risk of all-cause death in CVD population. Conclusion Our study indicated that higher consumption of coffee, tea and caffeine could increase the risk of all-cause and CVD death for CVD patients.

Dataset Information

Association of Coffee Consumption With Overall and Cause-Specific Mortality in a Large US Prospective Cohort Study.

Publications

Association of Coffee Consumption With Overall and Cause-Specific Mortality in a Large US Prospective Cohort Study.

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