Serum metabolomic profile of incident diabetes.
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ABSTRACT: AIMS/HYPOTHESIS:Metabolomic profiling offers the potential to reveal metabolic pathways relevant to the pathophysiology of diabetes and improve diabetes risk prediction. METHODS:We prospectively analysed known metabolites using an untargeted approach in serum specimens from baseline (1987-1989) and incident diabetes through to 31 December 2015 in a subset of 2939 Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study participants with metabolomics data and without prevalent diabetes. RESULTS:Among the 245 named compounds identified, seven metabolites were significantly associated with incident diabetes after Bonferroni correction and covariate adjustment; these included a food additive (erythritol) and compounds involved in amino acid metabolism [isoleucine, leucine, valine, asparagine, 3-(4-hydoxyphenyl)lactate] and glucose metabolism (trehalose). Higher levels of metabolites were associated with increased risk of incident diabetes (HR per 1 SD increase in isoleucine 2.96, 95% CI 2.02, 4.35, p?=?3.18?×?10-8; HR per 1 SD increase in trehalose 1.16, 95% CI 1.09, 1.25, p?=?1.87?×?10-5), with the exception of asparagine, which was associated with a lower risk of diabetes (HR per 1 SD increase in asparagine 0.78, 95% CI 0.71, 0.85, p?=?4.19?×?10-8). The seven metabolites modestly improved prediction of incident diabetes beyond fasting glucose and established risk factors (C statistics 0.744 vs 0.735, p?=?0.001 for the difference in C statistics). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION:Branched chain amino acids may play a role in diabetes development. Our study is the first to report asparagine as a protective biomarker of diabetes risk. The serum metabolome reflects known and novel metabolic disturbances that improve prediction of diabetes.
SUBMITTER: Rebholz CM
PROVIDER: S-EPMC5878141 | biostudies-literature | 2018 May
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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