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Cross sectional study on prevalence of sickle cell alleles S and C among patients with mild malaria in Ivory Coast.

ABSTRACT: Sickle cell anemia is due to a mutations on the betaglobin gene, inducing abnormal hemoglobin. In West Africa the main mutations lead to S or C types of hemoglobin. Patients with homozygote mutations seem protected against severe malaria, but not against mild disease. The prevalence of abnormal hemoglobin among patients attending dispensaries for mild malaria is thus unknown. A retrospective study was conducted to update data on the prevalence of S and C hemoglobin among patients attending dispensaries with mild malaria. Enrolment of patients was conducted during in vivo malaria treatment efficacy survey following the 42 days WHO protocol. A group of non-infected pregnant women and a group of patients with fever different from malaria, were also recruited in the same dispensaries.794 blood samples were included. S and C genotypes were found in all the regions of Ivory Coast with the highest prevalence in the Northern region (S and C genotypes, 27%). In non-infected patients, prevalence of mutations was higher than in malaria patients.A high proportion of patients with mild malaria carried genetic hemoglobin disorder. This population of high risk must be better investigated to control treatment efficacy and to manage complications.

SUBMITTER: Tossea SK

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5880027 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Cross sectional study on prevalence of sickle cell alleles S and C among patients with mild malaria in Ivory Coast.

Tossea Stephane Koui SK Adji Eric Gbessi EG Coulibaly Baba B Ako Berenger Ako BA Coulibaly David Ngolo DN Joly Philippe P Assi Serge-Brice SB Toure Andre A Jambou Ronan R

BMC research notes 20180402 1

<h4>Objectives</h4>Sickle cell anemia is due to a mutations on the betaglobin gene, inducing abnormal hemoglobin. In West Africa the main mutations lead to S or C types of hemoglobin. Patients with homozygote mutations seem protected against severe malaria, but not against mild disease. The prevalence of abnormal hemoglobin among patients attending dispensaries for mild malaria is thus unknown. A retrospective study was conducted to update data on the prevalence of S and C hemoglobin among patie ...[more]

PMID: 29609623

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Project description:BackgroundEthiopia has achieved considerable progresses in the prevention and control of malaria in the past decades; hitherto it is a formidable health concern and socio-economic impediment. This study aimed at assessing the magnitude, knowledge, attitudes and practices towards malaria among febrile patients attending Chagni health center, northwest Ethiopia.MethodsHealth facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of malaria and KAP towards malaria among febrile patients at Chagni health center in Chagni Town during September 2017 to February 2018. In order to determine the magnitude of malaria, finger prick blood samples were collected and thick and thin smears were prepared and microscopically examined for the presence of malaria parasites. A pre-tested structured questionnaire was also applied to assess KAP of suspected malaria patients, attending the health center. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0.ResultsPrevalence of malaria among febrile patients, who visited the sampled health facility, was 7.3%. Of these, Plasmodium falciparum, P. vivax, and mixed infections accounted for 55, 44.3 and 0.7% of the cases, respectively. This study also revealed that 97% of the respondents had ever heard about malaria and recognized it as a serious health problem. Mosquito bite was identified as the main malaria transmission. Taking drug (86.3%), use of mosquito nets (73.3%), drain stagnated water (68%), and house spay with insecticides (66%) were mentioned as the main malaria prevention methods. Mosquito net coverage and utilizations in the prior night were 98 and 75%, respectively. Indoor residual spraying (IRS) coverage was 99%, of which 77.5% of study participants' houses have been sprayed in the last 6 months.ConclusionsThe current study revealed that prevalence of malaria among febrile illnesses in the study area was relatively low (7.3%) with a high proportion of P. falciparum. Besides, participants had adequate knowledge, encouraging attitudes, and good practices about prevention and control of malaria. However, some misconceptions on malaria disease, its transmission, and prevention have been noted that actually require due attention by the concerned stakeholders. The findings of this study could be used as important inputs for the implementation of effective malaria prevention and control methods, including community health education programs, and scaling up coverage of evidence-based interventions.

Dataset Information

Cross sectional study on prevalence of sickle cell alleles S and C among patients with mild malaria in Ivory Coast.

Publications

Cross sectional study on prevalence of sickle cell alleles S and C among patients with mild malaria in Ivory Coast.

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