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Cancer risks in recipients of renal transplants: a meta-analysis of cohort studies.

ABSTRACT: Renal transplantation is associated with an increased risk of cancers at multiple sites; however, the relationships between increased cancer risk and participant characteristics remain unclear. We searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library to identify prospective observational studies performed up to July 2017. Totally 11 prospective studies reported data on 79,988 renal transplant recipients were included. Renal transplant recipients were found to display a higher risk of all cancers (standard incidence ratio [SIR]: 2.89; 95% CI: 2.13-3.91; P < 0.001), gastric cancer (SIR: 1.93; 95% CI: 1.60-2.34; P < 0.001), colon cancer (SIR: 1.85; 95% CI: 1.53-2.23; P < 0.001), pancreatic cancer (SIR: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.23-1.91; P < 0.001), hepatocellular carcinoma (SIR: 2.45; 95% CI: 1.63-3.66; P < 0.001), lung cancer (SIR: 1.68; 95% CI: 1.29-2.19; P < 0.001), thyroid cancer (SIR: 5.04; 95% CI: 3.79-6.71; P < 0.001), urinary bladder cancer (SIR: 3.52; 95% CI: 1.48-8.37; P = 0.004), renal cell cancer (SIR: 10.77; 95% CI: 6.40-18.12; P < 0.001), non-melanoma skin cancer (SIR: 12.14; 95% CI: 6.37-23.13; P < 0.001), melanoma (SIR: 2.48; 95% CI: 1.08-5.67; P = 0.032), Hodgkin's lymphoma (SIR: 4.90; 95% CI: 3.09-7.78; P < 0.001), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (SIR: 10.66; 95% CI: 8.54-13.31; P < 0.001), lip cancer (SIR: 29.45; 95% CI: 17.85-48.59; P < 0.001), breast cancer (SIR: 1.11; 95% CI: 1.00-1.24; P = 0.046), and ovarian cancer (SIR: 1.60; 95% CI: 1.23-2.07; P < 0.001). However, renal transplantation did not significantly influence the risks of uterine cancer (P = 0.171), and prostate cancers (P = 0.188). Our findings suggest that patients who receive renal transplantation have an increased risk of cancer at most sites, apart from uterine and prostate cancers patients.

SUBMITTER: Wang Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5880611 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Cancer risks in recipients of renal transplants: a meta-analysis of cohort studies.

Wang Yu Y Lan Gong-Bin GB Peng Feng-Hua FH Xie Xu-Biao XB

Oncotarget 20171216 20

Renal transplantation is associated with an increased risk of cancers at multiple sites; however, the relationships between increased cancer risk and participant characteristics remain unclear. We searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library to identify prospective observational studies performed up to July 2017. Totally 11 prospective studies reported data on 79,988 renal transplant recipients were included. Renal transplant recipients were found to display a higher risk of all cancers (st ...[more]

PMID: 29632651

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Project description:BackgroundA number of studies have reported on associations between reproductive factors, such as delivery methods, number of birth and breastfeeding, and incidence of cancer in children, but systematic reviews addressing this issue to date have important limitations, and no reviews have addressed the impact of reproductive factors on cancer over the full life course of offspring.MethodsWe performed a comprehensive search in MEDLINE, and Embase up to January 2020 and Web of Science up to 2018 July, including cohort studies reporting the association between maternal reproductive factors of age at birth, birth order, number of births, delivery methods, and breastfeeding duration and cancer in children. Teams of two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed risk of bias. We conducted random effects meta-analyses to estimate summary relative estimates, calculated absolute differences between those with and without risk factors, and used the GRADE approach to evaluate the certainty of evidence.ResultsFor most exposures and most cancers, we found no suggestion of a causal relation. We found low to very low certainty evidence of the following very small possible impact: higher maternal age at birth with adult multiple myeloma and lifetime uterine cervix cancer incidence; lower maternal age at birth with childhood overall cancer mortality (RR = 1.15, 95% CI = 1.01-1.30; AR/10,000 = 1, 95% CI = 0 to 2), adult leukemia and lifetime uterine cervix cancer incidence; higher birth order with adult melanoma, cervix uteri, corpus uteri, thyroid cancer incidence, lifetime lung, corpus uteri, prostate, testis, sarcoma, thyroid cancer incidence; larger number of birth with childhood brain (RR = 1.27, 95% CI = 1.06-1.52; AR/10,000 = 1, 95% CI = 0 to 2), leukemia (RR = 2.11, 95% CI = 1.62-2.75; AR/10,000 = 9, 95% CI = 5 to 14), lymphoma (RR = 4.66, 95% CI = 1.40-15.57; AR/10,000 = 11, 95% CI = 1 to 44) incidence, adult stomach, corpus uteri cancer incidence and lung cancer mortality, lifetime stomach, lung, uterine cervix, uterine corpus, multiple myeloma, testis cancer incidence; Caesarean delivery with childhood kidney cancer incidence (RR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.01-1.55; AR/10,000 = 0, 95% CI = 0 to 1); and breastfeeding with adult colorectal cancer incidence.ConclusionVery small impacts existed between a number of reproductive factors and cancer incidence and mortality in children and the certainty of evidence was low to very low primarily due to observational design.

Project description:BackgroundThere is sufficient evidence supporting a relationship between increased body mass index (BMI) and an increased risk for breast cancer among postmenopausal women. However, most studies have found a decreased risk for premenopausal breast cancer. This study was conducted to find out the different effects of BMI on the risk of breast cancer among premenopausal and postmenopausal women, and explore the potential factors that influence the associations.MethodsA dose-response meta-analysis with 3,318,796 participants from 31 articles was conducted. Cohort studies that included BMI and corresponding breast cancer risk were selected through various databases including PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Chinese Scientific Journals (VIP). Random effects models were used for analyzing the data.ResultsThe summary relative risks (RRs) were 1.33 (95%CI: 1.20-1.48) and 0.94(95%CI: 0.80-1.11) among postmenopausal and premenopausal women, respectively. The dose-response meta-analysis indicated a positive non-linear association between BMI and breast cancer risk among postmenopausal women, and compared to the mean level of the normal BMI category (21.5 kg/m2) the RR in total postmenopausal women were1.03 (95% CI: 1.02-1.05) per 1 kg/m2 increment. However, no statistically significant association among total premenopausal women was detected. In subgroup analysis among European premenopausal women, the summary RR was 0.79(95%CI: 0.70-0.88). The non-linear relationship showed a negative non-linear association between BMI and breast cancer risk among European premenopausal women. When compared to the mean level of the normal BMI category, the RRs were 0.98 (95%CI: 0.96-1.00) per 1 kg/m2 increment, respectively.ConclusionsIn line with previous studies BMI had different effects on pre-menopausal and postmenopausal breast cancer risk. However, contrary to previous studies, a high BMI was not associated with decreased risk in total pre-menopausal women. More research is needed to better understand these differences.

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Cancer risks in recipients of renal transplants: a meta-analysis of cohort studies.

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Cancer risks in recipients of renal transplants: a meta-analysis of cohort studies.

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