Browse
Submit Data
Databases
API
Help

Dataset Information

14 Views

0 Connections

0 Citations

0 Reanalyses

0 Downloads

Omics score: 0

Induced Hyperproteinemia and Its Effects on the Remodeling of Fat Bodies in Silkworm, Bombyx mori.

ABSTRACT: Hyperproteinemia, which is characterized by an abnormally elevated plasma protein concentration (PPC), is a high-mortality, metabolic complication associated with severe liver and kidney disease. It is difficult to clinically distinguish the difference between the impacts of primary diseases and hyperproteinemia on tissues and organs, and there are no available animal models of hyperproteinemia. Here, we constructed an animal model of hyperproteinemia with a controllable PPC and no primary disease effects in the silkworm Bombyx mori that has attracted interest owing to its potential use in the pathological analysis of model animals. Silkworm have an open circulatory system in which each organ is directly immersed in hemolymph. The fat body (FB) of a silkworm, as a major organ for nutrient storage and energy metabolism, can effectively reflect hyperproteinemia-induced metabolic abnormalities in damaged visceral tissues. A pathogenesis study showed that hyperproteinemia attenuated cell autophagy and apoptosis by attenuating an endocrine hormone, thereby preventing FB remodeling during metamorphosis. Meanwhile, hyperproteinemia increased oxidative stress in the FB and resulted in a dysfunction of amino acid conversion. Supplementation with exogenous 20-hydroxyecdysone effectively mitigated the hyperproteinemia-mediated inhibition of FB remodeling.

SUBMITTER: Chen XD

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5884952 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Json Xml

Similar Datasets

Effects of BmCPV Infection on Silkworm Bombyx mori Intestinal Bacteria.

Project description:The gut microbiota has a crucial role in the growth, development and environmental adaptation in the host insect. The objective of our work was to investigate the microbiota of the healthy silkworm Bombyx mori gut and changes after the infection of B. mori cypovirus (BmCPV). Intestinal contents of the infected and healthy larvae of B. mori of fifth instar were collected at 24, 72 and 144 h post infection with BmCPV. The gut bacteria were analyzed by pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. 147(135) and 113(103) genera were found in the gut content of the healthy control female (male) larvae and BmCPV-infected female (male) larvae, respectively. In general, the microbial communities in the gut content of healthy larvae were dominated by Enterococcus, Delftia, Pelomonas, Ralstonia and Staphylococcus, however the abundance change of each genus was depended on the developmental stage and gender. Microbial diversity reached minimum at 144 h of fifth instar larvae. The abundance of Enterococcus in the females was substantially lower and the abundance of Delftia, Aurantimonas and Staphylococcus was substantially higher compared to the males. Bacterial diversity in the intestinal contents decreased after post infection with BmCPV, whereas the abundance of both Enterococcus and Staphylococcus which belongs to Gram-positive were increased. Therefore, our findings suggested that observed changes in relative abundance was related to the immune response of silkworm to BmCPV infection. Relevance analysis of plenty of the predominant genera showed the abundance of the Enterococcus genus was in negative correlation with the abundance of the most predominant genera. These results provided insight into the relationship between the gut microbiota and development of the BmCPV-infected silkworm.

| S-EPMC4706323 | biostudies-literature

Reference Transcriptome Data in Silkworm Bombyx mori.

Project description:Herein, we performed RNA-seq analysis of ten major tissues/subparts of silkworm larvae. The sequences were mapped onto the reference genome assembly and the reference transcriptome data were successfully constructed. The reference data provided a nearly complete sequence for sericin-1, a major silk gene with a complex structure. We also markedly improved the gene model for other genes. The transcriptomic expression was investigated in each tissue and a number of transcripts were identified that were exclusively expressed in tissues such as the testis. Transcripts strongly expressed in the midgut formed tight genomic clusters, suggesting that they originated from tandem gene duplication. Transcriptional factor genes expressed in specific tissues or the silk gland subparts were also identified. We successfully constructed reference transcriptome data in the silkworm and found that a number of transcripts showed unique expression profiles. These results will facilitate basic studies on the silkworm and accelerate its applications, which will contribute to further advances in lepidopteran and entomological research as well as the practical use of these insects.

| S-EPMC8228281 | biostudies-literature

Horizontal gene transfer in silkworm, Bombyx mori.

Project description:BackgroundThe domesticated silkworm, Bombyx mori, is the model insect for the order Lepidoptera, has economically important values, and has gained some representative behavioral characteristics compared to its wild ancestor. The genome of B. mori has been fully sequenced while function analysis of BmChi-h and BmSuc1 genes revealed that horizontal gene transfer (HGT) maybe bestow a clear selective advantage to B. mori. However, the role of HGT in the evolutionary history of B. mori is largely unexplored. In this study, we compare the whole genome of B. mori with those of 382 prokaryotic and eukaryotic species to investigate the potential HGTs.ResultsTen candidate HGT events were defined in B. mori by comprehensive sequence analysis using Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian method combining with EST checking. Phylogenetic analysis of the candidate HGT genes suggested that one HGT was plant-to- B. mori transfer while nine were bacteria-to- B. mori transfer. Furthermore, functional analysis based on expression, coexpression and related literature searching revealed that several HGT candidate genes have added important characters, such as resistance to pathogen, to B. mori.ConclusionsResults from this study clearly demonstrated that HGTs play an important role in the evolution of B. mori although the number of HGT events in B. mori is in general smaller than those of microbes and other insects. In particular, interdomain HGTs in B. mori may give rise to functional, persistent, and possibly evolutionarily significant new genes.

| S-EPMC3116507 | biostudies-literature

Antibacterial Mechanism of Gloverin2 from Silkworm, Bombyx mori.

Project description:Gloverin is one of the glycine-rich antimicrobial peptide exclusively found in Lepidoptera insects. It is generally activated through the innate immune system in insects. In this study, recombinant Gloverin2 from Bombyx mori (BmGlv2) was synthesized using a prokaryotic expression system. Circular dichroism spectroscopy showed that the recombinant BmGlv2 has random coil structure, which is relatively stable at the temperatures ranging from 15 to 82.5 °C. Antimicrobial activity analysis revealed that BmGlv2 significantly inhibited the growth of gram-negative bacteria, Escherichia coli JM109 and Pseudomonas putida, by disrupting cell integrity. Western blotting and immunofluorescence analyses suggested that BmGlv2 absorbed on the cell surface after incubation, which might be the first step in the antibacterial process. Our results also proved that the cell wall component lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induce a conformational change in BmGlv2 from a random coil to ?-helix. Subsequently, ?-helical BmGlv2 would recruit more BmGlv2 and form higher aggregation state. Collectively, these findings expand our understanding of antibacterial mechanism of BmGlv2.

| S-EPMC6121877 | biostudies-literature

Functional characterization of BmOVOs in silkworm, Bombyx mori.

Project description:BackgroundIn our previous study, we identified four isoforms of the Bmovo gene, Bmovo-1, Bmovo-2, Bmovo-3 and Bmovo-4 from the silkworm ovary and verified that ovarian development was regulated by the BmOVO proteins.ResultsTo understand the regulatory mechanisms of ovarian development, the regulation of four BmOVO isoforms on the B. mori ovarian tumor (Bmotu) promoter activity was investigated with luciferase reporter assays. The results showed the Bmotu promoter activity was positively regulated by BmOVO-1, BmOVO-2, BmOVO-3 and BmOVO-4 in a dose-dependent manner, of which BmOVO-2 had the highest transcriptional activation. However, the first (A1) and third acidic domains (A3) at the N-terminus of BmOVO-1 are transcriptional repression domains, while the fourth (A4) and fifth acidic domains (A5) are transcriptional activation domains. A recombinant BmOVO zinc-finger domain was found to bind to the GTACCGTTGTA sequence located at the Bmotu promoter. Furthermore, the Bmotu promoter activity was negatively regulated by 'Tal-like' peptide, which can trigger BmOVO-1 degradation at the N-terminus.ConclusionsThese results will help us to further understand the regulatory mechanisms of BmOVO isoforms on Bmotu promoter activity and ovarian development in the silkworm.

| S-EPMC6503385 | biostudies-literature

Nucleotide diversity and selection signature in the domesticated silkworm, Bombyx mori, and wild silkworm, Bombyx mandarina.

Project description:To investigate the patterns of nucleotide diversity in domesticated silkworm, Bombyx mori L. (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) and its wild relative, Chinese wild silkworm, Bombyx mandarina Moore, we sequenced nine nuclear genes. Neutrality test and coalescent simulation for these genes were performed to look at bottleneck intensity and selection signature; linkage disequilibrium (LD) within and between loci was employed to investigate allele association. As a result, B. mori lost 33-49% of nucleotide diversity relative to wild silkworm, which is similar to the loss levels found in major cultivated crops. Diversity of B. mori is significantly lower than that of B. mandarina measured as π(total) (0.01166 vs. 0.1741) or θ(W)(0.01124 vs. 0.02206). Bottleneck intensity of domesticated silkworm is 1.5 (in terms of k = N(b) /d, N(b) -bottleneck population size; d-bottleneck duration) with different durations. Gene DefA showed signature of artificial selection by all analysis methods and might experience strong artificial selection in B. mori during domestication. For nine loci, both curves of LD decay rapidly within 200 bp and drop slowly when distance is > 200 bp, although that of B. mori decays slower than B. mandarina at loci investigated. However, LD could not be estimated at DefA in B. mori and at ER in both silkworms. Elevated LD observed in B. mori may be indicator of selection and demographic events.

| S-EPMC3391917 | biostudies-literature

Effects of fragrance compounds on growth of the silkworm <i>Bombyx mori</i>.

Project description:Due to the contamination and biological toxicity of some fragrance compounds, the environmental and ecological problems of such compounds have attracted more and more attention. However, studies of the toxicity of fragrance compounds for insects have been limited. The toxicity of 48 fragrance compounds for the silkworm Bombyx mori were investigated in this study. All of the fragrance compounds examined had no acute toxicity for B. mori larvae, but eight of them (menthol, maltol, musk xylene, musk tibeten, dibutyl sulfide, nerolidol, ethyl vanillin, and α-amylcinnamaldehyde) exhibited chronic and lethal toxicity with LC50 values from 20 to 120 µM. In a long-term feeding study, musk tibeten, nerolidol, and musk xylene showed significant growth regulatory activity. They were also extremely harmful to the cocooning of B. mori, resulting in small, thin, and loose cocoons. Two important insect hormones, namely, juvenile hormone (JH) and 20-hydroxyecdysone (20-E), were quantified in hemolymph following chronic exposure to musk tibeten, nerolidol, and musk xylene, respectively. Musk tibeten significantly increased JH titer and decreased the 20-E titer in hemolymph, and musk xylene had a significant inhibitory effect on JH titer and increased 20-E titer. Although nerolidol had no effect on hormone levels, exogenous JH mimic nerolidol increased the physiological effects of JH and significantly slowed the growth rate of B. mori larvae. The results showed that these fragrance compounds could interfere with the insect endocrine system, leading to death and abnormal growth. The risk to insects of residual fragrance compounds in the environment is worthy of attention.

| S-EPMC8214392 | biostudies-literature

Transcriptional Dynamics Induced by Diapause Hormone in the Silkworm, <i>Bombyx mori</i>.

Project description:Diapause is a form of dormancy that organisms use to adapt to extreme environments by exhibiting developmental arrest. In the silkworm, Bombyx mori, diapause is thought to be elicited by diapause hormone (DH) signaling, which consists of interactions between DH and the DH receptor (DHR). However, the steps downstream of the DH signaling pathway are largely unknown. In the present study, we directly injected synthesized DH into the female pupae of a multivoltine, non-diapausing strain at 36 h after pupation. We found that the mRNA level of DHR declined at 4 h and recovered at 12 h after the injection of DH. Thus, we sequenced the transcriptome of the ovaries at 4 h and 12 h after the injection of DH. We identified 60 and 221 differentially expressed genes at 4 h and 12 h after the injection, respectively. All DEGs were identified, relating to 20E-related genes, JH-related genes, cellular detoxification, ribosomal proteins, lipid metabolism, and epigenetic modifications. Eleven genes were selected from the above categories to verify the transcriptome data. The qRT-PCR and RNA-Seq expression patterns of the genes were consistent, which indicated the authenticity and reliability of the transcriptome data. This study dramatically expands upon our knowledge of gene expression variation at the early phase of DH release.

| S-EPMC9495520 | biostudies-literature

Infectious Virions of Bombyx Mori Latent Virus Are Incorporated into Bombyx Mori Nucleopolyhedrovirus Occlusion Bodies.

Project description:The Bombyx mori latent virus (BmLV) belongs to the unassigned plant virus family Tymoviridae and contains a positive-sense, single-stranded RNA genome. BmLV has infected almost all B. mori-derived cultured cell lines through unknown routes. The source of BmLV infection and the BmLV life cycle are still unknown. Here, we examined the interaction between BmLV and the insect DNA virus Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV). Persistent infection with BmLV caused a slight delay in BmNPV propagation, and BmLV propagation was enhanced in B. mori larvae via co-infection with BmNPV. We also showed that BmLV infectious virions were co-occluded with BmNPV virions into BmNPV occlusion bodies. We propose a new relationship between BmLV and BmNPV.

| S-EPMC6521139 | biostudies-literature

Structure of Bombyx mori densovirus 1, a silkworm pathogen.

Project description:Bombyx mori densovirus 1 (BmDNV-1), a major pathogen of silkworms, causes significant losses to the silk industry. The structure of the recombinant BmDNV-1 virus-like particle has been determined at 3.1-Å resolution using X-ray crystallography. It is the first near-atomic-resolution structure of a virus-like particle within the genus Iteravirus. The particles consist of 60 copies of the 55-kDa VP3 coat protein. The capsid protein has a β-barrel "jelly roll" fold similar to that found in many diverse icosahedral viruses, including archaeal, bacterial, plant, and animal viruses, as well as other parvoviruses. Most of the surface loops have little structural resemblance to other known parvovirus capsid proteins. In contrast to vertebrate parvoviruses, the N-terminal β-strand of BmDNV-1 VP3 is positioned relative to the neighboring 2-fold related subunit in a "domain-swapped" conformation, similar to findings for other invertebrate parvoviruses, suggesting domain swapping is an evolutionarily conserved structural feature of the Densovirinae.

| S-EPMC3126189 | biostudies-literature

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

OmicsDI is an Elixir interoperability service. Learn more ›

Tweets

OmicsDI Databases

PRIDE
PeptideAtlas
MassIVE
JPOST Repository
Physiome Model Repository

EGA
EVA
ENA
LINCS
PAXDB
Cell Collective

MetaboLights
Metabolomics Workbench
MetabolomeExpress
GNPS
BioModels
FAIRDOMHub

ArrayExpress
dbGaP
ExpressionAtlas
GEO
NODE

Information

Databases
Help
API
Contact us
Code on GitHub
Terms of use
Submit Data