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Parental Education and Family Dissolution: A Cross-National and Cohort Comparison.

ABSTRACT: This is the first study to systematically analyze whether the association between parental education and family dissolution varies cross-nationally and over time. The authors use meta-analytic tools to study cross-national variation between 17 countries with data from the Generations and Gender Study and Harmonized Histories. The association shows considerable cross-national variation, but is positive in most countries. The association between parental education and family dissolution has become less positive or even negative in six countries. The findings show that the association between parental education and family dissolution is generally positive or nil, even if the association between own education and family dissolution is in many countries increasingly negative. The authors find suggestive evidence that the association is related to the crude divorce rate, but not to the generosity of the welfare state in these countries. The implications of these findings for understanding the stratification in family dissolution are discussed.

SUBMITTER: Brons MDA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5888197 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Parental Education and Family Dissolution: A Cross-National and Cohort Comparison.

Brons M D Anne MDA Härkönen Juho J

Journal of marriage and the family 20180130 2

This is the first study to systematically analyze whether the association between parental education and family dissolution varies cross-nationally and over time. The authors use meta-analytic tools to study cross-national variation between 17 countries with data from the Generations and Gender Study and Harmonized Histories. The association shows considerable cross-national variation, but is positive in most countries. The association between parental education and family dissolution has become ...[more]

PMID: 29657335

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Project description:BackgroundDisparities in health by adult income are well documented, but we know less about the childhood origins of health inequalities, and it remains unclear how the shape of the gradient varies across health conditions. This study examined the association between parental income in childhood and several measures of morbidity in adulthood.MethodsWe used administrative data on seven complete Norwegian birth cohorts born in 1967-1973 (N = 429,886) to estimate the association between parental income from birth to age 18, obtained from tax records available from 1967, linked with administrative registries on health. Health measures, observed between ages 39 and 43, were taken from registry data on consultations at primary health care services based on diagnostic codes from the International Classification of Primary Care (ICPC-2) and hospitalizations and outpatient specialist consultations registered in the National Patient Registry (ICD-10).ResultsLow parental income during childhood was associated with a higher risk of being diagnosed with several chronic and pain-related disorders, as well as hospitalization, but not overall primary health care use. Absolute differences were largest for disorders related to musculoskeletal pain, injuries, and depression (7-9 percentage point difference). There were also differences for chronic disorders such as hypertension (8%, CI 7.9-8.5 versus 4%, CI 4.1-4.7) and diabetes (3.2%, CI 3.0-3.4 versus 1.4%, CI 1.2-1.6). There was no difference in consultations related to respiratory disorders (20.9%, CI 20.4-21.5 versus 19.7%, CI 19.2-20.3). Childhood characteristics (parental education, low birth weight, and parental marital status) and own adult characteristics (education and income) explained a large share of the association.ConclusionsChildren growing up at the bottom of the parental income distribution, compared to children in the top of the income distribution, had a two- to threefold increase in somatic and psychological disorders measured in adulthood. This shows that health inequalities by socioeconomic family background persist in a Scandinavian welfare-state context with universal access to health care.

Dataset Information

Parental Education and Family Dissolution: A Cross-National and Cohort Comparison.

Publications

Parental Education and Family Dissolution: A Cross-National and Cohort Comparison.

Similar Datasets

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