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Effects of oil-film layer and surfactant on the siphonal respiration and survivorship in the fourth instar larvae of Aedes togoi mosquito in laboratory conditions.

ABSTRACT: Mosquitoes transmit various diseases; thus, controlling them is necessary to prevent mosquito-borne infections. Unlike flying adult mosquitoes, those in the immature stages are easy to control because of being restricted to their habitats found in an aquatic environment. In this study, we aimed to evaluate of respiration and survivorship in the larvae of Aedes togoi. The mechanism of actions of the oil-film layer and the surfactant as well as their effects on the siphonal respiration of submerged Aedes togoi larvae were analyzed by checking the survival time of mosquito larvae against oil-film layer and surfactant, and conducting experiments using a siphon-model. Compared with an impermeable membrane used for reference (762.4?min; average time in all cases), the survival time of mosquito larvae was 5% longer for the oil-film layer (808.1?min) and 40% longer for the surfactant (1086.9?min). The surface of the siphon was changed from hydrophobic to hydrophilic by addition of a surfactant. In addition, the surface tension and wettability have a significant influence on the opening and closing of siphon. This study would be helpful for understanding the basic mechanism of physical control measures for disturbing the siphonal respiration of mosquito larvae in a way of dissolved oxygen and surface tension. The present results would guide the establishment of effective control measures for mosquitoes.

SUBMITTER: Lee SJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5890275 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Effects of oil-film layer and surfactant on the siphonal respiration and survivorship in the fourth instar larvae of Aedes togoi mosquito in laboratory conditions.

Lee Sang Joon SJ Kim Jun Ho JH Lee Seung Chul SC

Scientific reports 20180409 1

Mosquitoes transmit various diseases; thus, controlling them is necessary to prevent mosquito-borne infections. Unlike flying adult mosquitoes, those in the immature stages are easy to control because of being restricted to their habitats found in an aquatic environment. In this study, we aimed to evaluate of respiration and survivorship in the larvae of Aedes togoi. The mechanism of actions of the oil-film layer and the surfactant as well as their effects on the siphonal respiration of submerge ...[more]

PMID: 29632332

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Project description:BackgroundBiological controls with predators of larval mosquito vectors have historically focused almost exclusively on insectivorous animals, with few studies examining predatory plants as potential larvacidal agents. In this study, we experimentally evaluate a generalist plant predator of North America, Utricularia macrorhiza, the common bladderwort, and evaluate its larvacidal efficiency for the mosquito vectors Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in no-choice, laboratory experiments. We sought to determine first, whether U. macrorhiza is a competent predator of container-breeding mosquitoes, and secondly, its predation efficiency for early and late instar larvae of each mosquito species.MethodsNewly hatched, first-instar Ae. albopictus and Ae. aegypti larvae were separately exposed in cohorts of 10 to field-collected U. macrorhiza cuttings. Data on development time and larval survival were collected on a daily basis to ascertain the effectiveness of U. macrorhiza as a larval predator. Survival models were used to assess differences in larval survival between cohorts that were exposed to U. macrorhiza and those that were not. A permutation analysis was used to investigate whether storing U. macrorhiza in laboratory conditions for extended periods of time (1 month vs 6 months) affected its predation efficiency.ResultsOur results indicated a 100% and 95% reduction of survival of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus larvae, respectively, in the presence of U. macrorhiza relative to controls within five days, with peak larvacidal efficiency in plant cuttings from ponds collected in August. Utricularia macrorhiza cuttings, which were prey-deprived, and maintained in laboratory conditions for 6 months were more effective larval predators than cuttings, which were maintained prey-free for 1 month.ConclusionsDue to the combination of high predation efficiency and the unique biological feature of facultative predation, we suggest that U. macrorhiza warrants further development as a method for larval mosquito control.

Dataset Information

Effects of oil-film layer and surfactant on the siphonal respiration and survivorship in the fourth instar larvae of Aedes togoi mosquito in laboratory conditions.

Publications

Effects of oil-film layer and surfactant on the siphonal respiration and survivorship in the fourth instar larvae of Aedes togoi mosquito in laboratory conditions.

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